王青
【New words and expressions】生詞和短語(yǔ)（3）
persistent adj. 堅(jiān)持的，固執(zhí)的
avoid v. 避開(kāi)
insist v. 堅(jiān)持做
★persistent adj. 堅(jiān)持的, 固執(zhí)的
stubborn adj. 頑固的, 固執(zhí)的, 堅(jiān)定的, 堅(jiān)決的, 難應(yīng)付的, 難處理的
You are stubborn. 你這個(gè)死腦筋
persist v. 堅(jiān)持(不顧阻攔一味的堅(jiān)持):
persist in doing sth.
He persist in making noise.
★avoid v. 避開(kāi)
avoid doing sth. 避免做……
★insist v. 堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，堅(jiān)持說(shuō)（是人的一種態(tài)度）
① vt. &vi. 堅(jiān)持，堅(jiān)決認(rèn)為
insist on doing sth. 堅(jiān)持做……
My brother insist on going with me.
He insists on the importance of the meeting.
persevere v. 堅(jiān)持，堅(jiān)持不懈地努力(褒義詞)
persevere in sth./doing sth.
We should persevere in studying English.
perseverance n. 堅(jiān)持不懈
② vt. &vi. 堅(jiān)決主張/要求，一定要
I insist on speaking to the manager.
My wife insists that I (should) have my hair cut.
【Text】
I crossed the street to avoid meeting him, but he saw me and came running towards me. It was no use
pretending that I had not seen him, so I waved to him. I never enjoy meeting Nigel Dykes. He never has anything
to do. No matter how busy you are, he always insists on coming with you. I had to think of a way of preventing
him from following me around all morning.
'Hello, Nigel,' I said. 'Fancy meeting you here!'
'Hi, Elizabeth,' Nigel answered. 'I was just wondering how to spend the morning -- until I saw you. You're not
busy doing anything, are you?'
'No, not at all,' I answered. 'I'm going to...'
'Would you mind my coming with you?' he asked, before I had finished speaking.
'Not at all,' I lied, 'but I'm going to the dentist.'
'Then I'll come with you,' he answered. 'There's always plenty to read in the waiting room!’
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參考譯文
我穿過(guò)馬路以便避開(kāi)他, 但他看到我并朝我跑過(guò)來(lái). 若再裝作沒(méi)看見(jiàn)他已是沒(méi)有用了, 我只好向他招
手。我就怕遇到奈杰爾戴克斯. 他從來(lái)都是無(wú)事可做, 不管你多忙, 他總是堅(jiān)持要跟你去。我得想辦法不
讓他整個(gè)上午纏著我.
“你好, 奈杰爾, 想不到在這兒見(jiàn)到你. “我說(shuō).
“你好, 伊麗莎白, “奈杰爾回答說(shuō), “我正不知道怎么消磨這一上午呢, 正好見(jiàn)到你. 你不忙, 是嗎?”
“不, 不忙, 我打算去……” 我回答.
“我跟你一道去行嗎?” 沒(méi)等我說(shuō)完話(huà)他就問(wèn)道.
“沒(méi)關(guān)系, 但我準(zhǔn)備去牙醫(yī)那里. “我說(shuō)了個(gè)謊.
“那我也跟你去, 候診室里總有很多東西可供閱讀!” 他回答.
【課文講解】
1、I crossed the street to avoid meeting him, but he saw me and came running towards me.
cross v. 穿過(guò)
I cross the garden.
across adv.&prep. 穿過(guò)
I go across the garden.
avoid doing sth. 避免……
come running towards sb. 向某人跑過(guò)來(lái)
2、It was no use pretending that I had not seen him, so I waved to him.
It is (of) no use doing… 做……是沒(méi)有用處的，做……是徒步的/無(wú)益的
It is no use pretending … 假裝……是沒(méi)有用了
It is no use crying over the spilled milk. 覆水難收
It is no use punishing him.
wave to sb. 向某人招手
3、I never enjoy meeting Nigel Dykes.
enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做……
appreciate sth./doing sth. 喜歡做……
4、He never has anything to do.
用不定式做定語(yǔ), 修飾anything，不定式放在不定代詞后面
anything to do sth. 任何要做的事
anything to eat sth. 可以吃的東西； anything to drink 可以喝的東西
5、No matter how busy you are, he always insists on coming with you.
no matter 常與how，when，where，what，who等引導(dǎo)的從句連用，譯為“無(wú)論……”
No matter how old you are,…
No matter where you are,…
No matter who you are,…
No matter how tired you are, your children insisted on listening to stories.
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insist on doing sth. 堅(jiān)持做……
6、I had to think of a way of preventing him from following me around all morning.
think of a way of doing sth. 想一個(gè)做某事的方法
think of a way of solving
prevent sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事, 讓某人不做某事
stop sb. from doing sth. 讓某人不做某事
keep sb. from doing sth. 讓某人不做某事(保持不做某事)
forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事
7、Fancy meeting you here!
=Imagine meeting you here! 真想不到會(huì)在這見(jiàn)到你! （fancy＝imagine）
“fance+名詞”表示驚訝
★fance
① vt. 設(shè)想，想像
Fancy Ian not knowing the answer to such an easy question!
② vt. 想要，喜歡（往往用于指?jìng)�(gè)人愛(ài)好）
It’s a fine day and I fancy driving down to the coast.
8、You're not busy doing anything, are you?
be busy doing sth. 忙著做……
反意疑問(wèn)句的回答, 根據(jù)事實(shí)回答
9、Would you mind my coming with you?
“Would/Do you mind +動(dòng)名詞/if引導(dǎo)的從句”用來(lái)表示客氣的請(qǐng)求或征求意見(jiàn)，表示同意/不介意時(shí)，
用“No, not at all”或“Certainly not”回答；不同意時(shí)往往用一些委婉的說(shuō)法，如“I’m sorry, but…”等回
答，不用“yes, I so”。
Would you mind if I open the windows?
Certainly not. /Sorry, but it’s cold here.
mind (sb’_____s) +doing sth. 介意某人做某事
-ing的邏輯主語(yǔ)有四種形式，分為兩大類(lèi)
① 作為代詞, 可以用人稱(chēng)代詞的賓格, 又可以用形容詞性物主代詞
② 作為名詞, 可以保持本身不變, 也可以變成名詞所有格
作主語(yǔ)時(shí)必須是所有格(名詞所有格, 形容詞性物主代詞), 但作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以用所有格, 也可用普通格
(人稱(chēng)代詞賓格)
Would you mind my parents' having dinner with me?
Would you mind me opening the door?
Would you mind my/me smoking?
Would you mind me making myself at home? 你介意我把這兒當(dāng)成家嗎?
【Composition】
1 There was a dentist nearby. She knew him well. Elizabeth decided to go there. She would
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explain what had happened.(As…whom…in order to)
3 Elizabeth left. The dentist went into the waiting room.‘Do you want to have your teeth examined?’he
askeb Nigel. (After…and asked Nigel if…)
1 as(因?yàn)? whom(引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句)…in order to (目的狀語(yǔ))
There was a dentist nearby whom she knew well Elizabeth decided to go there in order to explain what had
happened.
3 Afrer Elizabeth left, the dentist went into the waiting room and asked Nigel if he wanted to have his teeth
examined.
【Key structure】
動(dòng)名詞的用法
有些動(dòng)詞后可以用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，但不能用不定式。這些動(dòng)詞包括avoid，admit，deny，fancy，finish，
enjoy，mind（在乎，在意），suggest，stand（容忍）等。
有些結(jié)構(gòu)通常要接動(dòng)名詞，如busy，worth，it is no/little use，bored with，interested in，insist on，
prevent…from等：
I was looking forward to reading those books.
Well, you can’t read them, so it’s no use thinking about them.
動(dòng)名詞可以有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)（即動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者，而不是句子的主語(yǔ)）：
Please excuse his not writing to you.
Do you mind my smoking?
come 和go之后可以跟與戶(hù)外活動(dòng)相關(guān)的動(dòng)名詞（climbing，driving，fishing，riding，shopping，walking
等），表示建議、邀請(qǐng)或敘事。
There’s no point in my coming climbing with you.
我和你們?nèi)ヅ郎胶翢o(wú)意義。（there’s no point in =it is no use）
感知?jiǎng)釉~（hear，see，fell，watch等）后面既可以跟賓語(yǔ)加分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，也可以跟賓語(yǔ)加不帶to的不定
式。現(xiàn)在分詞往往強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，用于敘述中時(shí)使人身臨其境；不定式則可以表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生了或過(guò)程
結(jié)束了。有時(shí)它們之間的區(qū)別不大，可以互相替換使用。
【語(yǔ)法精粹】
動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：由名詞所有格或物主代詞與動(dòng)名詞構(gòu)成
動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)多作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ), 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)必須是所有格(名詞所有格, 形容詞性物主代詞), 但作賓語(yǔ)
時(shí)可以用所有格, 也可用普通格(人稱(chēng)代詞賓格)
His leaving is a great loss. 他的離去是一個(gè)很大的損失
Mother dislikes my(me) working late. 媽媽不喜歡我工作很遲
Mother dislikes my sleeping late.
John's having seen her did not make her worried.
約翰已經(jīng)見(jiàn)到她的事實(shí), 沒(méi)有讓她感到擔(dān)心
后面可以接動(dòng)詞-ing的詞：介詞；某些動(dòng)詞，如avoid, enjoy, finish, It is no use, prevent sb from, fancy,
imagine, escape, risk, allow，deny, appreciate, complete, delay, mind, practice, resent, risk, suggest, permit…
insist on doing, persist in doing, persevere in doing, give up doing
某些詞加邏輯主語(yǔ)是，要用不定式作賓語(yǔ)，如：
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新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)筆記
allow+doing sth.(動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)) ；allow sb. to do sth.(不定式作賓語(yǔ))
advise sb. to do sth. ；advise doing sth.
這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)如：advise，allow，permit，recommend, etc.
【Multiple choice questions】
6 He insisted__b__ with her.
(a) to go (b)that he should go (c) to going (d) in going
insist on doing sth. 堅(jiān)持做……
insist +從句(should +原形) （用虛擬語(yǔ)氣_____）
9 She didn't pretend she hadn't seen him. She didn't __c__she hadn't.
(a) make as if (b) do as if (c) act as if (d) conduct as if
as if… 似乎, 好像……
do as if (不這么用)
act as if … 做得好象……
conduct+oneself 表現(xiàn)
10 She waved to him. She __c__him.
(a)shook (b)saluted (c)greeted (d)called
salute v. 問(wèn)候(軍人向長(zhǎng)官的)行軍禮, 敬禮
greet v. 問(wèn)候
12 She lied to him. What she said was __a__.
(a) false (b)true (c)lie (d) wrong
lie to sb. 向某人撒謊
false adj. 錯(cuò)誤的, 虛偽的, 假的, 無(wú)信義的, 偽造的, 人工的, 不老實(shí)的
lie n. 謊言（可數(shù)名詞，tell a lie）
What she said was a lie.