have的的用法
助動詞have以及它的變體has, had等的主要用法如下：
1. have +過去分詞，構(gòu)成完成時態(tài)。如：
He has left for Japan. 他已去了日本。
We’ve just done the washing-up. 我們剛洗完碗碟。
Poor Jim has just had an accident. 可憐的吉姆剛出了個事故。
I have had this car for three years. 這輛汽車我已用了3年了。
By the end of last month, they had finished the work. 上月未他們就已經(jīng)完成了工作。
2. have + been +現(xiàn)在分詞，構(gòu)成完成進(jìn)行時。如：
I have been studying English for 8 years. 我學(xué)英語已達(dá)八年了。
The children have been having a lot of run. 孩子們一直玩得很開心。
We had been doing business with each other for years before we quarreled. 在吵翻之前，我們多年來在業(yè)務(wù)上一直來往。
By this time next year, we will have been doing business with each other for 20 years. 到明年這時候，我們的業(yè)務(wù)住來就滿20年了。
I woke up—I had been having a bad dream. 我醒了，我做了個噩夢。
3. have+been +過去分詞，構(gòu)成完成式被動語態(tài)。如：
English has been taught in China for many years. 中國教英語已經(jīng)多年。
I have been made redundant, so I’m going abroad. 我被定成了超編人員，所以我打算出國。
Thousands of pounds have been spent on the new hospital. 這家新醫(yī)院花費(fèi)了數(shù)千英鎊。
None of my friends have been invited to the party. 我的朋友中沒有一個被邀參加晚會。
All means have been used to get him to change his mind. 為了轉(zhuǎn)變他的想法，所有的辦法都用過了
have和has的用法區(qū)分
have 是動詞原形i have,we have,you have,they have,to have...
has 是第三人稱單數(shù)時用 he has,she has,it has
have用于第一人稱(I,we),第二人稱(you),及第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)(they);has用于第三人稱單數(shù)(he,she,it)或單數(shù)名詞.
have/has的句型轉(zhuǎn)換
1.否定句
主語+don't (doesn't)+have +….例：
We don't have any water here.我們這兒沒有水.
This wall doesn't have a window in it.這面墻上沒有一個窗戶.
2.一般疑問句：
Do (Does)+主語+have+…?
肯定回答：Yes,主語+do (does).
否定回答：No,主語+don't (doesn't).例：
—Do you have a ruler?你有尺子嗎?
—Yes,I do ./No,I don't.是的,我有./不,我沒有.
—Does Lucy have a twin sister?露茜有個孿生姐姐嗎?
—Yes,she does./No,she doesn't.是的,有./不,沒有.
注意：do,does是助動詞,do用于第一、二人稱單、復(fù)數(shù)和第三人稱復(fù)數(shù);does用于第三人稱單數(shù)形式.回答一般疑問句時,主語用人稱代詞表示;否定回答中don't或doesn't 一般不分開寫.
注意：have (has)表示“有”時,一般不用于進(jìn)行時態(tài).
另外,在現(xiàn)代英語中,當(dāng)“有”講時,have/has的一般疑問句可以把have/has直接提前,當(dāng)have/has作助詞時表示完成時態(tài)時也可以直接提前.例：
They have a book.Have they a book?
3.“have”與“there be句型”的區(qū)別
have意為“有”,指所屬關(guān)系;there be表示“某地有某物”,意指“存在”.例：
There's a book on the desk.桌子上有本書.
Xiao Wang has an English-Chinese dictionary.小王有本英漢字典.
have/has的用法口訣動詞
have表示“有”，
位置就在主語后。
“三單”主語用has，
其他人稱用have。
一般問句句首do/does添。
否定句子也一樣，
don’t /doesn’t主語后面站。
1.A dog has four legs.
2.Our school has a library.
3.We have 37 chairs in our classroom.
4.My sister has a nice toy car.
5.Does that girl have a doll?
have的的用法例句
1 Alex has already gone
亞歷克斯已經(jīng)走了。
2 When I met her, she had just returned from a job interview
我遇見她時，她剛參加完一場求職面試回來。
3 You haven't sent her away, have you?
你還沒有把她送走，是嗎?
4 He arrived in San Francisco, having left New Jersey on January 19th
1月19日離開新澤西后，他到了舊金山。
5 I went out and had a walk around
我出去在周圍散了一會兒步。
使役動詞have的用法
一. have sb do sth
此結(jié)構(gòu)意為“讓/請某人做某事”，賓語是賓語補(bǔ)足語所表示動作的執(zhí)行者，但賓語補(bǔ)足語表示的動作卻發(fā)生在have動作之后，即賓語補(bǔ)足語所表示的動作在當(dāng)時尚未發(fā)生。例如：
The soldiers had him stand with his back to his father.
士兵們讓這男孩背對他父親站著。
The teacher had us hand in our homework on time.
老師讓我們按時交作業(yè)。
We had Alice attend that meeting with him.
我們讓艾麗斯與他一起參加了那個會議。
注意：此結(jié)構(gòu)用于否定句中時，常含“不能容忍、不允許”之意。例如：
I won”t have you say such things.
我可不允許你說這樣的話。
We”ll never have such things happen again.
我們決不允許類似的事情再次發(fā)生。
二. have sb / sth doing sth
在have sb / sth doing sth中，doing sth為現(xiàn)在分詞短語，在句中作賓語補(bǔ)足語;sb / sth與doing之間存在著邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。有以下兩種主要用法：
1. 多表示“讓某人/某物處于做某事的狀態(tài)”，此時have也可由keep來代替。例如：
His parents had him staying at home all the time.
他父母親讓他一直呆在家里。
The night before the procession, the two cheats had their lights burning all night long.
在舉行游行的前一天夜里，那兩個騙子讓燈整夜亮著。
We have never had women working in this part of our company before.
我們以前從來沒有讓女性在公司的這個部門工作過。
2. won”t / can”t have sb / sth doing sth含“不允許或禁止”之意，通常可由not allow / not permit / forbid + sb / sth +to do替換。例如：
I can”t have you catching cold. Run and change your wet clothing.
我不能讓你感冒了。快去把濕衣服換掉。
George, I won”t have you shouting at me that way!
喬治，我不允許你那樣對我大吵大叫。
We can”t have them forcing their views on everyone else.
我們不容許他們把自己的觀點(diǎn)強(qiáng)加于其他所有的人。
三. have sth done
在此結(jié)構(gòu)中，賓語與賓語補(bǔ)足語之間有著邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，所以賓語補(bǔ)足語一般由及物動詞的過去分詞充當(dāng)。這個結(jié)構(gòu)一般有以下三種不同的意思：
1. 表示“請/讓/叫別人(為自己)做某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語的意志。例如：
To keep the enemy out of his empire, Emperor Qin Shihuang had all the walls joined up.
為御敵于國門之外，秦始皇令人將所有的邊墻連成一體。
Mr Howe wants to have his washing machine repaired.
豪先生想請人為他修理洗衣機(jī)。
Mrs Smith had two of her teeth taken out last week.
上個星期史密斯夫人請人拔掉她的兩顆壞牙。
2. 表示“遭遇某種不幸的事情”，說明賓語遭遇的是一種意外的事故，并不著重說明“是誰使他遭遇這種災(zāi)難”。例如：
I had my wallet stolen on my way home last Monday.
上星期一我在回家的路上，錢包被(人)偷了。
Houses near airports sometimes have their windows broken by the noise of jet planes passing overhead.
機(jī)場附近房屋的窗戶有時被上空掠過的噴氣式飛機(jī)的響聲震破。
Workers in some industries have their hearing harmed by the noise of the machines.
在一些產(chǎn)業(yè)中，工人的聽力常被機(jī)器噪音所損害。
3. 表示“使完成某事”。強(qiáng)調(diào)事情的結(jié)果，而不強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者。此事可以是別人完成的，也可以是自己參與完成的。例如：
We must have the work finished before the hurricane comes.
我們必須在颶風(fēng)到來之前完成這項(xiàng)工作。(“我們”可能參加這項(xiàng)工作，也可能沒參加。)
She told me she had her house repaired.
她告訴我她的房屋修好了。(“她”可能參加了修理工作，也可能沒有參加。)
The nurse will have your temperature taken.
護(hù)士要量你的體溫。(主語The nurse參與完成。)
I have your medicine prepared now.
我已經(jīng)把你的藥準(zhǔn)備好了。(主語I可能參與完成。)
四. have+賓語+形容詞/副詞/介詞短語
此結(jié)構(gòu)表示主語“讓某物或某事處于某種狀態(tài)，或使某人到某處”。用作賓語補(bǔ)足語的形容詞、副詞或介詞短語常含有動向意義。因此，賓語(人或物)與賓語補(bǔ)足語之間也存在著邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。例如：
It is too hot, so you must have all the windows open.
天氣太熱，你們得讓所有的窗戶都開著。
It”s sunny today. You”d better have your flowers out.
今天天氣晴朗，你最好把你的花搬到外面去。
Tom is ill. So his mother has him to the doctor”s.
湯姆病了，因此他媽媽讓他去看病。
He looked very fat because he had cushions under his robe.
他看起來非常胖;因?yàn)樗麑④泬|子塞進(jìn)了袍子里面