高一英語知識點總結(jié)【常用15篇】
總結(jié)就是對一個時期的學習、工作或其完成情況進行一次全面系統(tǒng)的回顧和分析的書面材料，它可以給我們下一階段的學習和工作生活做指導，為此我們要做好回顧，寫好總結(jié)。總結(jié)一般是怎么寫的呢？下面是小編整理的高一英語知識點總結(jié)，僅供參考，歡迎大家閱讀。
高一英語知識點總結(jié)1
一、過去分詞
過去分詞兼有動詞、副詞和形容詞的特征，可以帶賓語或受狀語修飾。過去分詞和賓語或狀語一起構(gòu)成過去分詞短語。它在句中可以作定語、表語、賓語補足語或狀語。這節(jié)課講解作定語、表語的用法。
1. 作定語
作定語的過去分詞如果是單詞，一般放在被修飾詞的前面;過去分詞短語作定語，一般放在被修飾詞的后面。例如：
There are many fallen leaves on the ground.
This is a book written by a worker.
2. 作表語
過去分詞作表語,多表示主語所處的狀態(tài)。
I was pleased at the news.
The door remained locked.
過去分詞作表語，相當于形容詞，常見的有：delighted, disappointed, astonished, interested, satisfied, surprised, tired, worried, excited, married 等。
過去分詞作表語時，應注意與被動結(jié)構(gòu)的.區(qū)別。系表結(jié)構(gòu)說明主語的狀態(tài)或具有的性質(zhì)、特點;被動結(jié)構(gòu)強調(diào)謂語動作。
The small village is surrounded by trees.(狀態(tài))
The small village was soon surrounded by enemy soldiers.(動作)
I'm interested in chess.(狀態(tài))
3. 過去分詞做狀語
①表時間，相當于一個時間狀語從句，有時過去分詞前可加連詞 when 或 while 來強調(diào)時間概念。
Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden.
Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.
②表原因，相當于一個原因狀語從句。
Exhausted, the children fell asleep at once.
Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle.
③表條件，相當于一個條件狀語從句，有時過去分詞前可用 if 等詞
Heated, water changes into steam.
Given another chance, he will do better.
④表讓步，相當于一個though/although引導的讓步狀語從句。
Laughed at by many people, he continued his study.
⑤表伴隨，說明動作發(fā)生的背景或情況。
Surrounded by a group of pupils, the old teacher walked into the classroom.
The trainer appeared, followed by five little dogs.
人教版高一英語知識點總結(jié)3
1. can't help doing sth. 禁不住做某事，不由得不做某事
She couldn't hep smiling.
[比較]
(1) can't help but do 不得不……;不能不 When the streets are full of melting snow, you can't help but get your shoes wet.
(2) cannot but 不能不，只能He could not but feel disappointed.
[歸納]
(1) help (sb.) (to) do sth. Help me get him back to bed at once. / By helping them we are helping save ourselves.
(2) help...with sth. 幫助……做某事 In those days he used to help her mother with her gardening.
(3) help oneself / sb. to sth. 給自己 / 別人夾菜 / 拿煙
等;擅自拿用 May I help you to some more vegetables?
(4) help...in sth. 在……方面幫助某人 She offered to help Rose in the housekeeping when I am not here.
(5) help out 幫忙 (做事;克服困難等) I've often helped Bob out when he's been a bit short of money.
2. 含go的短語
① go around 到處走/跑.(疾病)流傳，(謠言)傳開;go after 追求;go ahead 說吧，請吧，做吧;go away 離開，出去
② go back 走網(wǎng)頭路，翻悔改變;go bad 變壞;go boating 去劃船
③ go fishing 去釣魚;go for a walk去 散步
④ go hiking 去徒步旅行;go home 回家
⑤ go in for 喜愛，從事于;go into 進入，加入
⑥ go mad 發(fā)瘋
⑦ go off 離去，去世;go on 繼續(xù)，進展，依據(jù);go on doing 繼續(xù)做;go out 出去，發(fā)出去，熄滅，不時興;go over 研究，檢查，搜查
⑧ go shopping 去商店;go skating 去滑冰;go straight along 沿著;go swimming 去游泳
⑨ go through 通過，經(jīng)受，仔細檢查;go to bed
⑩ go up 上升
[例句] We'll go through the items one by one. 我們要逐條研究。She has gone back to her old habits. 她又回到了已往的習慣。Come on Sunday by yourself - we can go over the house together. 星期天你要過來.我們一起檢查一下房子。His speech went on for so long that people began to fall asleep. 他的演講持續(xù)很長時間，結(jié)果人們開始想睡。That expression has gone out. Nobody Uses it today. 那個短語已經(jīng)過時了，現(xiàn)在沒有人在用它。The young fellow hasn't realized that he has gone wrong. 這個年輕人還沒有意識到他已經(jīng)誤入歧途。Tired of going shopping with his wife，Mr. Liu pretended to have something important to do. 厭煩與妻子一起去購物，劉先生假裝有重要的事情要做。
高一英語知識點總結(jié)2
一般過去時
should+ 動詞原形
were+ 不定式 would + 動詞原形
should+ 動詞原形
If you succeeded, everything would be all right.
If you should succeed, everything would be all right.
If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.
混合條件句
主句與從句的動作發(fā)生在不同的時間，這時主，從句謂語動詞的.虛擬語氣形式因時間不同而不同，這叫做混合條件句。
If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.
(從句與過去事實相反，主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反。)
If it had rained last night (過去), it would be very cold today (現(xiàn)在).
高一英語知識點總結(jié)3
1.基礎梳理
achievement Quaker welfare project institute specialist specialize chimp campaign connection landmine organization behave behavior shade move off worthwhile nest bond observe childhood outspoken respect argue entertainment lead a…life crowd crowd in inspire support look down on/upon refer audience by chance come aross career rate sickness intend emergency generation determination kindness considerate deliver carry on modest
2.詞語歸納
1)achieve
表示“完成，到達”。
區(qū)別achieve，reach，gain：
achieve著重表示達到一定目的的過程中所需要的技能，耐性和努力。
reach指達到任何目標、目的或指達到發(fā)展過程中的某個階段。
gain強調(diào)經(jīng)過奮斗才達到所期望的目標、優(yōu)勢或者有利地位。
2)condition
表示“條件”，condition為單數(shù)時，表示人/物所處的“狀態(tài)”。
conditions(復數(shù))指一般情況，環(huán)境。
in good/poor condition狀況好/不好。
out of condition狀況不好。
on condition that在……條件下，假使。
on no condition決不。
3)connection
表示“連接，關系”。
connections親戚。
in connection with與……有關。
4)behave
表示“舉止，舉動，行為表現(xiàn)”。
behave oneself表現(xiàn)良好，行為良好。
behave as起……作用，表現(xiàn)為……。
5)worthwhile
表示“值得做的，值得出力的”。
句型It is worhtwhile doing/to do sth“干……是值得的”。
6)observe
表示“觀察，注意”，可接省略to的不定式的復合結(jié)構(gòu)，當observe用被動語態(tài)時，其后的不定式應回復to。
observe后也可接由現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成的復合結(jié)構(gòu)。
后接that從句，表示“注意到，說”。
observe還可以表示“遵守，慶祝”。
7)respect
作動詞，后直接跟賓語。
respect oneself自重，自尊。
作名詞，表示“尊重，尊敬”。have/show respect for意為“對……尊重/尊敬”。
have respect to注意，考慮。
表示“敬意，問候”時，用復數(shù)形式，常與give，send，pay連用。
in respect of sth就某方面而言。
with respect to 涉及，關于。
8)argue
表示“爭論，辯論”。
argue with sb(about/for…)(為/關于……)和某人辯論。
argue about就某事而論。
argue for/against…辯論贊成……/反對……。
argue back反駁。
argue sb into/out of doing sth說服某人做/不做某事。
9)inspire
表示“鼓舞，激發(fā)”。
inspire sb(to do sth)賦予某人靈感，啟迪。
inspire sb(with sth)/inspire sth in sb激勵/鼓勵某人的……。
形容詞inspired表示“有創(chuàng)造力的'，有雄心壯志的，受靈感啟示的”;形容詞inspiring表示“鼓舞人心的，使人感興趣的”。
10)support
作及物動詞，表示“支撐，扶持，養(yǎng)活”。
作可數(shù)名詞，表示“支撐物，支持的人/物，贍養(yǎng)者，贊助金”。
作不可數(shù)名詞，表示“支持，養(yǎng)家，贍養(yǎng)”。
come to one’s support來支持某人。
in support后備的，準備給予支援的。
in support of支持，證明。
11)look down on/upon
表示“蔑視，瞧不起”。也可以用look one’s nose at來表示。
有關look的短語：
look for尋找，期待 look forward to doing盼望做某事 look on…as把……看作
look out朝外看，當心，注意，查出 look through瀏覽，仔細查看，審核
look up查看，抬頭看 look after照顧 look back on/to sth 追思，回顧
look in(on sb)順便訪問 look into sth調(diào)查 look over sth 檢閱，檢查
look to注意 look sb up and down上下打量某人
12)explain
作及物動詞，表示“解釋，說明”，常接名詞，代詞，從句作賓語，若表示“向某人解釋某事”，應說explain sth to sb或explain to sb sth。
explain oneself為自己的行為辯解。
explain后接由連接代詞或連接副詞引導的不定式或短語作賓語。
13)strike
表示“打，擊，敲”。
表示“通過摩擦產(chǎn)生(火花，光亮)。
表示“打動，引起，迷住，罷工”。
表示“打”時，常套用在“動詞+sb+介詞+the+表示身體某一部位的名詞”句型中。
strike to向……打去。
strike for/against為爭取/反對……而罷工。
srike sb down把某人，使某人喪命。
strike on sth意為獲得/發(fā)現(xiàn)某事。
strike home擊中要害。
14)consideration
表示“考慮，體諒”。
take sth into consideration考慮某事，體諒某事。
leave sth out of consideration忽略某事，不重視某事。
in consideration of sth作為對……的回報，考慮到。
15)deliver
表示“遞送，釋放，發(fā)表(演說)”。
deliver a baby接生。
deliver on sth不負重望，履行諾言。
16)devote
devote…to獻身于……，專心于……。to是介詞。
devote oneself to獻身于，致力于，專心于。
形容詞devoted表示“忠實的，熱愛的，全心全意的”。be devoted to sb/sth 表示“對某人/某物忠實(熱愛，全心全意)。
高一英語知識點總結(jié)4
(一)、some與any的用法
1.some用于肯定句以及表示建議或期待得到肯定回答的.問句。修飾單數(shù)名詞時，意為某個。如：I have some questions about the assignment. (希望得到肯定答復)。
2. any用于否定句和疑問句時，表示一些。用于肯定句時，只和單數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞連用，表示任何。如：The medicine is on sale every where. You can get it at any chemist?s.
(二) 、 each與every的用法
1. each強調(diào)個體，表示兩個或兩個以上中的每一個，在句中可充當主語、賓語、定語和同位語。如：There are trees and flowers at each side of the road.
2. every強調(diào)整體，表示三者或三者以上中的每一個，只能作定語，不能說every of them，要說every one of them .Every student in our class works hard.
(三)、 no one與none的用法
1. no one意為沒有人，只能指人，不能指物，不可與介詞of連用，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，回答who引導的問句。如：Who is in the classroom? No one.
2. none既可指人，也可指物，強調(diào)數(shù)量，意為一點也不，一個也不;謂語動詞既可用單數(shù)也可用復數(shù);常與of連用，通常指三者以上的人或物中沒有一個，回答how much和how many引導的問句。如：They were all tired，but none of them would stop to have a rest.
四、 other，another，others，any other，the other的用法
高一英語知識點總結(jié)5
1. The fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.
2. She sensed that she was being watched by a tall man in a dark coat.
3. The tall man was nowhere to be seen.
4. Polly found herself staring up at a man standing with his hand resting on her arm
5. The face that she saw was that of an old man.
6. It gives me the chance to pay back the help that people give me when it is sunny
.
7. While having dinner , listen to some enjoyable music rather than watch TV. While relaxing at home, have some flowers next to you.
8. I heard it was going to rain this afternoon, followed by a thunderstorm.
9. Scientists are interested in whether the sense of smell is related to pain .
10. Why pleasant smells do not reduce pain in men is a question still to be answered by scientists.
11. About 30 types have been reported as attacking human beings.
12. Many more people drown in the ocean every year than are bitten by sharks.
13. The latter two types of attack are more likely to be deadly for humans.
14. Hit the shark on the nose.
15. Dont be frightened by sharks as there is 30 times greater chance of being hit by lightning than being attacked by a shark.
16. 賓語補足語結(jié)構(gòu)
Polly felt a rough hand brush her face.
She could feel her heart beating with fear.
Polly found herself staring up at a man standing with his hand resting on her arm.
Polly heard it hit the step.
In the distance, I could see thunder and lightning coming.
高一英語知識點總結(jié)6
重點單詞講解。
(1)add
① add …to…把…添加…/把…加起來
② add up to共計，總共
③ add to增添
(2)upset
過去式：upset過去分詞：upset現(xiàn)在分詞：upsetting
adj.心煩意亂的，不安的，不適的
be upset about/over為某事心煩、不安
be upset that心煩
vt.使不安，使心煩
It upsets sb that讓某人心煩的是
It upsets sb to do sth做某事使某人不安
(3)concern
vt.使擔心，顧慮，涉及，關系到
n.擔心，關注，利害關系
①as far as sb/sth + be concerned就某人而言，對于某人來說
as far as I am concerned就我而言，對于我來說
as far as he is concerned對他來說
as far as English is concerned關于英語，對于英語
②be concerned about/for關心，掛念
have no concerned about/for
③be concerned in/with涉及到，與…有關
have no concerned in/with
(4)go through
①經(jīng)歷，遭受，忍受go through one difficulty after another.經(jīng)歷一個又一個困難。
②仔細檢查，審查go through your paper檢查你的試卷。
③瀏覽，翻閱go through all the related reference.瀏覽相關資料。
④通過，穿過=pass through go through a great forest.穿過一片大森林。
⑤完成go through the task.完成任務。
(5)suffer
①suffer作“遭受”時，后面直接接pain, loss, injury, harm或punishment.
②suffer作“受…苦”時，常常搭配：suffer from
(6)get/be tired of厭煩…
get/be/feel tired of sb / sth / doing sth厭煩
be tired from由于…而疲勞(體力上的疲勞)，側(cè)重原因
be tired out精疲力竭的
(7)join in參加，加入
區(qū)別join ,join in ,attend與take part in：
join：多指加入組織，團體，黨派等，有作為其中一員的意思。例：join the army參軍
join in：參加某項游戲，活動，討論等。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：join sb in
例：Will you join us in a walk?
attend：參加會議，婚禮，葬禮，上課，講座，聽報告等。
例：attend a lecture參加一個講座。
take part in：多指參加群眾性的活動，運動，戰(zhàn)爭等。
例：take part in the march.
虛擬條件句
條件狀語從句是非真實情況，在這種情況下要用虛擬語氣。
l-條件從句與現(xiàn)在事實不一致，句型為：If+主語十過去時，tiag+should (could，would，或might)+動詞原形，例如：If l were you，1 would study hard.
2.條件從句與過去事實不一致，句型為：If+主語+had+過去分詞，主語+should(could, would，或might)+have+過去分詞，例如：If I had not studied hard.1would have failed in the exam last term
3.條件從句與將來事實不一致，句型為：lf+主語+should/were to+do，主語+should( could.)+原形do，例如：If l were to go to the moon one day,I could see itwith my own eyes.
注意：
1.If條件句中絕對不可出現(xiàn)“would”。
2-根據(jù)句中的時間狀語，有時可能出現(xiàn)“混合虛擬”的情況，即主句可能是現(xiàn)在的情況，條件句也許是發(fā)生在過去的情況，但都遵守上述句型。
3.在條件句中如果出現(xiàn)were，had，should可省去if'
將這些詞提前置于句首構(gòu)成倒裝，例如：w。re I to go tothe moon one clay,1 would see it with my own eyes.如果有一天我登上月球，我就可以親眼目睹它的樣子了。
直接引語和間接引語
(一)直接引述別人的原話，叫做直接引語;用自己話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，叫做間接引語。間接引語一般構(gòu)成賓語從句。直接引語必須放在引號內(nèi)，間接引語則不用引號。直接引語改為間接引語時，除將引語部分變成賓語從句外，還必須對直接引語中的'人稱、時態(tài)、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等進行改變。
1.時態(tài)的變化：直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，通常受轉(zhuǎn)述動詞said, asked等的影響而使用過去化的時態(tài)，即把原來的時態(tài)向過去推，也就是一般現(xiàn)在時變?yōu)橐话氵^去時，現(xiàn)在進行時變?yōu)檫^去進行時，等等。例如：
Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.”
→Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.
2.人稱代詞、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等等的變化：根據(jù)意義進行相應的變化，例如：
She asked Jack,“Where have you been?”
→She asked Jack where he had been.
He said,“These books are mine.”
→He said that those books were his.
(二)直接引語改為間接引語時，都使用陳述語序，但是因為原句的句式不同，所以變成間接引語時所用的連詞會有所不同。直接引語如果是一般疑問句，用連接詞whether或if;如果是特殊疑問句，則用疑問詞引導間接引語。轉(zhuǎn)述的動詞一般用asked，可以在其后加上一個間接賓語me, him, her, us等。如：
She said,“Is your father at home?”
→She asked me if/whether my father was at home.
“What do you do every Sunday?”My friend asked me.
→My friend asked me what I did every Sunday.
直接引語如果是祈使句，改為間接引語時，要將祈使句的動詞原形變?yōu)閹o的不定式，并在不定式的前面根據(jù)原句的語氣(即請求或命令)加上ask, tell, order等動詞，如果祈使句為否定式，則在不定式前加not。其句型為：ask / tell / order someone (not) to do something.例如：
She said to us,“Please sit down.”
→She asked us to sit down.
He said to him,“Go away!”
→He ordered him to go away.
He said, “Don’t make so much noise, boys.”
→He told the boys not to make so much noise.
raise vt.“使……上升;升起;提高”等;
rise vi.“上升;升起”;
arise vi.“站起來(stand up)”，“起床(get up)”
rise和arise用作站起，起床都屬正式用法;arise主要表示“出現(xiàn)、發(fā)生”等意思。
She raised her voice in anger. (抬高)
The wind raised the fallen leaves from the ground. (刮起)
The child rose from the ground and ran to his mother. (=The child raised himself from the ground and ran to his mother.) (爬起)
She rises before it is light. (起床)
Difficulties will arise as we do the work. (出現(xiàn))
重點短句
1. be good to對......友好be good for對......有益;be bad to…/be bad for…
2. add up加起來增加add up to合計，總計
add… to把......加到......
3. not…until/till意思是“直到…才”
4. get sth/sb done使......完成/使某人被......
5. calm down平靜下來
6. be concerned about關心關注
7.當while, when, before, after等引導的時間狀語從句中的主語與主句的主語一致時，可將從句中的主語和be動詞省去。
While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose.
8. cheat in the exam考試作弊
9. go through經(jīng)歷;度過;獲準，通過
10. hide away躲藏;隱藏1
1. set down寫下，記下
12. I wonder if…..我不知道是不是…. 12. on purpose故意
13. sth happen to sb某人發(fā)生某事
sb happen to do sth某人碰巧做某事it so happened that ......正巧碰巧
14. It is the first (second…) that… (從句謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時)
15. in one’s power處于......的控制之中
16. It’s no pleasure doing….做…..沒有樂趣
It’s no good/ use doing sth.做某事是沒好處/沒用的
17. She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place. it做形式賓語
18. suffer from患…病;遭受19. so…that… /such…thay…
20. get tired of….對…感到勞累疲憊
21. have some trouble with sb/sth.在......上遇到了麻煩22. get along with sb/sth.與某人相處
23. ask(sb)for advice. (向某人)征求建議
24. make后接復合賓語，賓語補足語須用不帶to的不定式、形容詞、過去分詞、名詞等。常見的有以下幾種形式:
make sb. do sth.讓(使)某人做某事make sb. /sth. +adj.使某人/物…
make sb./ oneself +v-ed讓某人/自己被…
When you speak, you should make yourself understood. make sb.+n.使某人成為…
25. alone /lonely.單獨的/孤獨的
高一英語知識點總結(jié)7
延續(xù)動詞與瞬間動詞
1)用于完成時的區(qū)別
延續(xù)動詞表示經(jīng)驗、經(jīng)歷;瞬間動詞表示行為的結(jié)果，不能與表示段的時間狀語連用。 He has completed the work.他已完成了那項工作。 (表結(jié)果)
I've known him since then.我從那時起就認識他了。(表經(jīng)歷)
2)用于till / until從句的差異
延續(xù)動詞用于肯定句，表示"做……直到……"瞬間動詞用于否定句，表示"到……，才……" He didn't come back until ten o'clock.
他到10點才回來。
He slept until ten o'clock.
他一直睡到10點。
典型例題
1. You don't need to describe her. I ___ her several times.
A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet
答案B.首先本題后句強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響，我知道她的.模樣，你不用描述。再次，several times告知為反復發(fā)生的動作，因此用現(xiàn)在完成時。
2.---I'm sorry to keep you waiting.
---Oh, not at all. I ___ here only a few minutes.
A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be
答案A.等待的動作由過去開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，應用現(xiàn)在完成時。
用一般過去時代替完成時
1)兩個動作如按順序發(fā)生，又不強調(diào)先后，或用then，and，but等連詞時，多用一般過去時。
When she saw the mouse，she screamed.
My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it.
2 )兩個動作相繼發(fā)生，可用一般過去時;如第一個動作需要若干時間完成，用過去完成時。 When I heard the news, I was very excited.
3)敘述歷史事實，可不用過去完成時，而只用一般過去時。
Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.
高一英語知識點總結(jié)8
定冠詞的用法
1.表示特定的人或物
2.表示地球、宇宙中獨一無二的`事物，主要指各種天體及世界上比較有影響的物體。
The sun，the moon，the earth
3.表示地點、方向、時間、方式等 at the corner 在拐角處
1) 在表示季節(jié)的名詞前常不用冠詞。 In spring 在春天
2) 具體某年的某個季節(jié)，需用冠詞。
In the summer of the year20xx
3)用于序數(shù)詞或形容詞的級前 the first the second
4)用于形容詞前使其名詞化 the rich the poor
5)用于復數(shù)姓氏前，表示夫婦‖或全家 The Smiths
6)用于樂器名詞前 Play the piano
高一英語知識點總結(jié)9
Unit1
wakeup醒來wanderoff漫步
mostofthetime大部分時間either…or…或……或……eachother互相
spend…(in)doingsth花費時間做某事bedeterminedtodo決定做……thinkabout看法forexample舉例子workout得出；解決arguefor為……辯護
arguewith與……爭論/爭辯argueagainst爭辯……
setup（具體）設置；安裝/（抽象）建立dosomeresearch做研究
choosetodosth.寧愿、偏要、決定做某事catchone’seye引起某人的`注意carefor照顧
beintendedfor/todo為……而準備、預定reachadoctor找到醫(yī)生
musthavedone一定是；想必是getatraining得到訓練aswellas……也secondto次于
getsb.into使某人進入/陷入
storyafterstory一個故事接著一個dayafterday一天又一天deliverababy給……接生makesure確保bythetime這時候carryon繼續(xù)
beconcernedabout對……關心put…todeath處死
devote…to…把……專注于……ratherthan不是……而是……meandoing意味著meantodo打算做……settledown安頓下來applyto應用到……bepreparedto已經(jīng)做好準備去做……preparetodo準備要做……
Unit2
ifso如果有……ifnot如果沒有……knowabout了解
callhimafarmer稱呼他為農(nóng)民inmanyways在許多方面strugglefor為……斗爭
thepastfivedecades過去的五十年beborninpoverty出生貧困graduatefrom畢業(yè)于……sincethen從那以后thanksto由于
rid…of…使……擺脫……besatisfiedwith對……滿足leada…life過著……生活careabout在意……usedto過去常常
beusedto被用來做；習慣于getusedto習慣于
prefertodosth.更喜歡做某事wishfor欲得到、愿得到nomatter無論inneedof需要referto談及；提到berichin富含
insistondoing堅持做……
readytodosth準備好要做沒某事beagainst反對
payattentionto注意；留心thatistosay換句說
becertain/suretodo確信會做某事
persuadesbtodosth說服某人干某事-結(jié)果成功advisesbtodosth勸說某人干某事-結(jié)果失敗
Unit3
bumpinto撞上(=knockinto)；碰見becontentwith對……滿足worseoff境況差
astonishsb.withsth.用某事物使某人震驚befamousfor由于……而著名inpoverty貧困bewellknown聞名besetin以……為背景insearchof尋找pickup撿起
becaughtin被困在……
pickout（用個人喜好或希望進行）挑選cutoff切下starin表演turninto變?yōu)閍skfor要求……nomorethan不超過
dowellin……（方面）做得好makeacupoftea泡茶bringout取出；闡明bringin引入 asenseof……觀念 Unit4 beinterestedin對……感興趣lookaround四周張望 sendsb.todo派遣某人……evenif盡管 meetwith(=comeinto)偶然碰到 mayhavedone某事可能已經(jīng)做了（或發(fā)生）reachout…for…伸出……去……notall不是所有 spokenlanguage口語closeto靠近 belikelyto有可能…… introducesth.tosb.向某人介紹……not…nor…既不……也不…… shakehandswith(=shakeone’shand)與某人握手allkindsof多種多樣的……besimilarto與……相似atease安逸 upanddown上下protectsbfromV-ing/sth從……保護某人withyourhandsalittleopen手微微張開bewillingto愿意去做…… looksb.intheeye正視/直視某人takeaction采取行動watchout小心 Unit5 providesb.with…提供……abit一會兒；一點兒suchas如…… avarietyof各種各樣的……charge…for…向……收費bebasedon以……為基礎notjust不僅僅 alongwith連同……；伴隨……cometolife活躍起來 havesthdone使得……；讓……被做benamedafter以……命名bedifferentfrom與……不同getcloseto靠近 learnabout（=learnof）學習；得知；聽到takeanactivepartin積極參與facetoface面對面tryout試驗 largeamountsof/alargeamountof大量（不可數(shù)）pointout指出atleast至少 1) in search of = in the search for尋找 2) search for sb/ sth尋找某人/物 3) search for sb/ sth搜查以尋找某人/物 4) decorate sth with用裝飾 5) decorate sth in/afterstyle按照風格裝飾 6) decorate for為裝飾 7) belong to屬于 8) in return for作為回報，作為報答(原因) 9) no doubt無疑地，很可能 10) without (a) doubt無疑地 11) beyond doubt毫無疑問(常作插入語) 12) in doubt感到懷疑的 13) be worth doing sth值得做某事 14) take apart拆開 15) come/ fall apart崩潰，瓦解 16) apart from除了以外都，除去 17) in evidence明顯的，顯而易見的 18) at the entrance to去的'入口 19) think highly/much/a lot of高度贊揚/評價 20) think little/poorly of忽視，不重視 21) in the fancy style流行式樣 22) at war處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài) 23) more/ less than多/少于 24) such an amazing history如此神奇的一段歷史=so amazing a history 25) cultural relics文化遺產(chǎn) 26) develop an interest in培養(yǎng)對的興趣 27) remain a mystery仍然是一個謎 28) a troop of his best soldiers他最好的一隊士兵 29) celebrate the 300th birthday慶祝第300個生日 30) agree with this opinion贊同這個觀點 31) see sth by the light of the moon借著光看見某物 32) the entrance to the mine礦洞的入口處 33) be used to do sth被用來做某事 34) in fact =as matter of fact事實上 35) add more details to添加更多細節(jié)到 36) care about關心 37) agree with sb同意某人的觀點 38) rather than而不是 39) at midnight在午夜 40) to ones surprise令某人感到驚喜 一. 直接引語和間接引語 一直接引述別人的原話，叫做直接引語;用自己話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，叫做間接引語。間接引語一般構(gòu)成賓語從句。直接引語必須放在引號內(nèi)，間接引語則不用引號。直接引語改為間接引語時，除將引語部分變成賓語從句外，還必須對直接引語中的人稱、時態(tài)、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等進行改變。 1. 時態(tài)的變化：直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，通常受轉(zhuǎn)述動詞said, asked等的影響而使用過去化的時態(tài)，即把原來的時態(tài)向過去推，也就是一般現(xiàn)在時變?yōu)橐话氵^去時，現(xiàn)在進行時變?yōu)檫^去進行時，等等。例如： Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.” →Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework. 2. 人稱代詞、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等等的變化：根據(jù)意義進行相應的變化，例如： She asked Jack,“Where have you been?” →She asked Jack where he had been. He said,“These books are mine.” →He said that those books were his. 二直接引語改為間接引語時，都使用陳述語序，但是因為原句的句式不同，所以變成間接引語時所用的連詞會有所不同。直接引語如果是一般疑問句，用連接詞whether或if;如果是特殊疑問句，則用疑問詞引導間接引語。轉(zhuǎn)述的動詞一般用asked，可以在其后加上一個間接賓語me, him, her, us等。如： She said,“Is your father at home?” →She asked me if/whether my father was at home. “What do you do every Sunday?”My friend asked me. →My friend asked me what I did every Sunday. 直接引語如果是祈使句，改為間接引語時，要將祈使句的動詞原形變?yōu)閹o的不定式，并在不定式的前面根據(jù)原句的語氣即請求或命令加上ask, tell, order等動詞，如果祈使句為否定式，則在不定式前加not。其句型為：ask / tell / order someone not to do something. 例如： She said to us,“Please sit down.” →She asked us to sit down. He said to him,“Go away!” →He ordered him to go away. He said, “Don’t make so much noise, boys.” →He told the boys not to make so much noise. 二. 各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài) 被動語態(tài)概述 被動語態(tài)的概念：它是動詞的一種形式，表示主語與謂語之間的執(zhí)行或被執(zhí)行關系。主動語態(tài)表示主語是謂語動作的執(zhí)行者，例如：They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被動語態(tài)表示主語是謂語動作的'承受者，例如：The little boy was seen crying by the river. 被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成 被動語態(tài)的形式是由“助動詞be+動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。助動詞be隨著主語的人稱、數(shù)、時態(tài)等的不同而變化。幾種常見時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)形式如下： 1. 一般現(xiàn)在時 am/is/are + 過去分詞 例如：Rice is planted in the south of China. 2. 一般過去時 was/were + 過去分詞 例如：These trees were planted the year before last. 3. 一般將來時 will/shall + be + 過去分詞 例如：A sports meeting will be held next week in our school. 4. 現(xiàn)在進行時 am/is/are + being + 過去分詞 例如：Your radio is being repaired now. 5. 過去進行時 was/were + being + 過去分詞 When he got there, the problem was being discussed. 6. 現(xiàn)在完成時 have/has + been + 過去分詞 His work has been finished. Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn’t. 7. 過去完成時 had + been + 過去分詞 注意： 1.除了be之外的其它系動詞如get, stay等也可以和過去分詞構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)。例如：Their questions haven’t got answered. 2. 含有情態(tài)動詞的謂語變成被動語態(tài)使用“情態(tài)動詞+ be + 過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如： More attention should be paid to the old in this country. This work can’t be done until Mr. Black comes. 3. 含有“be going to”, “be to”等結(jié)構(gòu)的謂語，其被動語態(tài)分別用“be going to + be + 過去分詞”和“be to + be + 過去分詞”。例如： The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting. All these books are to be taken to the library. 4. 被動語態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別：“連系動詞+用作表語的過去分詞”構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu)，與被動語態(tài)的形式完全一樣，所以應注意它們的區(qū)別。被動語態(tài)中的過去分詞是動詞，多強調(diào)動作;系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的過去分詞相當于形容詞，多強調(diào)狀態(tài)。前者通常可用by 引出動作的執(zhí)行者，而后者則不可以。例如： The map was changed by someone.被動結(jié)構(gòu) That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.系表結(jié)構(gòu) 系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的過去分詞通常可被very修飾，被動語態(tài)中的過去分詞往往要用much修飾。 例如： He was very excited.系表結(jié)構(gòu) He was much excited by her words.被動結(jié)構(gòu) 5. 主動形式表被動意義。有些動詞的主動形式有被動意味，如 open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write等。此時句子的主語一般是物。例如： These books sell well. 這些書很暢銷。 The door won’t shut. 這門關不上。 The clothes wash well. 這些衣服很好洗。 Unit 1 1. be good to 對……友好 be good for 對……有益; 2. add up 加起來;增加 add up to 合計，總計 add… to 把……加到…… 3. not…until/till 意思是“直到…才” 4. get sth/sb done 使……完成/使某人被…… 5. calm down平靜下來 6. be concerned about 關心;關注 7. 當while, when, before, after 等引導的時間狀語從句中的主語與主句的主語一致時，可將從句中的主語和be動詞省去。 While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose. 8. cheat in the exam 9. go through 經(jīng)歷;度過;獲準，通過 10. hide away 躲藏;隱藏 11. set down 寫下，記下 12. I wonder if….. 我不知道是不是…. 12. on purpose 故意 13. sth happen to sb 某人發(fā)生某事 sb happen to do sth 某人碰巧做某事 it so happened that ……正巧;碰巧 14. It is the first second… that… 從句謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時 15. in one’s power 處于……的控制之中 16. It’s no pleasure doing…. 做…..沒有樂趣 It’s no good/ use doing sth. 做某事是沒好處/沒用的 17. She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place. it做形式賓語 18. suffer from 患…病;遭受 19. so…that… /such…thay… 20. get tired of…. 對…感到勞累;疲憊 21. have some trouble with sb/sth. 在……上遇到了麻煩 22. get along with sb/sth. 與某人相處 23. asksbfor advice. 向某人征求建議 24. make 后接復合賓語，賓語補足語須用不帶to 的不定式、形容詞、過去分詞、名詞等。常見的有以下幾種形式: make sb. do sth.使某人做某事 make sb. /sth. +adj. 使某人/物… make sb./ oneself +v-ed 讓某人/自己被… When you speak, you should make yourself understood. make sb.+n. 使某人成為… 25. alone /lonely. 單獨的/孤獨的 26. I would be grateful if… 委婉客氣提出請求 27. Why not do….. = why don’t you do… Unit 2 1. because of 因為…… 注意和because 的區(qū)別 2. even if = even thoug即使，用來引導讓步狀語從句 3. come up 走上前來，走近，發(fā)生，出現(xiàn) come up with 追上，趕上，提出 4. communicate with sb 和某人交流 5. be different from… 與……不同 be different in … 在……方面不同 Most of my projects are different in performance. 我多數(shù)作品的演奏風格都不同。 6. be based on 以……為基礎 7. at present 目前，眼下 for the present眼前;暫時 8. make good/better/fulluse of 9. the latter后者 the former 前者 10. a large number of 大量的 the number of …的數(shù)量 11. such as 例如 12. hold on 堅持住，握住不放;打電話時等—會 13. … you will hear the difference in the waythat/ in which people speak. 你會聽出人們在說話時的差異。 14. play a role/ part in 在…中擔任角色;在…中起作用;扮演一個角色 15. the same …as… 與……一樣 16. at the top of…在…頂上 at the bottom of 在……底部 17. bring up 教養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育;提出 18. request sb not to do sth. 要求某人做/不要做某事 19. be satisfied with…對……感到滿意，滿足于 20. suggest v. request，insist… I suggested you do what he says. 我建議你按照他說的去做。 I suggest you not go tomorrow. 我想你明天還是不要去了。 His pale face suggested that he was in bad health. 他蒼白的臉色暗示了他身體不好。 注意：insist 意思為“堅持要求”時后面的that從句用虛擬語氣;如果insist 意為“強調(diào)，堅持認為”的時候，從句可以用任何所需要的時態(tài)。例如：She insisted that she didn’t tell a lie.她堅持認為她沒撒謊。 21. according to…. 按照… 根據(jù)… Unit 3 1.prefer Prefer doing …to doing… Prefer to do rather than do 2.advantages /disadvantages 優(yōu)勢/劣勢 2.Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip. 從高中起，我姐姐王維和我就一直夢想做一次偉大的自行車旅行。 連詞since 引導的時間狀語從句用一般過去時，介詞since 與時間點連用 It is/has been+一段時間+since+一般過去時;自從……至今已經(jīng)多久了。 3. persuade sb to do sth= persuade sb into doing sth 說服某人做某事 4. 強調(diào)句型 It is/was+被強調(diào)部分+that/who 強調(diào)句型可以強調(diào)除謂語動詞以外的任何句子成份。一般來說，如果被強調(diào)部分是人時，用連詞that或who;如果被強調(diào)部分是物，只能用連詞that。 not … until 的強調(diào)句 5.be fond of 喜歡，喜愛 6. Although 盡管，雖然，引導讓步狀語從句 ① although 從句多在句首， though 從句可在主句前、中、后任何位置，而且though 可以作副詞用于句末，作“但是，不過”講，而although 無此用法。 ② as though仿佛，好像，even though即使，盡管中不能用although。 ③ though 引導的讓步狀語從句可以倒裝將表語、狀語、情態(tài)動詞后的動詞原形前置到句首，此用法同as,而 although 不可以。 7. insist on doing sth/ sth. 一定要、堅持主張 She insists on getting up early and playing her radio loudly. 她老是一大早起來把收音機音量開大 11.care about 關心;在乎 care for 喜歡，照料，照顧 12.change one’s mind 改變主意 13. experience 經(jīng)歷/經(jīng)驗 14. Once 可作為從屬連詞，作“一旦……就……”解，連接一個表示時間的狀語從句。從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時現(xiàn)在完成時表將來。 Once you have begun you must continue. 15. give in 讓步 give up 放棄 16. instead of 代替，而不是 17. make up one’s mind to do下定決心做某事 18.a large parcel of 一大包 19.as usual 像往常一樣 20.put up our tent 搭帳篷 21.stay awake 睡不著，醒著 stay up 熬夜 22. for company 做伴 23.lie beneath the stars 躺在星空下 24.can hardly wait to do=can’t wait to do迫不及待做某事 25.go in the right direction 走正確的方向 26. at a very slow pace. 以很慢的速度 27.be similar to 類似于 28.afford to do sth 付得起，能承擔 29.be tired from 因……而疲勞 be tired of 對……厭倦 30. be in high spirits 喜氣洋洋，興高采烈 31.come true 實現(xiàn)，成真 32. give sb some advice on doing... 33. a guide to… ……的指南 34.on a tour 在游覽中，在巡演中 35.in detail 詳細地 一、知識點 1. A great person is a someone who devotes his/her life to helping others. 偉人是把自己的生命奉獻給幫助別人的人。 (He started to study ecology and decided to devote his whole life to the science.他開始研究生態(tài)學，并決心將他的一生獻身于這門科學。He devoted himself entirely to music.他將一生奉獻給了音樂。) 2. fight against對抗，反對，與……作斗爭 We are all brothers in the same fight against injustice.在共同反對非正義行為的斗爭中,我們都是同志. People often have to fight for their liberty.人們往往不得不為自由而戰(zhàn)。 He and his wife are always fighting about who will take after the children.他與他妻子總是在為由誰來照看孩子而吵架。 3. He worked selflessly in China as a doctor and saved many Chinese soldiers.作為一個醫(yī)生他無私地在中國工作，并且拯救了很多中國戰(zhàn)士。 4. He strongly believed in the three principles: nationalism; people’s rights; people’s livelihood.他主張三民主義：民主、民權(quán)、民生。 5. be free from免于，不受 A judge must be free from prejudice.法官必須不抱成見。 6. in a peaceful way以和平的'方式 7. be in prison入獄，在獄中服刑in the prison在監(jiān)獄 8. the same…as…和……一樣 9. the first man to land on the moon第一個登上月球的人 10. The time when I first met him was a very difficult period of my life.第一次見到他的時候是在我一生中非常艱難的時期。(定語從句) 11. He was generous with his time,for which I was grateful.他十分慷慨地給予我時間，我為此非常感激。(He is generous with his money.他花錢大方。I am grateful to you for helping me.感謝你的幫助。Our grateful thanks are due to you.我們衷心感謝你。) 12. have little education受的教育少 13. I could not read or write well.我既不會讀也不會寫。 14. I worried about whether I would become out of work.我擔心我是不是會失業(yè)。 15. I became more hopeful about my future.我對自己的未來充滿了希望。(I am hopeful that she will come tomorrow.我對她明天要來抱著希望。) 16. as soon as I could盡快，馬上 17. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. (定語從句)過去30年來所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪我們的權(quán)利，阻擋我們的進步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什么權(quán)利都沒有的階段。 (The 19th century saw many changes.許多變革發(fā)生于19世紀。at an early stage in our history在我們的歷史早期) 18. …we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government.我們被置于這樣一個境地：要么我們被迫接受低人一等的現(xiàn)實，要么跟政府作斗爭。 19. Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.只有到這個時候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。(Only位于句首，修飾副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句時，句子采用部分倒裝的語序;修飾狀語從句時，只有主句采用部分倒裝的語序。 如：① Only in this way can you come up with a solution to the problem.只有這樣，你才能想出解決這個問題的辦法。 ② Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.叫了三次他才來參加會議。 ③ Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed.病的很重時，他才臥床休息。 Only then did I realize my mistake.直到那時我才知道我的錯誤.) 語法 一、結(jié)構(gòu):現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)就是現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)和被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的疊合, 即"have+been+動詞過去分詞"。 二、用法:現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)常用于以下兩種情況: (1)主謂關系被動,而且謂語動作從過去一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在; (2)主謂關系被動,而且謂語動作發(fā)生在過去,但已對現(xiàn)在造成影響或結(jié)果。 三、現(xiàn)在完成時主動句和被動句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換:如果要將現(xiàn)在完成時的`主動句轉(zhuǎn)換成被動句,則要把其賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z,謂語動詞變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu),主語變?yōu)橛山樵~引導的狀語或直接將其省略;反之,如果要把被動句變?yōu)橹鲃泳?則恢復其原來的主語,謂語動詞套用主動結(jié)構(gòu)。 不定式作主語 不定式作主語，往往用it作形式主語，真正的主語不定式放至句子的后面。 例如：It's so nice to hear your voice. 聽到你的聲音真高興。 It's necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it. 不用車的時候，鎖車是有必要的。 It's very kind of you to help us. 他幫助我們，他真好。 It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不給他們?nèi)魏螙|西，這顯得太自私了。 但是，用不定式作主語的句子中還有一個不定式作表語時，不能用It is… to…的句型。另外，這樣的句子，不能用動名詞作表語。 It's for sb.和 It's of sb. 這樣的句子中，由于表語形容詞性質(zhì)的不同，導致了不定式邏輯主語標志用for或of的'區(qū)別。 1)for sb. 句型中的形容詞一般為表示事物的特征特點，表示客觀形式的形容詞，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：例如： It's very hard for him to study two languages. 對他來說學兩門外語是很難的。 2)of sb句型中的形容詞一般為表示性格，品德，心智能力，表示主觀感情或態(tài)度的形容詞，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。例如： It's very nice of you to help me. 你來幫助我，你真是太好了。 用for還是用of 的另一種辨別方法： 用介詞for或of后面的邏輯主語作句子的主語，用介詞前邊的形容詞作表語，造個句子。如果通順用of，不通則用for。例如： You are nice. (通順，所以應用of)。 He is hard. (非所表達的意思，不通，因此用for。) 核心單詞 1、 persuade vt。說服；勸服；使相信（同convince） 常用結(jié)構(gòu)： persuade sb。 of sth。使某人相信某事 persuade sb。 to do sth。說服某人做某事 persuade sb。 into doing sth。說服某人做某事 persuade sb。 out of doing sth。說服某人不要做某事 persuade sb。 that—clause使某人相信…… 聯(lián)想拓展 talk sb。 into/out of doing sth。=reason sb。 into/out of doing sth。 說服某人做/不做某事 trick sb。 into/out of doing sth。誘使某人做/不做某事 urge sb。 into/out of doing sth。慫恿某人做/不做某事 易混辨析 advise/persuade advise強調(diào)"勸告，建議"的動作，不注重結(jié)果；而persuade強調(diào)"已經(jīng)說服"，重在結(jié)果。用法上：advise可跟v。—ing形式作賓語，也可以接that—clause （that sb。 should do），而persuade則不能。 I persuaded him of its truth。我使他相信這是真的。 We will persuade him to take the medicine。 我們將說服他把藥吃下去。 We persuaded her into taking the job。 我們說服她接受了這份工作。 I persuaded my father out of smoking。 我勸服父親戒了煙。 【高一英語知識點總結(jié)】相關文章： 高一英語知識點總結(jié)10-08 高一英語知識點總結(jié)10-06 高一英語的知識點總結(jié)08-15 高一英語知識點總結(jié)07-01 高一英語知識點總結(jié)【熱門】10-08 (熱)高一英語知識點總結(jié)10-10 [熱]高一英語知識點總結(jié)11-18 高一英語下冊知識點總結(jié)12-10高一英語知識點總結(jié)10
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