模塊一 第一單元
詞匯過(guò)關(guān)
1.重點(diǎn)單詞拼寫(xiě)
1) She is 70 years old, and the skin has become l .
2) It is a idea to play football all day without a break.
3) We usually use g , such as waving, nodding our heads, to talk to people who is far away.
4) To avoid this pollution disaster in the future, we should not i it anymore and please try to pay more attention to our atmosphere.
5）Thank you for your c about the matter of the hawkers in Tak Tai Street.
6) The Smiths are tired of moving now and then and when they got to this little town of California, they finally s down.
7) Most of the farmers in my hometown go out to work at dawn and get back at d .
8) Unlike the grown-ups, most of the t in middle schools are more sensitive than rational.
9) Sorry, I’m not so sure. If you could give me some t , perhaps I could know the answer.
10) “Oh, Sam, I’m only having you on. No need to be u .” said
Frodo.
2. 重點(diǎn)詞詞形變換
1）It would be to demand of a person who is lack of power of
to become a detective. That’s one of the why I think he is more suitable to be a worker. (reason)
2) Joanna is quite angry that she was by the boss in this task. But in fact I think if she thinks so, she is merely for she is completely in of this task. (ignore)
3) No man can imagine the he got when he lost the game. In fact he was a . He had the ability to win, but he was forced to lose the game. It was for him. (suffer)
4) All the members came to an that Kitty had an voice and that only when she to, should we ask someone else to represent our school to take part in the speech contest. (agree)
5) The doctor asked the patient to be confident in his from the disease, for this kind of disease is , and he was strong enough to from it soon. (recover)
6) The new-born baby was an to the family. “And it brings some
cost to the family.” the mother. (add)
7) Though Tom and John are not very , they can in sign language, which is a common method of between the blind. (communicate)
8) Though Shella tried her best to win the praise of the master on , she still failed it. She was so upset that she wandered in the street . (purpose)
9) As far as I’m , the accident is no of mine, but it my friend. (concern)
10) The two claimed to be born in , and that they knew no other language but . (German)
1.短語(yǔ)積累
add up 把某物加起來(lái)
get sth done 讓某事被做
calm down 安靜下來(lái)；讓某人安靜下來(lái)
be concerned about 關(guān)心；擔(dān)心
go through 經(jīng)歷；遭受；檢查；討論；被通過(guò)
set down 放下；記下；讓某人下車(chē)
a series of 一系列
to do with 處理
on purpose 故意地；有目的地
at dusk 黃昏時(shí)
face to face 面對(duì)面
no longer 不再
take no notice of 不注意
suffer from 受某事之折磨
get tired of 對(duì)某事感到厭煩
have trouble with 做某事有麻煩
at the moment 目前；現(xiàn)在
get along with 與某人相處
fall in love with 愛(ài)上某人
make friends with 與某人交朋友
2. 從上面列舉的短語(yǔ)中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)模钊胂旅娴目崭裰?/p>
1) When you these numbers, you will see how many points you have got.
2) Although he is 20 years old now, he still living alone. He even doesn’t know how to wash clothes.
3) Because he of what the teacher said, he didn’t know what he should do.
4) When John and his wife had some arguments, they would sit down together and discuss the problem .
5) Sorry. I didn’t mean to hurt you . I had wanted to throw at the dog.
6) Our parents us all the time while we children seldom take care of them.
7) He was too scared and didn’t know what the accident.
8) At the first sight the boy the pretty girl although he didn’t know whether she loved him.
9) You are a little baby. You must learn to look after yourself now.
10) I too much bad luck. I don’t care to have one more.
重要句型
1. But your friend can’t go until he/she finishes cleaning his/her bicycle.（P1）
not...until……句型：“直到……才”，主句動(dòng)詞一般需要用短暫性動(dòng)詞，如：finish, hand in, die, go, begin等等。
【詞匯網(wǎng)絡(luò)】not...until可以變化為更加地道的英語(yǔ)句型：
Not until...did/will sb do sth
It was/is not until...that sb did/will do sth
即時(shí)強(qiáng)化練習(xí)：
用not until翻譯下列句子，每句至少用三種句式。
1）直到我去到百貨商店我才發(fā)現(xiàn)沒(méi)帶錢(qián)包。
2）直到她的先生消失在她的視線范圍之外，她才痛哭失聲。
2. It /This/That is (was) the first/second/third/last time that...某人第一（二，三，最后等）次做某事
在此句型中，若主句時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，即用is，以that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。若主句時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，即用was，以that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。
This is the first time that I have ever enjoyed this kind of food.
這是我第一次吃這種食品。
It was the third time that he had been informed of the change of the meeting.
這是他第三次被告知會(huì)議作了改變。
即時(shí)強(qiáng)化練習(xí)：
翻譯下列句子：オ
1) 那已經(jīng)是我第五次離開(kāi)家到廣州去學(xué)習(xí)。
2) 這是我第一次有機(jī)會(huì)跟你們面對(duì)面地交流。
目標(biāo)解讀
1. Ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down.(P1)
calm v. & adj.
1) vt.使平靜，使鎮(zhèn)靜
The nurse calmed the little boy by giving him some candy.
保育員給那小男孩一些糖果，使他安靜了下來(lái)。
He took a deep breath to calm himself.
他深吸了一口氣以使自己平靜下來(lái)。
2) vi.平靜下來(lái)，鎮(zhèn)靜下來(lái)
The excited football fans calmed down at last.
激動(dòng)的足球迷最終平靜了下來(lái)。
3) adj. （心境）平靜的，鎮(zhèn)靜的，沉著的; (天氣)平靜無(wú)風(fēng)的；
（時(shí)代）和平安寧的
The sea was calm after the storm.
經(jīng)過(guò)這場(chǎng)風(fēng)暴后，大海平靜下來(lái)了。
After the storm it became calm again.
暴風(fēng)雨過(guò)后，天氣又恢復(fù)了平靜無(wú)風(fēng)。
He was calm when I told him the bad news.
當(dāng)我告訴他這個(gè)壞消息時(shí)，他很平靜。
【詞語(yǔ)辨析】calm, quiet, still與silent
calm 平靜的，沉著的。指無(wú)風(fēng)浪的或人心情不激動(dòng)的。
quiet 平靜的，安靜的。指不吵鬧的或心境不煩躁的。
still 靜止的，不動(dòng)的。指（人體等）不運(yùn)動(dòng)的。
silent 沉默的，緘口的，寂靜的。指不講話或沒(méi)有聲音的。
【拓展】calm down 平靜下來(lái)，鎮(zhèn)定下來(lái)（既可作不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)也可作及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)）
The crying child soon calmed down.
哭鬧的小孩不一會(huì)就安靜下來(lái)了。
It was difficult to calm down the football fans.
要使足球迷們平靜下來(lái)是有困難的。
(注意：前例句的calm是不及物動(dòng)詞，后例句的calm是及物動(dòng)詞。)
2. Add up your score and see how many points you get.
add vt. & vi. 增加：添加；（數(shù)字等）加（起來(lái)）；補(bǔ)充說(shuō)
Add more hot water, please. 請(qǐng)多加點(diǎn)熱水。
If you add 4 to 3, you’ll get 7. 四加三得七。
Add up these figures, please. 請(qǐng)把這些數(shù)字加起來(lái)。
I should like to add that we are pleased with the test result.
【派生詞】addition n. 增加，附加物；adder n. 「計(jì)」加法器
【詞匯網(wǎng)絡(luò)】與add 有關(guān)的詞組：
add sth. to sth. 把……加到（進(jìn)）……
add to(=increase)增加
add up to共計(jì)（無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）；意味著，等于說(shuō)
add sth. up/ together把……加起來(lái)，合計(jì)
3. Tell your friend that you concern about him/her.
concern v. & n.
1) vt. to have sth. to do with or relate to 涉及，關(guān)系到（一般不用于被動(dòng)時(shí)態(tài)）This concerns the healthy growth of children deeply.
這事對(duì)孩子們的健康成長(zhǎng)關(guān)系極大。
2) vt.使擔(dān)心（掛念），使憂慮（常用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
We’re rather concerned about father’s health.
我們相當(dāng)擔(dān)心父親的健康。
3) n. 所關(guān)切的事，關(guān)心，擔(dān)心，擔(dān)憂
It’s no concern of mine. 這事與我無(wú)關(guān)。
His mother’s only concern was how to make him study even harder.
他媽媽心里想的全是如何使他學(xué)習(xí)更刻苦。
【詞匯網(wǎng)絡(luò)】有關(guān)concern 的短語(yǔ)還有：
with concern 關(guān)切地
show concern for sb. 對(duì)某人表示關(guān)心
have no concern for 毫不關(guān)心
as/so far as...be concerned 就……而言
of much concern 很重要，很有關(guān)系
of no concern 無(wú)關(guān)緊要，沒(méi)有意義
it is no concern of mine/yours. 這不關(guān)我（你）的事。
be concerned about (for) 關(guān)心，掛念
We are all concerned for (about) her safety. 我們大家都擔(dān)心著她的安全。
我們需要注意，在這里從中文角度考慮，應(yīng)該是主動(dòng)，但是英語(yǔ)中卻必須用被動(dòng)，類(lèi)似這樣常用被動(dòng)來(lái)表示中文的主動(dòng)意義的詞組還有：
be associated with 與……聯(lián)合、聯(lián)系
be attached to 附加于、隸屬于……
be based on 以……為基礎(chǔ)
be composed of 由……
be connected with 與……連結(jié)、連接
be divorced from 和某人離婚
be educated from 從學(xué)校等畢業(yè)
be employed in 從事于……
be engaged to 和某人訂婚
be exposed to 暴露于……，面臨于……
be faced with 面對(duì)……
be fed up 吃得過(guò)飽，對(duì)……極其厭倦
be honored with／to瞓e（phr．） 被授予……；因做……而感到榮幸
be involved in 卷入、陷入……；專(zhuān)心于
be married to 和某人結(jié)婚
be prepared to do sth 準(zhǔn)備好了去做某事
be rooted in 扎根于……
be set in 以……為背景
be used to＋v－ing（phr．）習(xí)慣于……
be hidden in 藏在某地
be dressed in 穿著
be seated 坐在
另外還有表示情感情緒的動(dòng)詞，當(dāng)表示“感到……”時(shí)，用過(guò)去分詞，這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞有：amazed，amused, annoyed，astonished，concerned，confused，delighted，disappointed，discouraged, disgusted，distressed，excited，frightened，interested, irritated，moved，pleased, puzzled，relieved，shocked，touched。
4. It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face. (P2)face to face 面對(duì)面地，類(lèi)似的“名詞+介詞+名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)還有：
hand in hand，手牽手地 arm in arm 手挽手地，
side by side 肩并肩地 mouth to mouth 嘴對(duì)嘴地
back to back 背靠背地，背對(duì)背地，一個(gè)接一個(gè)，連續(xù)地；
see eye to eye 看法完全相同，完全同意，面對(duì)面看著(與see連用)；face to face 面對(duì)面地，當(dāng)面地，對(duì)立地；
front to front 面對(duì)面地；
hand to hand 短兵相接地，逼近地，肉搏地；
head to head 頭對(duì)頭地，面對(duì)面地，促膝地，交頭接耳地；
heart to heart 開(kāi)誠(chéng)布公地，心連心地，貼心地，推心置腹地，坦率地，誠(chéng)懇地；knee to knee 膝靠著膝地，促膝地；
man to man 個(gè)人對(duì)個(gè)人地，一對(duì)一地，人盯人地，私下地，坦率地，真誠(chéng)地；nose to nose 面對(duì)面地，迎面(相遇)；
shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩地，齊心協(xié)力地，互助，一致，團(tuán)結(jié)；
5. I stayed awake on purpose. (P2)
stay vi. & link v.
1) vi. 停留；逗留
The doctor told him that he would have to stay in hospital for another two weeks. ひ繳告訴他，他還得在醫(yī)院住兩個(gè)星期。
2) link v.保持，持續(xù)不變 (=keep)
How can you stay so cool and calm after such a hot argument?
這樣一場(chǎng)激烈的爭(zhēng)論過(guò)后，你怎么還能保持如此冷靜沉著呢？
【詞匯網(wǎng)絡(luò)】系動(dòng)詞的分類(lèi)記憶：
“變化”類(lèi)：become，turn, go, get, grow, fall, run, come
“感官”類(lèi)：feel, smell, taste, look, sound
“顯現(xiàn)”類(lèi)：look, appear, seem
“狀態(tài)”類(lèi)：keep, stay, remain, stand, sit, prove
on purpose 故意地；有意地；有目的地
I don’t think he did it on purpose, for he is really a kind person.
我認(rèn)為他不是故意這樣做的，因?yàn)樗娴氖且粋�(gè)好人。
on 在這里表示處于某種狀態(tài)或在某個(gè)方位，類(lèi)似的短語(yǔ)還有：
on board 乘（車(chē),飛機(jī)） on call 聽(tīng)候召喚
on duty 值班 on earth 到底
on fire 著火 on foot 步行
on guard 在崗 on hire 雇用
on holiday 度假 on leave 休假
on one餾 knees 跪下 on one’s way 在……的路上
on purpose 故意 on sale 待售
on shore 在岸上 on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí)
on the move 行動(dòng) on the other hand 另一方面
on the spot 當(dāng)- on the tip of one’s tongue 快要說(shuō)出口 on top of 在……的頂部 on watch 值班
6. Make a list of reasons why friends are important to you. (P2)
reason n. & v.
1) n. 「C, U」原因，理由，動(dòng)機(jī)，理性，理智
The reason why (that) she was ill was that she had eaten bad meat.
【提示】reason后的定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞是關(guān)系副詞why 或that，也可以省略。I have a good reason for doing that =I have a good reason to do that.
我那樣做是有充分的理由的。
【提示】reason 后的定語(yǔ)常是介詞短語(yǔ)for (doing) sth., 或不定式to do sth.
【詞匯網(wǎng)絡(luò)】①for this (that) reason 因?yàn)檫@個(gè)/那個(gè)原因
②by reason of由于，因?yàn)?/p>
2) vt. & vi.推理，推究，勸說(shuō)
We reasoned that he was lying. 我們推斷他在說(shuō)謊。
Finally I reasoned him into /out of accepting the invitation.
最終我說(shuō)服他接受（拒絕）邀請(qǐng)。
【詞語(yǔ)辨析】reason 與cause
reason 側(cè)重指做某事的理由；cause指導(dǎo)致不良后果的起因。
--What’s the reason for your absence?
你為什么缺席？
--The reason for it is that the traffic was heavy.
我缺席的原因是交通擁擠。
The cause of the big fire was his carelessness.
大火的起因是他的粗心大意。
【派生詞】reasonable adj. 合情合理的；reasonably adv. 合情合理地；reasoned adj. 合乎邏輯的
其它 寫(xiě)出單詞意思
add point upset ignore calm concern loose cheat reason list share feeling Netherlands German outdoors crazy nature purpose dare thunder entirely power according trust indoors suffer teenager advice questionnaire quiz situation editor communicate habit
add up calm down have got to be concerned about walk the dog go through hide away set down a series of on purpose
in order to face to face according to get along with fall in love
join in
1、 add vt./vi
add up sth. =add sth. up 把…加起來(lái)add to sth. 增添、加某事物
add…to… 把…加到…里 add up to=amount to 共計(jì)，總計(jì)
① If you ____ 5_____3 you will get 8.
② This bad weather ________ our difficulties.
③ His whole school education _______________ no more than one year.
2、 point n./v.
There is no point （in） doing sth. 做…沒(méi)用，無(wú)意義
at/on the point of … 就要…的時(shí)候point at/to…指向… point sth. at/ towards sb./ th
① 我們正要離開(kāi)這時(shí)你們來(lái)了。 We were __________________ leaving when you came.
② 我們贏（輸）了5分。We won (lost) the game ____ 5 _________
③ Can you tell us the main _______ of the story?
④ “That’s the man who did it,” she said, ________________ me.
⑤ The robber _______a gun ________ the bank clerk.
3、 concern vt./n.
be concerned about/for 關(guān)心 as concerns=concerning (prep.)關(guān)于
as/so far as…be concerned 就…而言 concerned adj. 有關(guān)的擔(dān)心的
① 就英語(yǔ)而言，他是我們班最好的
_______________________________, he is first in our class.
② I am living in school, and mother _____________________me.
③ He doesn’t bother about things that don’t ____________ him.
④ Present at the meeting were leading members of the departments ____________.
⑤ This book deals with questions _________Anti-Japanese War.
4、 share v/n
a) Let Tom play with your toys as well, Clare---you must learn to__
A. support B. care C. spare D. share
b) Culture refers to a group or community ___we share common experiences that shape the way we understand the world.
A. with which B. that C. which D. what
c) 我不得不與家里人共用一個(gè)浴室。I have to ___________ the bathroom _________ the rest of the family.
d) 他是唯一的一位與我的觀點(diǎn)相同的人。 He is the only person who __________my opinion.
5、 reason n.+ for/to do sth. for the reason of….
a) This is the reason ____he explained to me just now.
A. why B. which C. because D. about which
b) The reason _ he is late is _ there was a breakdown on the railway.
A. why; why B. because; that C. that; because D. why; that
c) Give your reason _____changing the plan.
6、 go through sth.經(jīng)歷忍受或遭受…；被正式通過(guò)或接受;仔細(xì)檢查；（書(shū)） 發(fā)行次數(shù)；用光或消耗…
get through 穿過(guò)；（使）通過(guò)；使（讀）完;接通
a) Two months later, the law _________________.
b) I rang you several times but couldn’t ______________.
c) I have ____________ all my pockets but I can’t find my keys.
d) The dictionary has ____________________ ten editions.
e) When you _____________ with your work, let’s go out.
7、 join ; join in ; take part in; attend
a) Will you ________ the lecture on science?
b) Would you like to _______ us ___ playing football?
c) After ____________ the League, he often helps others.
d) She ______________ the music competition.
e) We _______ a country club that year.
f) We’re going to visit the flower show tomorrow. Will you ____ us?
g) The boy ________ the English Evening and had a good time.
h) He didn’t _________ school yesterday because of his illness.
8、 Put away the tools after work, will you? ________________
He puts away part of his wages each month. ________________
She put away the idea of going home. ________________
He put away his wife without good reasons. ________________
9、 ① --- Is it high time we ______ to school?
---Oh, it’s seven o’clock. Let’s go.
A. will go B. shall go C. went D. would go
② 這是她第一次跟英國(guó)人交談
③每次我見(jiàn)到他，他總是在備課。
10、 It is/was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+其他成分
a) It was 8 o’clock _____ I went back home last night.
A. that B. when C. which D. what
b) __________you missed such a fine lecture? A. How it was that B. It was how that C. How was it that D. Was it how that
c) I just wonder _______ that makes you so excited.
A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is
d) It was not until she got home __ Mary realized she had lost her keys. A. that B. when C. where D. before
第二單元
詞匯過(guò)關(guān)
1.重點(diǎn)單詞拼寫(xiě)
1) I have got three days’holidays I New Year’s Day.
2) She’s busy at p and can’t speak to you.
3) The captain c his army to attack the enemy at night.
4) Don’t respond to any e-mails r personal information, no matter how official they look.
5) I r him as soon as he came in the room， though I hadn’t seen him for years.
6) The new g is made up of ten officials.
7) H difficult the task may be, we’ll fulfill it in time.
8) It is I to turn your back on someone who is speaking to you.
9) He was last seen heading in the d of Miami.
2. 重點(diǎn)詞詞形變換
1) Everybody laughed, the teacher . (include)
3) Do you like the films by Zhang Yimou?
He is a well-known Chinese . (direction)
4) The police only interview a child in the of an adult. (present)
5) We should study hard for the of China. (modern)
6) These are the world’s leading industrial . (native)
7) Dean’s a really person to have around when things go wrong.
Only Jack is of great at that time.(use)
8) The bag is -it has a hole in it. (use)
9) I’ve known Barbara for years， since we were babies, . (actual)
10) It was a period of population growth. (rapidly)
1. 短語(yǔ)積累
play a role / part in 在……中起作用
be based on 以……為依據(jù)
because of 因?yàn)?/p>
such as 例如，像……這樣的
come up 走近
the number of …… 的數(shù)量
a large number of 許多
make good full use of 充分利用
2. 用所給短語(yǔ)將下列句子譯成英語(yǔ)
1) 運(yùn)氣在他的成功中起了重要作用。(play an important part in)
2) 這出戲以真實(shí)故事為基礎(chǔ)，很有教育意義。(be based on)
3) 約翰沒(méi)有出席會(huì)議，因?yàn)樗×恕?because of)
4) 充分利用你所擁有的每一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)練習(xí)講英語(yǔ)。(make good use of)
5) 今天缺席的學(xué)生有五人。(the number of)
重要句型
1.... than ever before 比以往任何時(shí)候
即時(shí)強(qiáng)化練習(xí)：
翻譯下列句子：
1) 受到老師激勵(lì)，我比以往任何暑假都要更加努力工作。
2) 今年的冬天比以往任何時(shí)候都冷。オ
2. This is because ……這是因?yàn)椤?/p>
翻譯下列句子：
1) 他今天沒(méi)有來(lái)上學(xué)，這是因?yàn)樗×恕?/p>
2) 我不要求你按時(shí)完成, 這是因?yàn)槲也幌虢o你太大壓力。
3. even if / even though... 即使，盡管
即時(shí)強(qiáng)化練習(xí)：
翻譯下面句子：
1) 即使你不喜歡他，也可客氣一點(diǎn)。
2) 即使你不想去，你也應(yīng)該告訴他一聲。
目標(biāo)解讀
1. They are called world Englishes and they include Canadian, British, American and Indian English. （P9）
include vt. 包括，包含
The bill includes tax and service. 賬單中包含了稅金和服務(wù)費(fèi)。
Your duties include checking the letters and sorting them out.
Ten students took part in the competition, including three girls.
Ten scientists, six women scientists included, were present at the meeting.
【重要提示】including一般位于名詞或代詞的前面，included則位于名詞或代詞的后面
【詞語(yǔ)辨析】include / contain / hold
include 強(qiáng)調(diào)“包括，作為整體的一部分”，側(cè)重范圍或整體。
contain 著重“其中包含有”，指在一定范圍或容器內(nèi)容納某物，側(cè)重包含的內(nèi)容或成分。
hold 指“能容納”
The bok contains ten chapters, including American Literature.
This kind of fruit contains lots of vitamin C and B.
這種水果富含維生素C和B。
The hall holds 200 people. 這個(gè)大廳能容納200人。
2. World Englishes come from those countries where English plays an important role as a first or second language, either because of foreign rule or because of its special role as an international language.（P9）
because of 是復(fù)合介詞，表原因，意為“因?yàn)椤�，后接名詞、代詞、或賓語(yǔ)從句。because 作連詞，后跟句子。以原因狀語(yǔ)從句形式表明主句的根本原因。
He was late not only because of his illness but also because he missed the train.
【詞匯網(wǎng)絡(luò)】表示“由于”的短語(yǔ)還有：
thanks to “多虧，由于”，只能作狀語(yǔ)
Thanks to your advice, much trouble was saved.
due to 可以作表語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)，不可位于句首
The accident was due to the storm.
owing to 可以作狀語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)常用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，作表語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于due to.
Tom’s failing in the exam was owing to his carelessness
Owing to his careless driving, the accident occurred.
as a result of “由于”，作狀語(yǔ)
on account of “因?yàn)椤�，作狀語(yǔ)
. Would you please come up to my flat for a visit?(P9)
come up 上來(lái)，過(guò)來(lái)；
A child came up to me and showed me the way to the station. (走近，上來(lái))
The sky was dark blue and clear when the moon came up. (升起)
Your question came up at the meeting. (被提出討論)
【詞匯網(wǎng)絡(luò)】come up with 想出（計(jì)劃，答案）
come out 出來(lái)，（花）開(kāi)，出版；結(jié)果是
come about 發(fā)生
come across 偶然遇見(jiàn)
come along 一起來(lái)，一道走；進(jìn)展；進(jìn)步
come to 共計(jì)，達(dá)到
. English is also spoken in many other countries in Africa and Asia, such as South Africa, Singapore and Malaysia.(P10)
【詞語(yǔ)辨析】such as, for example
such as 意為“例如，諸如……之類(lèi)的”，用來(lái)列舉同類(lèi)人或事物中的幾個(gè)。如果要把同類(lèi)人或事物全部列舉出來(lái)，用that is或namely。
A lot of things can be recycled, such as waste paper, waste plastic bags, and old batteries.
for example舉例說(shuō)明，列舉同類(lèi)人或事物中的“一個(gè)”，作插入語(yǔ)，且用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，可位于句首、句中或句末。
Most boys in my class like physics. Tom, for example, shows a special interest in it.
5. Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English.(P13)
such與all, no, some, any, few, little, many, much, several, one等詞連用時(shí)，應(yīng)位于它們的后面。
There is no such thing as a free lunch.
世上沒(méi)有免費(fèi)午餐之類(lèi)的好事兒。T
here are three such mistakes in your composition.
你的作文中有三個(gè)這樣的錯(cuò)誤。
6. Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly.(P10)
the number of...表示“……的數(shù)量”
a large number of 相當(dāng)于a good / great many或many，表示“許多的，大量的”其后跟可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，不可跟不可數(shù)名詞。如：
The number of trees on the deserted mountain is over 200,000.
在那片荒山上種植的樹(shù)木數(shù)量已超過(guò)二十萬(wàn)棵。
A great many (A number of) visitors come to the Palace Museum every year.
每年有大量的游客故宮參觀。
其它 寫(xiě)出單詞意思
elevator, petrol, gas, official, because of, native, apartment, actually, be based on, at present, gradually, Danish, vocabulary, make use of, spelling, fluent, fluently, Singapore, Malaysia, such as, frequent, frequently, usage, African, Spanish, play a part, recognize, accent
be different from, pay a role(part) in, because of, either …or…, in/on a team, the number of/a number of, than ever before, even if, comp up to, over time, communicate with, be based on, make use of, have one’s own identity, such as, Only time can tell, native speaker, as well as, solve a problem, believe it or not, no such a…, all over the world, at the top(bottom) of, pen friends, to this day, sum up, Pardon?, beg your pardon, go abroad, be used for, more of a …, encourage sb. to do sth., work on, feel like sth., from time to time, English-speaking countries, from one…to another, do business, on the air, would like sb. to do, make notes, fight against, keep…a secret, even though, save time(money), a form of…
1. recognize be recognized as 被承認(rèn)為 recognize sb. to be 承認(rèn)某人是…
① --- oh, it’s you! I ______ ________ you. ----- I’ve just had my hair cut, and I’m wearing new glasses.
② Though they hadn’t met for many years，they ______ each other at first sight.
③ Lincoln is recognized ____ one of the greatest presidents in America.
2. direction
in all directions 朝四面八方 under the direction of sb = under one’s direction 在某人的指導(dǎo)下 in the direction of 朝著…方向 from the direction of 從…方向 follow/ obey /listen to one’s direction 聽(tīng)從某人的指導(dǎo)
①． The diretion ____ which the president would go was kept secret ____ safety concern.
A.for; over B. from; about C. in; for D. at; as
②． Generally speaking, when ____ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.
A. taking B. taken C. to take D. to be taken
③. she ______ (問(wèn)了方向) and then tells her friends.
④. Tom went off _____ ______ _______ and Harry in another.
⑤. He did the work ____ _____ _______.(在我的指導(dǎo)下)
3．Command
Command sb to do sth 命令（要求）某人做某事 have a good command of … 對(duì)…精通
Command that … (should) + 動(dòng)詞原型
He commanded that all the gates __________.
A. should shut B. would be shut C. shut D. be shut
4． Request
Request sth of/ from sb. 向某人請(qǐng)求某物 request sb to do sth 請(qǐng)求某人做某事 at one’s request 應(yīng)某人之請(qǐng)求 request that … (should) + 動(dòng)詞原型
①．Visitors ____ not to touch the exhibits.
A. will request B. request C. are requesting D. are requested
②. The old pianist wouldn’t listen to our repeated request that he ____ in public again.
A. play B. played C. would play D. was going to play
③. He came here ____ A.at my request B. by me request C. by the request of me D. for my request
5. contain, include, cover 區(qū)別：
Contain 整體包括部分 A contains B A與B 是不同類(lèi)事物 或者一個(gè)容器中容納的東西
Include A includes B A與B是同類(lèi)事物，常用兩種表達(dá)方式：including sth/ sb= sb’sth included
Cover 錢(qián)夠...之用；足以支付
①．---- How come a simple meal like this costs so much?
-----We have ____ in your bill the cost of the cup you broke just now.
A. added B. included C. contained D. charged
② We all went, ______ Mary.= We all went, Mary _______.
③ ----- Will $200 ____ the cost of the damage? ----- I’m afraid not. I need at least 100 more.
④ He was worried, because he lost his bag ______ his passport, ID card and a lot of money.
6. present
at present= at the present time 目前；現(xiàn)在 be present at the meeting 出席會(huì)議 present sth to sb 把...贈(zèng)給某人 present sb with sth 贈(zèng)給某人某物
①All the people _____ at the party were his supporters.
A. present B. thankful C. interested D. important
②. They ______ a sum of money ____ (贈(zèng)與) the college in memory of their son.
7. more A than B (A/B: adj.原級(jí)/n.) 與其說(shuō)B不如說(shuō)A
no more than + num. = only 僅僅
①．More than one ___ the people heart and soul.
A. officials has served B. officials have served C. officials has served for D. officials have served for
②.---- Tom is very stupid. He failed to pass the exam once again. ----- He is ____ than stupid.
A. lazier B. no lazier C. more lazy D. lazier rather
8Come up 上升；上來(lái)；被提出 come up with （人）找到或提出（答案或方法等）
Come about 發(fā)生 come up to 達(dá)到 come across （偶然）遇見(jiàn)；碰到
用come有關(guān)短語(yǔ)填空：
①. Would you _________ my flat for a visit?
②. The question _______ at the meeting whether we had enough money.
③. She ____________ new idea for increasing sales.
④. I ________ children sleeping under bridges.
⑤. Can you tell me how the accident _________?
9. because of/ due to（不可放于句首）/ thanks to/ owing to 由于 + n./ pron. /動(dòng)名詞/名詞性短語(yǔ)
because + 句子 as a result of 因?yàn)?..的結(jié)果 result in 導(dǎo)致 result from 由...導(dǎo)致 填空：
① I didn’t attend the meeting, _________ I was ill.
② He is absent _________ his illness
③ He was ill, __________, he didn’t attend the meeting.
④ His illness ____________ his absence from the meeting.
⑤ His absence from the meeting _______________ his illness.
10. make use of/ make good use of/ make full use of
①I(mǎi)f better use ___________ of your spare time, you will make great progress in it.
②she wondered uneasily what use she would ______ ___ this opportunity.
11. the same... as 表示同類(lèi)的事物 the same ... that 表示同一個(gè)事物 the same ... which/ who/ when /where 和...相同的...
①.This pen is not very good; I’d like the same one ______ you are using now.
②.He went back to the same place ______ he had found the ring.
③.The explorer took only such men and things ______ he really needed into the thick forest.
④.I’m lucky enough to find the same knife _____ I lost yesterday.
12. 用because/ why/ that 填空：
① She didn’t study hard. That was _______ she failed in he exam.
② she failed in the exam. That was ________ she didn’t study hard.
③ What caused the accident was _____ the bus was driven too carelessly.
④ The reason _______ he hasn’t come is that he has to send his mother to the hospital.
⑤That is _____ she left her hometown at the age of nine.
第三單元
詞匯過(guò)關(guān)
1.重點(diǎn)單詞拼寫(xiě)
1) His paper will be published in the British Medical J next month.
2) We can’t goods in railways.
3) I knew you would be too s to listen to my advice.
4) I I that you go to the hospital immediately; you are very ill.
5) Are you doing the task in the p way?
6) The size of your feet d the size of your shoes.
7) What is you’re a to the idea, agree or disagree?
8) He has a gift for language, and he is f with three languages.
9) He broke the r in high jump in the Asian Games.
10) I was very busy that day, but he p me to take part in the party.
2. 重點(diǎn)詞詞形變換
1) The of live animals is forbidden. (transport)
2) They scored in the minute of the game. (finally)
3) After a little gentle , Mr.Brown agreed to let us in.(persuade)
4) Her to do well made her keep on studying. (determine)
5) The are all from China. (cycle)
6) The woman showed great in going into the burning building to rescue the trapped child. (brave)
7) The events have been the of conversation for weeks. (topic)
8) The young lady wanted to buy a pair of tennis . (short)
9) Make sure the job is done .(proper)
10) The tourists were caught in the snowstorm in the area. (Tibet)
1.短語(yǔ)積累
keep a travel journal 寫(xiě)旅游日記
see the world through one’s eyes 透過(guò)眼睛看世界
agree to sth 同意
on the/one’s journey 在旅途中
as usual 照例；像往常一樣
stay awake 保持清醒
keep asking sb. 不斷問(wèn)
one way fare 單程票
at an altitude of 5,000 meters 在海拔5000米的地方
dream about/ of (doing) sth. 夢(mèng)想做……
graduate from college 大學(xué)畢業(yè)
persuade sb. to do sth. 勸說(shuō)某人做某事
get sb.interested in doing sth. 使……對(duì)……感興趣
care about 關(guān)心;考慮
a determined look 堅(jiān)決的表情
change one’s mind / change one’s attitude
change our minds 改變想法
make up one’s mind
make up our minds 決定
give in 投降; 上交
give in to sb. / sth. 屈服；同意……
pass through 穿過(guò)
flow through 流經(jīng)……
make camp 扎營(yíng)
put up the tent 支帳篷
for one thing,... for another,... 一方面……另一方面……
familiar to sb. 為……所熟悉
in detail 詳細(xì)地
2. 從上面列舉的短語(yǔ)中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)�，填入下面的空格�?/p>
1) She being famous one day.
2) The only thing he seems to is money.
3) O’Neil was to pressure from London to hurry the reform.
4) How can we him politics?
5) Kate didn’t want to buy that skirt. , it was very expensive;
its style was out of fashion.
重要句型
1. It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.(P18)
此句包含英語(yǔ)中的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：it + is/was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that/who + 原句其余部分。要注意：被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分表示“人”的話，用that/who, 其他情況下都用that.
It was Jack who/that broke the window yesterday.
即時(shí)強(qiáng)化練習(xí):
用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型翻譯下面句子
1) 我是在那棵樹(shù)下面撿到這只錢(qián)包的。
2) 是他把窗戶(hù)的玻璃打破的嗎？
3) 你是因?yàn)槭裁炊鴽](méi)有參加會(huì)議的？
2. Are you working this evening?(P21)
此句用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) are working 來(lái)表示按計(jì)劃進(jìn)行的將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。
I’m writng the composition at night.お
即時(shí)強(qiáng)化練習(xí)：
翻譯下面句子
今天下午一位美國(guó)來(lái)賓將在禮堂舉行一場(chǎng)英語(yǔ)講座。
目標(biāo)解讀
1. I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.(P18)
dream about: 做夢(mèng)；夢(mèng)見(jiàn)
I dreamt about you last night.
dream of/about: 夢(mèng)想，幻想
We dream of buying our own house.
【詞匯網(wǎng)絡(luò)】dream away 虛度（光陰）
dream up 虛構(gòu)出
have a dream 做夢(mèng)
2. When we graduated from college, we finally got the chance to do it.(P18)
graduate from : (大學(xué)或中學(xué))畢業(yè)
Wang Ming graduated from Beijing University with a degree in law.
finally: adv. 最后，終于
final: adj. 最后的，決定性的 n.決賽
【詞語(yǔ)辨析】finally, at last, in the end，eventually
finally: 可以表示時(shí)間位置，相當(dāng)于at last / in the end; 還可以表示時(shí)間的先后順序，如同first(ly), second(ly), then, last。
at last: 只指時(shí)間位置，強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)過(guò)周折、等待、耽誤的“最后、終于”出現(xiàn)所期待的結(jié)果。
in the end / eventually: 只指時(shí)間位置，強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)過(guò)周折、等待、耽誤的“最后、終于”出現(xiàn)所期待的結(jié)果（相當(dāng)于at last）或者出現(xiàn)非期待的結(jié)果。
3. Then she persuaded me to buy one.(P18)
persuade: vt. 說(shuō)服; 信服
persuasion: n. 說(shuō)服
persuasive: adj. 有說(shuō)服力的
persuade sb. to do sth/ into doing sth. 說(shuō)服某人干某事
persuade sb. not to do sth/ out of doing sth 說(shuō)服某人別干某事
persuade sb. of sth. 使某人信服
I finally managed to persuade Mary to go out for a drink with me.
Don’t let yourself be persuaded into buying things you don’t really want.
He persuaded me not to go there. / He persuaded me out of going there.
We finally persuaded Ben of the wisdom of this decision.
4....she insisted that we find the source of the river and begin our journey. (P18)
insist: v. 堅(jiān)持宣稱(chēng)/認(rèn)為（賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)用陳述語(yǔ)氣）；
堅(jiān)決要求，一定要（賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣should + v.）
Mike insisted that he was right.
They insisted that everyone (should) come to the party.
【詞匯網(wǎng)絡(luò)】insist on （doing）sth. 堅(jiān)持
if you insist 如果你一定要這樣
Her parents insisted on speaking to the headmistress.
He kept insisting on her innocence.
--Why don’t you call them up today?
--Oh, if you insist
【詞語(yǔ)辨析】insist on, stick to
前者表對(duì)“要求、意見(jiàn)、看法等”的“堅(jiān)持”；后者表對(duì)“愿望、原則、決定、諾言或某種理論”的“堅(jiān)持”
5. She gave me a determined look-the kind that said she wouldn’t change her mind. (P18）
1) determine: v. 確定；決定，支配；（官方）確定，規(guī)定
determination: n. 決心，（官方）決定
determined: adj.
determine to do sth. 決定做.……
be determined to do sth.有決心干……
We determined to leave at once.
I am determined to find out who is responsible for this.
Determined that his son would do well, Mr.Smith sent him to a private school.
2) change one’s mind（about）改變主意/決定
Try and get her to change her mind about coming with us.
【詞匯網(wǎng)絡(luò)】make up one’s mind (to do sth.) 下定決心做……
be in two minds about 拿不定主意，猶豫不決
set one’s mind on (doing) sth. 下定決心要┳觥…
come to mind 突然想到
put one’s mind to 專(zhuān)心于……
keep one’s mind on 專(zhuān)心于……
keep / bear sth. in mind 記住……
bring / call sth. to mind 回想起……
其它 寫(xiě)出單詞意思
journal, fare, transport, prefer, disadvantage, fare, flow, cycle, persuade, graduate, finally, schedule, fond , be fond of , shortcoming , stubborn, care about , make up one’s mind , determine, give in , valley, pace, altitude, bend, boil , forecast, parcel, reliable, organize, journey, insurance, wool, as usual, view , pillow, midnight, at midnight, flame, beneath, temple, cave, change one’s mind,
1 imagine
imagine +v-ing
我難以想象我與那種女子結(jié)婚后的情形。
I can’t ______ my ______ a girl of that sort。
2 choose （chose ，chosen）
have no choice but to do sth 除了干某事別無(wú)選擇
She had no choice but ______away 。
A go B to go C going D to have go
3 persuade
Persuade sb to do=persuade sb into doing 說(shuō)服某人做某事；
persuade sb not to do=persuade sb out of sth/doing 說(shuō)服某人不要做某事；
Persuade sb of sth =persuade sb 。+that 從句 使某人相信；
① While shopping ，people sometimes can’t help ______ into buying sth。 They don’t really need。
A to persuade B persuading C being persuaded D be persuaded
② Alice trusts you，only you can ______her to give up the foolish idea 。
A suggest B attract C attempt D persuade
③獵人勸阻我們不要獨(dú)自穿越茂密的叢林。
The hunter ______us ______through the thick forest alone 。
4 insist
Insist 表達(dá)“堅(jiān)持主張”時(shí)，所跟的賓語(yǔ)從句使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣；表達(dá)“堅(jiān)持一種說(shuō)法，看法或事實(shí)”時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句使用陳述語(yǔ)序和相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)。
① I insisted that a doctor ______ immediately。
A has been sent for B sends for C will be sent for D be sent for
② He came to my class every week ，but his attitude ______that he was not really interested。
A expresses B described C explained D suggested
5 determine
Determine + n。/determine to do/ determine +從句
Be determined to do 決心做
determined a。 已下決心的（不在名詞前）；斷然的，決然的
①______ to train his daughter in English， he put an ad like this in the paper�！癬_____ ，an English teacher for a ten-year-old girl ，”
A Determined ，Wanted B Determined ，Wanting C Determine ，Wanted D Determining ，Wanting
②她堅(jiān)定不移要上大學(xué)。
She ______ ______ ______ go to university。
6 fun Make fun of 取笑 for fun 為了高興，為了好玩
①______ at the seaside ！
A How fun the children had B What a fun the children had C How fun had the children D What fun the children had
② 獨(dú)自一個(gè)人去參加聚會(huì)沒(méi)什么意思。
It‘s not much ______going to a party alone
7 awake
①When do you usually ______ up？
② I s he ______or asleep？
③ He lay ______ all night。
④ They were making enough noise to ______ the dead 。
8 give in屈服投降讓步
give away不小心透露，贈(zèng)送，免費(fèi)給予 give off 放出，散發(fā)（光，熱，煙，氣，味）give up 放棄，認(rèn)輸 give out vt。分配，分發(fā) Vi。（食物，燃料，電力） 用光，精疲力竭
① Never ______ ______ the stugy of English
② Jane tried to keep up a calm appearance ，but her trembling voice ______her ______
③ He may ______to my view
④ It is always the husband who ______ first when quarrel breaks out between the young couple 。
⑤ Her patiece finally ______ ______
⑥ The teacher ______ ______ the exam paper 。
9 for one thing 。。。for another （thing）/besides； on （the ） one hand ，on the other （hand）
for one thing 首先。。。一則。。。，陳述兩方面的情況常一致，常與for another （thing）/besides（再者，另一方面）呼應(yīng)； on （the ） one hand ，on the other （hand）常表達(dá)相矛盾的兩方面
①______ she‘s well eduacated ，______ she is pretty 。
A On the one hand ，on the other hand B for one thing ，for another
C On one hand ，but also D On the one hand ，on another hand
②Tom works very hard。His brother ，______，does‘t do much at all。
A what‘s more B on the contrary C for one thing D for another
③ ______ ， the hotel is near the sea，but ______it costs a lot。
A On the one hand ，on the other hand B for one thing ，for another
C On one hand ，but also D On the one hand ，on another hand
10 care about 關(guān)心，對(duì)。。感興趣；在乎
care for 喜歡，愿意，照顧
① I don‘t ______ what others think
② She doesn‘t ______ skating 。
③ I wonder whether they will ______ us all to go there
④ The captain ______ the safety of the crew。
11 用 cost spend pay take 填空
①I(mǎi)t ______ us two hours to finish the work。
② Tom ______a lot of money on books。
③ The new bicycle ______ him 100 dollars
④ Mary ______ 200 dollars for the evening dress
⑤ I‘m ______much more time in listening now
⑥ The money I ______ for the service added up to1000dollars every year 。
⑦ It will ______ you 5dollars to fly to London
⑧ The car ______all his savings
⑨ The man got what he wanted ，which is at a ______of his own life and his family‘s happiness。
第四單元
詞匯過(guò)關(guān)
1.重點(diǎn)單詞拼寫(xiě)
1) Before the earthquake, you can notice that the wells have c in them.
2) Before the earthquake the chickens and even the pigs are too n to eat.
3) Two-thirds of the people died or were �。ㄊ軅ヾuring the earthquake.
4) Older students were having difficulty in studying and o themselves.
5) A great part of the city was d in the earthquake.
6) I felt everything s during the earthquake so I couldn’t sit still.
7) She c her face in her hands and cried loudly.
8) Seeing a baby crying in the burning house, the firemen r her from the house.
9) She is always healthy. Whenever I see her, she looks f .
10) J from his appearance, the manager can’t be over 60.
2. 重點(diǎn)詞詞形變換
1) Whether the can be separated is not an international affair, but a one. It is up to the people to decide. (nation)
2) Please wipe the off the table. The room looks with
the table. (dirt)
3) Most people protect themselves from to their self-esteem, for they think if their self-esteem was greatly, they will feel. (injure)
4) from the result, the of the match must have controlled the match quite well. Do you agree with my ? (judge)
5) can be found everywhere. Sometimes one’s hair seems . Some equipment can be . (electricity)
6) As , some were wounded when they were trying to find out something of the government .(report)
7) We visited the of Yuanmingyuan last summer. It by the foreign invaders. Seeing the palace we feel very pitiful. (ruin)
8) Taste and are closely connected. If you can’t the food, you can’t taste it either. (smell)
9) The felt happy that they were able to the accident and joked that it was because of the of the fittest. (survive)
10) We all felt to be invited to take the action and we promised on our that we would do it bravely, even if we died . (honour)
1.短語(yǔ)積累
shake hands with 握手
as usual 像往常一樣
break out 爆發(fā)
right away 馬上；即刻
a number of 許多；大量
to the north of 在……北面
put up 舉起；張貼
be proud of 對(duì)……感到自豪/驕傲
judging from 根據(jù)……判斷
be known as 作為……而出名
come out of 從……出來(lái)
too...to... 太……而不
give out 用完；出故障；分發(fā)；宣布
be trapped under the ruins 陷在廢墟下
instead of 代替
in honour of 紀(jì)念
tens of thousands of 幾萬(wàn)
more than 超過(guò)；不僅僅
fall down 倒下
at an end 結(jié)束；終結(jié)
dig out 挖出；查明
wake up 醒來(lái)
in ruins 嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪
2. 從上面列舉的短語(yǔ)中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)模钊胂旅娴目崭裰?/p>
1) A terrible earthquake hit the city and in a few seconds the whole city lay .
2) It’s a custom others when they meet in China, while in Japan they bow to each other.
3) following his father’s advice, Jack did just the opposite, which made his father angry.
4) from his expression, he must have won a prize.
5) The whole class the boy student who won the first prize in the English Contest, for he was the honor to their class.
6) The children were busy a tent and it would be completed before dark.
7) Meizhou the Capital of Hakaees, for there are most Hakaees living there.
8) The monument (紀(jì)念碑) was set up those who died in the terrible disaster.
9) The monitor helped the teacher the graded test papers.
10) The terrible shaking of the building all the people who were sleeping.
重要句型
1. What do you think may happen before an earthquake? (P25)
疑問(wèn)詞 + do you think/suppose + 陳述句語(yǔ)序的句子？
When do you think he will arrive here?
你認(rèn)為他什么時(shí)候能到這里？
シ譯下列句子：
1) 你認(rèn)為是誰(shuí)拿走了我的雨傘？
2) 你想我們什么時(shí)候來(lái)制定計(jì)劃？オ
2. It seemed that the world was at an end! 似乎是世界末日！（P26）
It seems/appears/happens + that從句 “似乎/碰巧……”
=Sb/sth seem/appear/happen+to do sth 某人似乎/碰巧要做某事。
Sb/sth seem/appear/happen+to be doing sth 某人似乎/碰巧在做某事。
Sb/sth seem/appear/happen+to have done sth 某人似乎/碰巧做過(guò)某事。
It seems that we will have a hard time. = We seem to have a hard time.
似乎我們將要過(guò)一段艱難的時(shí)光。
翻譯下列句子：
1) 似乎他從未思考過(guò)這樣的問(wèn)題。
2) 碰巧當(dāng)時(shí)大家都在室外干活。
目標(biāo)解讀
1. For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. (P26)
rise：
1) vi. 上升
The sun rises in the east and sets down in the west.
起立；起床
Knowing that she wouldn’t help, he rose and set off for home.
知道她不幫忙，他站起來(lái)回家了。
增長(zhǎng)
The cost in supporting a family is rising quickly recently.
維持一個(gè)家庭的費(fèi)用近來(lái)迅速地增加。
2）n. 上升；上漲；升起
a rise in price 價(jià)格的上漲
give sb. a rise 給某人提工資
at the rise of the sun 日出之時(shí)
【詞語(yǔ)辨析】rise與raise
(1) 兩者都可表示“升起”之意，這時(shí)rise是不及物動(dòng)詞，而raise是及物動(dòng)詞。The price of meat has risen sharply lately.
最近肉價(jià)上漲很快。
The butchers will raise the price of meat in a few weeks.
肉商幾個(gè)星期內(nèi)將提高肉價(jià)。
(2) 表示“起立、起床、增長(zhǎng)”時(shí)只能用rise。
Although very tired, when hearing the alarm, he rose from the bed quickly.
雖然很累，當(dāng)聽(tīng)到鬧鐘響起時(shí)，他迅速地從床上爬起來(lái)。
(3) 表示“飼養(yǎng)、提出”時(shí)要用raise。
He is just the person who raised such a good plan.
正是他提出了這么好的計(jì)劃。
2. Two thirds of the people died or were injured during the earthquake. (P26)
injure 受傷；傷害
He was badly/seriously injured in the accident.
他在事故中嚴(yán)重受傷。
Drinking too much surely will injure one’s health.
喝太多酒當(dāng)然會(huì)傷害到一個(gè)人的健康。
injured adj. 受傷的
injury n.傷口；受傷處
【詞語(yǔ)辨析】injure: 受傷
wound: 受傷（一般強(qiáng)調(diào)外傷）
harm: 意指無(wú)形的傷害，“對(duì)……有害”
hurt: （肉體或精神上的）傷害，強(qiáng)調(diào)疼痛
Don’t often listen to the loud music. It will harm your hearing.
In the modern war, not many soldiers were wounded or killed.
Your words really hurt him a lot.
He fell from the second floor and was badly injured /hurt.
3. In the farm yards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. (P26)
too...to... 太……以至不能……。例如：
The boy is too weak to lift the heavy box．
這男孩太虛弱，舉不起那個(gè)重箱子。
當(dāng)too...to...跟少數(shù)形容詞（如ready,glad,pleased,apt,willing,inclined，eager, easy, satisfied等）搭配時(shí)，不定式無(wú)否定意義。例如：
He is too ready to promise．他輕于許諾。
Beginners are too apt to make mistakes．初學(xué)者極易出錯(cuò)。
He is too much inclined to give himself airs．
他太喜歡裝模作樣了。
需要注意的是，too... to... 的否定形式not too... to... 的意思是“不是太……而不能”。 例如：
He is not too young to dress himself．
他不是小得連衣服都不會(huì)穿。
It is never too late to learn．活到老，學(xué)到老。
too還因此形成一類(lèi)特殊而重要的用法，具體如下：
cannot（或can never）... too... 表示“怎么……也不會(huì)過(guò)分”、“越……越好”的含義。如：
One can never be too careful in one’s work．工作越細(xì)越好。
One cannot be too careful in making the decision as it was such a critical case．
因?yàn)檫@是一個(gè)如此重要的問(wèn)題，所以在做出決定時(shí)無(wú)論怎樣謹(jǐn)慎都不過(guò)分。 You cannot praise the play too highly．
這出戲你無(wú)論怎樣稱(chēng)贊都不會(huì)過(guò)分。
4. But one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, went to bed as usual that night. (P26)
think little of 不重視；認(rèn)為沒(méi)價(jià)值
It is wrong to think little of everything. 對(duì)什么都不在乎是不對(duì)的。
She thought little of my work. 她不看重我的工作。
【詞匯網(wǎng)絡(luò)】類(lèi)似詞組：
think much of 認(rèn)為某人很重要
think better of sb. 對(duì)某人印象好；看重某人
think better of sth. 改變……念頭；打消主意
think highly of 看重；器重
think well of 重視
think little of 看輕；看不起
think poorly of 不放在眼里；輕視
think nothing of 輕視；認(rèn)為無(wú)所謂；認(rèn)為沒(méi)什么了不起
as usual 照例；和平�；蛄�(xí)慣一樣：
As usual, I slept late that Saturday morning.
和平時(shí)一樣，那個(gè)星期六早晨我起得很遲
5.Sand now filled the wells instead of water. (P26)
instead adv
1) 替代；更換
If you cannot go, let him go instead.
如果你不能去，讓他替你去。
2) （與of連用）代替
We’ll have tea in the garden instead of in the house.
我們將改在花園喝茶，而不在屋里喝。
6. Describe your feelings about the city, which is known as the “Brave City of China”. (P29)
1) be known as +身份
2) be known for... 因……出名
The area is known as a green tea producing places.
這個(gè)地方是以綠茶生產(chǎn)地而聞名的。
The town is known for its fine park.
這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)以它精致漂亮的公園而聞名。
3) be known by 根……而得知
A person is known by the company he keeps.
根據(jù)他經(jīng)營(yíng)的公司可知道他這個(gè)人。
4) be known to 被某人所了解
It is known to all that theory comes from practice.
大家都知道理論來(lái)自實(shí)踐。
7. One other thing to remember. (P31)
one other :應(yīng)該注意限定詞順序,
“限定詞”包括：冠詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、或數(shù)詞，它位于各類(lèi)形容詞前。它本身分為三位，即：前、中、后。前位限定詞有all、half、both、分?jǐn)?shù)和倍數(shù)；中位限定詞有冠詞、指示代詞、物主代詞等；后位限定詞有基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞，但序數(shù)詞位于基數(shù)詞前。如:both my hands、all half his income等。
8. An outline will prepare you to write a better story. (P31)
prepare
1) prepare “準(zhǔn)備；預(yù)備；籌備；制作；配制”
①prepare + 名詞或代詞。例如：
He has prepared his lessons. 他已備好課了。
②prepare + 雙賓語(yǔ)（間接賓語(yǔ)和直接賓語(yǔ)）。例如：
The secretary has prepared the president a long report.
= The secretary has prepared a long report for the president.
秘書(shū)已為董事長(zhǎng)準(zhǔn)備好了一份長(zhǎng)篇報(bào)告稿。
③prepare + 動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)。例如：
They are busy preparing to go on vacation.
他們正忙著準(zhǔn)備去度假。
④prepare + for （或 against ）引起的短語(yǔ)。例如：
The students are busy preparing for the mid-term examination.
學(xué)生們正忙于為期中考試作準(zhǔn)備。
The peasants are preparing against the drought.
農(nóng)民們正在為抗干旱作準(zhǔn)備。
2) prepare“使（人）作好準(zhǔn)備；叫（人）作準(zhǔn)備”：
①prepare + sb/oneself + for sth.例如：
He was preparing himself for the marathon race then.
他當(dāng)時(shí)正在為參加馬拉松比賽而作準(zhǔn)備。
②prepare + sb/oneself + 動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)。例如：
He prepared himself to take out a license for a driver.
他為取得汽車(chē)駕駛執(zhí)照作了準(zhǔn)備。
3) 過(guò)去分詞 prepared 用于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，意思為“為……做好準(zhǔn)備；打算”：
①be prepared + for （或 against ）引起的短語(yǔ)。例如：
They were prepared for the worst.
他們已準(zhǔn)備好應(yīng)付最壞的情況。
② be prepared + 不定式短語(yǔ)。例如：
I am not prepared to listen to all your weak excuses.
我不愿聽(tīng)你那些不成借口的借口。
其它 寫(xiě)出單詞意思
earthquake, quake, right away, well (n.) , million , event , pipe, burst, as if, at an end , nation , canal, steam, dirt, ruin, in ruins , suffering, extreme, injure, destroy, brick, dam, track, useless, steel, shock, rescue, trap, electricity, disaster, dig out, bury, mine, miner, shelter, a (great ) number of , title, reporter, bar, damage, frighten, frightened, frightening, congratulation, judge, sincerely, express, outline, headline, cyclist
shake,well,rise,smelly,pond,pipe,burst,canal,steam,ruin,injure,destroy,brick,dam,useless,steel,shock,quake,rescue,electricity,disaster,army,organize,bury,coal,mine,shelter,fresh,percent,speech,judge,honor,prepare,Europe.crack, survivor, miner
right away, at an end, dig out, give out, thousands of
重點(diǎn)句子
1. Farmers’ wives noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in them.
2. It seemed as if the world was at an end!
3. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves.
4. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
5. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
shake, rise, crack, burst, well, smelly, pond, steam, destroy, ruin, injure, survivor, brick, useless, shock, quake, rescue, electricity,
disaster, organize, bury, coal, mine, shelter, fresh, percent, honor, prepare.
② 短語(yǔ)：right away, at an end, lie in ruins, be trapped under sth, to the north of sp, put up, give out, wake sb up, prepare sth for sth., think little of sth.
選詞填空
dream of , make up one’s mind, change one’s mind,
give in, give up, insist on, stick to, determine to
John is a mountaineering-lover, who has _________conquering the Alps, a mountain with an altitude of 4804 meters since he was a middle school student. However, his mother thought that mountaineering was such a dangerous sport that she always tried to persuade him to _________. It is his deep love for climbing that made him __________ realizing his dream.
One day, John got the chance to climb the Alps. His friends __________ form a team to pay a visit to the Alps and of course John joined them happily. In order to do the trip properly, they examined every detail. Feeling his son’s great determination, John’s mother knew that he would not_____________. Finally, John and his friends succeeded in conquering the Alps.
第5單元
詞匯過(guò)關(guān)
1.重點(diǎn)單詞拼寫(xiě)
1) We should pay more attention to the q as well as the quantity.
2) He is always w to help anyone who is in t .
3) Whatever difficulty you meet, I hope you will never lose h .
4) Everything needs to be done according to a certain (原則,原理)
5) People in Iraq are dreaming of living a p life, that is they hope to live in p .
6) The thief was caught and was s in p for 3 years.
7) During the p when I was in my university, I studied l myself and became a l after graduation.
8) The final examination is coming. Our teacher a us to go over
our lessons carefully.
9) If it c to rain for some days, the crops would be destroyed.
10) If he gets that (職位），I think he can do it well.
11) He received a sum of money, but he didn’t want to a it.
12) They don’t want to solve the problem with v . Instead, they hope to solve it in a peaceful way.
13) In some countries, especially in some poor countries, women are not
really e to men.
14) If you feel cold while sleeping, you can add a b on your quilt.
15) As a well-e person, it’s hard for us to imagine that she treat the boy with such (殘忍).
2. 重點(diǎn)詞詞形變換
1) The pupils got to know that Liu Hulan was a and died and they were moved by her deeds. (hero)
2) They were so that they cut the man into pieces . We all felt sure that they would be punished by their . (cruel)
3) He is really a man with many , but do you think you are
enough to do the work? (quality)
4) Let him do what he . He is not to do that if it is against his . (will)
5) pay for work. That’s our rule. If we can’t treat every client , we will break the in our company. (equal)
6) We all enjoy the of the countryside, for we can live with the nature and live a life there. (peace)
7) You are not allowed to commit any , or you will become
a and be sentenced to prison for the act. (crime)
8) The big waves beat the coast . The wind blew with great , which caused a storm. (violence)
9) If this proposal is to you, you must it. In this way the proposal will meet with general . (accept)
10) She is always having the of snakes. She finds it to come across a snake, which will her very much. (terror)
1.短語(yǔ)積累
put...into prison 把……投進(jìn)監(jiān)獄
in fact, as a matter of fact 事實(shí)上
fight against 與……作斗爭(zhēng)
come to power 上臺(tái)執(zhí)政
break the law 違反法律
without pay 沒(méi)有報(bào)酬
lose heart 灰心；泄氣
be active in 積極參加；活躍
be willing to do something 愿意做某事
be out of work 失業(yè)
be stopped from doing something 被阻止做某事
answer violence with violence 以暴制暴
be in good health 健康良好お
blow up 發(fā)脾氣；爆炸
ask for 索-
be in trouble 處于麻煩中
die for 為……而死
advise somebody to do something 建議某人干某事
in reward for 作為……的回報(bào)
set up 建立
be sentenced to 被判處……
worry about 為……擔(dān)心
be free from 免去……之苦
2. 從上面列舉的短語(yǔ)中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)�，填入下面的空格�?/p>
1) Whatever great difficulty we meet, we’ll never .
2) If you can’t finish the work on time, you’ll be .
3) Your parents are you: do make a phone call to them.
4) She has been for a year and is looking forward to being in work again.
5) People expect to pollution and live in a pleasant environment.
6) -- I thought you wouldn’t mind.
--Well, I don’t; but you should have asked me first.
7) Several people were killed and many were hurt when a bomb at the busy street.
8) As soon as he arrived in Paris, he for the wrongs his family had done.
9) As a Jew, Einstein was forced to leave his homeland after Hitler .
10) The government has a working party to look into the problem of drug abuse.
11) He death because of killing someone on purpose.
12) The women workers should the men in pay since they do the same work.
重要句型
1. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress. (P34)
擬人用法：時(shí)間、地點(diǎn) + see/eyewitness + 事件。
1949 eyewitnessed the foundation of the People’s Republic of China.お
即時(shí)強(qiáng)化練習(xí)：
翻譯下列句子：
1) 我們學(xué)校是1993年成立的。
2) 在這個(gè)村莊曾經(jīng)發(fā)生過(guò)一次災(zāi)難。
2. Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. (P34)
Only+狀語(yǔ)+部分倒裝句
Only in this way can we find the correct answer.お
即時(shí)強(qiáng)化練習(xí)：
翻譯下列句子：
1) 只有當(dāng)你遭遇過(guò)這樣的事情后你才會(huì)相信。
2) 只有在這樣的一個(gè)家庭你才有這樣的好生活。
目標(biāo)解讀
1. Will you help others with their work if they ask you? (P33)
help sb with sth 幫助某人做某事
Would you please help me with my homework?
help的其它用法：
1）help sb. (to) do sth. 幫助某人做某事。
Can you help me to learn English?-
2）help oneself （ to sth ）自用（食物等）；隨便拿
Help yourself to the fish. 請(qǐng)隨便吃魚(yú)。
3）help sb. into/ out of 攙扶某人進(jìn)入 / 走出。
He helped the patient out of the hospital.
他攙扶病人走出了醫(yī)院。
Can you help the patient into the hospital?
你能攙扶病人進(jìn)醫(yī)院?jiǎn)幔?/p>
4）help sb. out 幫助某人克服困難，渡過(guò)難關(guān)、解決問(wèn)題、完成工作。 When I’m in trouble, he always helps me out with money.
每當(dāng)我處境困難時(shí)，他總是用金錢(qián)幫助我渡過(guò)難關(guān)。
Please help me out with thi