一 重點短語
1 break down（機器）壞掉，（人）垮掉，（談判，計劃）失敗，分解
聯想：break up分散，（關系）破裂 break through 突破break in（vi.）闖入，插嘴
break into（vt.）闖入；突然大哭／大笑 break off中斷，折斷 break away from擺脫
2 leave sb/sth alone不理會 leave sth behind遺留；留下 leave out 遺漏，漏掉
leave +n.+adj/adv. 使…處于某種狀態
eg,He question left me speechless. Don’t leave your work half done.
She left her baby crying. Leave them as they are.
3 defend/protect … against(from)保護…免受…
4 keep sb/sth alive讓…生存，保留下來 come alive活躍起來
5 cure sb of sth 治愈某人的疾病；改掉某人的惡習
eg,Moving to the countryside cured her of asthma.搬到鄉下他的哮喘就好了。
eg,The painful lesson cured him of the bad habit of drinking and driving.
那次慘痛的教訓根除了他酒后駕車的壞毛病。
6 be infected with/contract disease感染疾病 transmit/spread disease傳播疾病
(feelings)infect sb情緒感染某人eg,Her enthusiasm infected the whole class.
7 blood transfusion輸血
8 because of a lack of/for lack of/in the absence of 因為缺乏
9 as with/as is the case with/in common with同…一樣
10 the+adj.表示一類人：the young(=young people) ,the rich（富人）,the poor（窮人）
the dead（死者）,the living,（生者）,the accused(被告)
表示抽象化事物：the beatuiful(=beauty)美的事物，the impossible不可能的事情
11 suffer from (a disease)患有某種疾病
eg, suffer from a bad cold/loss of memory/somnia患重感冒，失憶癥，失眠
suffer+n. 遭受，經歷（痛苦，損失）
eg, suffer pain/torture/defeat/damage/loss遭受痛苦，折磨，失敗，破壞，損失
12 be available 可獲得的，可用的；有空的，不忙的
eg,The library is available for the students. 圖書館對學生開放。
Sorry,I’m not available for the comment.我現在沒時間做評論。
13 much too expensive（adj.）太貴 too much expense(n.)花銷太大
14 spend/waste(time/money…)doing花費,浪費…做
15 discourage sb from doing阻止，打消某人做
16 cheer(sb)up使振作起來
17 get/keep(stay)/lose contact(touch) with 與某人取得，保持，失去聯系
put sb in contact(touch)with使某人與…取得聯系 contact lenses 隱形眼鏡
18 persuade sb to do/into doing（talk sb into doing）說服某人做
persuade sb not to do/out of doing說服某人不做
persuade sb of sth=convince sb of sth使某人相信，信服
eg,We finally persuaded her of his innocence.
19 live with/come to terms with/put up with忍受，忍耐
live through 歷經過 live up to不負（盛名），不辜負，符合（標準） live on以…為食
20 develop AIDS（逐漸）患上（疾病） develop films沖洗膠片 develop new drugs 研發新藥
develop mind and body發展身心 develop the habit of(逐步)養成習慣
develop an interest in培養興趣 develop a friendship with 培養友誼
21 as long as/only if/on condition that/provided that…（表條件）只要
22 be immune to 對…免疫，不受其影響
23 have sb do/doing讓某人做 eg,Mr wu had us clean the classroom.
Eg, He had us laughing all through the class. 他讓我們整堂課笑個不停。
have sb/sth done (表被動)
eg,Mum took me to the hospital to have me examined. / eg,I must have my hair cut.
24 be diagnosed with被診斷出
25 disrupt traffic/public order擾亂交通，社會治安
26 recover from 從…中恢復，痊愈 recover from a cold/ the shock感冒痊愈，從打擊中恢復
recover consciousness恢復知覺 recover one’s hearing/sight 恢復聽力，視力
recover oneself恢復健康；情緒平穩下來
27 keep/stop/prevent/ban/prohibit sb/sth from doing阻止某人（某事）發生
28 on the contrary相反 be contrary to 與之相反
29 for the moment 暫時，暫且 for a moment 一會兒 the moment…(as soon as)當…時刻
30 be free from擺脫，不受影響 eg,I want to be free from the life of pressure and anxiety.
31 think of ..as/look on..as/regard …as/consider..as/view ..as/count…as把…看作
32 teach sb a lesson給…一個教訓
33take/grasp/seize a chance把握／抓住機會
34 to the fullest最充分 live life to the fullest把生活過地充實
二、重點句子
1 AIDS is a disease that breaks down the body’s immune system and leaves a person defenceless against infections and illnesses.
2 People transmit HIV by having unprotected sex,by receiving infected blood transfusions or through birth.
3 The disease is spreading fast in Africa ,mainly because of a lack of proper health care.
4 As with most diseases and disasters, the young suffer the most.
5 If I were to live long enough to have a job,I would choose to be a doctor.
6 I wish people would find out the facts and not act as if I were a bad or dangerous person.
7 The cancer in my body has been defeated for the moment,but I know that I will never be completely free from it .
8 Living with cancer has made me realise how precious life is and how important it is for us to take every chance to live life to the fullest.
三、語法(虛擬語氣1)
1.wish帶賓語從句常用虛擬：
I wish she were here with me and that we weren’t sick.（表現在的虛擬）
I wish I hadn’t made such a foolish mistake.（表過去的虛擬）
I wish AIDS could be cured some day.（表將來的虛擬）
Unit8 first aid
一 重點短語
1 catch fire著火 play with fire玩火；做危險的事
set sth on fire/set fire to縱火，放火 make a fire 生火
2 within/beyond one’s reach范圍之內／之外 reach out/hold out(one’s hand)伸出手
3 upside down顛倒著
4 witness(an accident…) 目睹，目擊 be witness to 是…目擊證人
eg: The year 2008 witnessed （見證）a great event-2008 Olmpic Games in China.
5 keep/bear sth in mind將…記住 have sth in mind心里想
6 stay/remain calm保持冷靜 calm down 冷靜下來
7 get into a panic/ be in(a)panic陷入恐慌
8 respond/react to 對…做出反應，回應 in response to作為對…的回應
eg, The school had to stop teaching classes during the vacation in response to public pressure.
在公眾壓力下，學校只有停止假日期間補課。
9 sentence sb to death/three years’ imprisonment 判處某人死刑，三年有期徒刑
eg,The criminal Xiong Zhenlin has been sentenced to death for his brutal and savage crime.（野蠻殘暴的罪行）。
10 recommend sth to sb把…推薦給某人 eg,Will you recommend a good dictionary to me?
recommend doing sth建議做… eg,The doctor recommended taking the medicine after the meal.
recommend sb to do eg,The doctor recommended me to take the medicine after the meal.
recommend that...(should )do… = recommended that I should take the medicine….
It’s strongly recommended that …(should )do強烈建議做…
11 the accident scene事故現場
12 be conscious/aware of (doing) sth意識到，注意到，明白
be conscious/aware that…
13…is on the way/around the corner/drawing near/approaching臨近，靠近
14 in honor of 為了向…表示敬意，為了紀念 have the honor of doing….有做…的榮幸
eg,May I have the honor of dining with you tonight?我能榮幸地請你共進晚餐嗎？
= Will you do me the honor of dining with you tonight?您能賞臉與我共進晚餐嗎？
15 spit(sth)out吐出 聯想：throw up(vomit)嘔吐
16 search sp for sb/sth 搜尋某地 search sb搜身 search for sb搜尋某人
二、重點句子
1 People who have witnessed an accident often wish that they had done things differently.
2 Seconds count in an emergency.（分秒必爭）First impressions do really count .
3 The most important thing to keep in mind when dealing with an emergency is to stay calm.
4 If we were to get hurt(by)trying to save someone,we would not be able to help.
5 The question will also calm the person,letting him know that help is on the way.
6 If the person is not breathing,we must try to start his breathing at once,using the mouth-to-mouth method.
7 We should never try to revive a person unless(=if not) we know how to do it.
三、語法(虛擬語氣2)
2. if 的非真實條件句：
①If I were you,I would give an AIDS patient a hug. （表現在的虛擬）
If I had a lot of money, I would travel around the world.
②If I had known more about giving first aid,I could have helped them.（表過去的虛擬）
If the hurricane had happened during the daytime,there would have been many more deaths.
③If we were to panic,we would not be able to help.(將來的虛擬)
注意 ：表將來的虛擬有三種形式
If you were to fail tomorrow,you wouldn’t get anything.
If you failed tomorrow, you wouldn’t get anything
If you should fail tomorrow, you wouldn’t get anything
3．混合虛擬的使用：（根據時間或語境的提示）
If I had worked harder at school,I would be sitting in the comfortable office now.
If I were 10 years younger now,I would have got that job then.
4. if 在虛擬語氣中省略，結構要倒裝(助動詞提到主語前面)：
Were I you (If I were you), I would do it another way.
Had I known the truth,(If I had known the truth)I wouldn’t have helped him.
5. 表示建議，命令，要求的動詞帶從句，謂語動詞通常(should)do,如：recommend,suggest,advise,insist,require,request,order,command ,etc.
eg,Many hospitals recommend that we (should)use DR ABC .
6.另外，一些特殊句式習慣上采用虛擬語氣：
①It’s time that we paid a visit to our mother school.
② I’d rather (=wish)that I hadn’t met you yesterday.
③They are talking as if there were friends.
④If only I would be admitted to Peking university.
⑤ I would appreciate it if you would turn the radio down.