羅玉南
Lesson 7
Teaching Aims:
l. Learn and master the following words and expressions.
give up, be used to, get into the habit of, hardly, call for
2. Grammar: Noun Clauses as the object and predicative.
Teaching Important Points:
1. The use of these expressions: give up, be used to, call for, get into the habit of
2. Noun Clauses as the object and predicative.
Teaching Difficult Points:
The difference between "be used to'and "used to".
Teaching Methods:
1. Question-and-answer activity to help the Ss to go through with the passage.
2. Discussion method to help the Ss understand the text further.
3. Pair work to make every student work in class.
Teaching Aims:
1. a tape recorder 2. a slide projector3. the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step I Greetings
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step 2 Revision and Lead-in
T: Yesterday we learned a passage about smoking. We know that smoking is bad for people's health and we also know that Chinese people smoke more than British people and in Britain more women smoke than men. Now please
answer two questions according to what we have learned. How much does cigarette smoking cost the government every year? Any volunteers? OK. Ma Li, you try.
S:It costs the government about 28 billion yuan every year.
T:Right. Why do the tobacco companies encourage more young people to start smoking?
S: Because tobacco companies want to keep in business and make money.
T: Very good. Today we are going to read another鷓art鷒f鷗he鷓assage--No smoking, please (II). It will tell us why people smoke and why they can't give it up.
(Show the words on the screen. Let the Ss read the words after the tape: Teacher can give a brief introduction to the Ss if necessary. )
Step 3 Reading
T: Now open your books. Turn to Page10, please. I'll give you three minutes to read the passage quickly and try to find the answers to these questions.
1. Why do people smoke?
2. What is the name of the drug in cigarettes?
(After a short while, teacher begins to ask questions. )
T: Wang Ping, you try. Please answer No. 1:Why do people smoke?
S: Because there are drugs that get them into the habit of smoking in the cigarette.
T: Right. Sit down, please, Guo J un. What about Question 2:What is the name of the drug in cigarettes?
S: Nicotine.
T: Very good. Please read the passage again and answer some detailed questions on the screen.
(Teacher shows the questionnaire screen. )
1. Why can't people stop smoking?
2. What is nicotine?
3. Why do so many people find it hard to give up smoking?
(After three minutes, teacher asks students to answer. )
S1:Nicotine is a drug that gets one into the habit of smoking.
S2:Nicotine is a drug that is very bad for people's health and it can easily get one into the habit of smoking.
S3:There are two reasons for the problem. On one hand, cigarettes contain a drug called nicotine. Once you start smoking and taking the drug, it is hard for you to give it up;on the other hand, when smokers who are used to nicotine go without it for an hour or two they begin to feel bad because the body is calling for a new supply of the drug nicotine which can make them .feel better at that moment. So they begin to smoke and their habit of smoking continues.That's all for your answers. Just now when you were reading, you may find some sentences and phrases are hard to understand. I'll explain them to you. Now please look at the screen.
Step4鶯anguage points:
1．One thing that will stop them feeling bad is the drug nicotine, which is contained in cigarettes．使他們消除難受感覺的一種東西，就是香煙中所含的麻醉劑尼古訂）
(1) stop sb．from doing sth．的意思是“阻止某人做某事”，可用prevent或keep代替stop，但用keep時不能將from省略，而stop或prevent則可以。例如：
Nothing can stop／prevent us from telling the truth．什么也不能阻止我們說出事情的真相。鶷he heavy rain kept us from going out．大雨使得我們不能外出。煩
(2) stop后面不接動詞不定式作賓語補足語，因此不能說stop sb．to do sth．。例如：
Nothing can stop them from talking．什么也不能阻止他們說話。
誤：Nothing can stop them to talk.
2.“習慣做……”五句型
1)have／form the habit of doing sth．（養成……的習慣）
2)be in the habit of doing sth．（有……的習慣）
3)get／fall into the habit of doing sth．（沾染……的習慣，常指壞習慣）
4)kick／give up／break the habit of doing sth．（改掉……的習慣）
5)be／get／become／grow used to (doing) sth．（強調由不習慣到習慣）
[考例]牏費any people are still in ＿＿＿ habit of writing silly things in ＿＿＿public places．(NMET’93)牘
A．the爐he鶥．不填；不填鶦．the牪惶瞟鶧．不填爐he (Key: C)牘
②He used ＿＿＿ on the right in China, but he soon got used ＿＿＿ on the left in England．
A．to drive;爐o drive鶥．to drive;燿riving鶦．to driving;爐o drive D．to drive; to driving (Key:烡)3.give up放棄；讓出；投降鶥ruce wouldn’t give up his struggle．布魯斯不愿放棄斗爭。鶬 can’t get it．I give up．我猜不出來，我認輸了。鶶he gave up many of her holidays to help us．她放棄了好多假日來幫助我們。
4．call for=need /ask for 要求（獲得、擁有）；需要；（到某處）接人
They are calling for more workers for the new project．他們要求為新項目增加工人。
I’ll call for you at your house at nine．我九點鐘到你家去接你。
He entered the bar and called for a glass of beer．他走進酒吧要了一杯啤酒。
5．go without在沒有……的情況下勉強對付過去
It’s very dangerous to go without enough food for a long time．長期的食物短缺是很危險的。
6. used構成的五個短語一表清鶯esson 2中有這樣一個句子：His family was poor and he used to sit in the family garage and draw pictures there．同樣在Lesson 7里也有這樣一個句子：When smokers who are used to nicotine go without it for an hour or two，they begin to feel bad．前一個句子有 used to短語，后一個句子有be used to短語。由used構成的常用短語有五個，為了便于同學們全面掌握其用法，現將它們用法表解如下，并附練習供同學們檢測。
used/ju:st/to 過去常常
是情態動詞，含義為過去常常干什么，而現在不干了。其問句，否定句、反意疑問句均可用used或did構成。
Her father used to smoke to much..
Used her father to smoke too much?
2.be/get/become
Used/ju:st/to(doning) sth.習慣于
to是介詞，其后接名詞或doing。get, become，表示動作，be 表示狀態。Are you used to the weather in Beijing?
You will soon get used to swimming in winter.
3.be used/ju:zd/to do 被用來干
to是不定式符號，后接動詞原形。它為use sth.to do sth.的被動結構。Water can be used to produce electricity.
4.be used/ju:zd/for 被用作
此短語為use…for的被動結構.
Knives are used for cutting things.
5.be used/ju:zd/as當作用……此短語為use…as的被動結構。Pupils often use leaves as their bookmarks.
A)Exercises:
用上述五個短語的適當形式填空,使句子完整與正確.
1．Who knows the name of the tool that ____________ lifting cars．
2．He came from the north，so he ____________ such hot weather．
3．The farmers in China __________ live a poor life，but now most of them live a happy life．
4．As you know，cotton __________ make quilts．
5．English __________ a foreign language．
答案:1．is used for 2．wasn't used to（didn't get ／become used to）3．used to 4．is used to 5.is used as
B)Deal with Part 5 (page 9).
Step 5. Listening and Consolidation.
Listen to the tape of the text and then deal with Part 2 on page 10.
Step 6 Language study and practice
Part 3 and part 4.
表語從句
在句中充當表語的從句叫做表語從句。引導表語從句的詞有連詞that， whether；連接代詞who，what，which；連接副詞when，where，how，why以及其它連詞as if，as though，because等。例如：
9．What the doctors really doubt is____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon．（2001春季上海）
A．when B．howC．whether鶧．why
10．-I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week．-Is that ____ you had a few days off？（NMET99）
A．why B．when C．what D．where
11．Go and get your coat．It's____ you left it．（MET92）
A．there B．where C．there where D．where there
12．I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella．____I got wet all through．（98上海）
A．It's the reason B．That's why鶦．There's why D．It's how
Step 7 Workbook
Ex.3 Ask the students to do it first, then check the keys to it.
Step 8 Homework
1.Read the text again and again.
2.Revise all the language points in this unit.
Step 9 The design of the writing on the blackboard
鶯esson 7
Phrases:
1. give up + n./ pron. / v-ing
2. get (sb. ) into the habit of...
3.be used to + n./ pron. / v.-ing/鷘sed to + v.
4. go without
5. call for
6. stop sb. (from)doing sth.
Grammar:
1. They know (that) the habit may kill them.
2. The problem with tobacco is that it contains a drug called nicotine.
Lesson 8
Teaching Aims:
l. Learn and master the following Four Skills: club, compare...with...
2. Review the grammatical points and useful phrases in this unit.
3. Train the Ss' listening and writing abilities.
Teaching Important Points:
l. Train the Ss' abilities of listening and writing.
2. Four skills: club, compare...with...
Teaching Difficult Points:
Train and improve the Ss' listening ability.
Teaching Methods :
1. listening-and-answer activity to help the Ss to go through with the listening material.
2. Review method to help the Ss to remember what they've learned.
3. Individual or pair work to make the Ss work in class.
Teaching Aims:
1. a slide projector2. a tape recorder 3. the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Greetings
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step 2 Revision
T: First let's review the Attributive Clause. Up to now, what relative pronouns have we learned? Please answer together.
Ss: that, which, who, whom, whose.
T:Yeah. Let's do an exercise now. Look at the screen. (Show the following on the screen. )
Fill in the blanks with the relative pronouns.
1. The panda is an animal __ is protected by the Chinese government.
2. People __ smoke in bed often fall asleep while they are smoking.
3. Nicotine is a drug __ gets one into the habit of smoking.
4. A man ____smokes a lot each day may not enjoy a long life.
5. One thing __ will stop people feeling bad is the drug nicotine, ____is contained in cigarettes.
6. One of the most serious illnesses____ are caused by smoking cigarettes is lung cancer.
7. Mary, ______ sister also works at the hospital, will use your office next month.
8. Dr Turner, ______ you met yesterday, is an expert on ENT.
Suggested answers:
1. which/that 2. who/that 3. which/that 4. who/that 5. that, which 6. that/which 7. whose 8. whom
Step 3 Word Study
T: Now look at Part 2 on Page 1. Who'd like to tell the meaning of the words in the box?
S: Let me try. (Give the meaning of each word. )
T: OK. Now you are given three minutes to get them ready. After that I'll check your answers.
Suggested answers:
1. share 2. habit 3. remains 4. chances 5. permission6. persuaded7. compare
Step 4 Checkpoint
T: In this unit, we learned Noun Clauses as the Object and the Predicative. Now look at the screen.
They know (that) the habit will kill them.
The problem with tobacco is that it contains a drug called nicotine.
T: Which clause is an Object Clause?
Ss: "That the habit will kill them ”is an Object Clause.
T: Yes. And the other clause--" that it contains a drug called nicotine" is a Predicative Clause. We must pay attention to "that" can not be omitted in the Predicative Clause. Are you clear?
Ss: Yes.
T :In this unit we also learned some useful expressions. Now let's have a little quiz. Look at the screen.
Complete the sentences below with the expressions in the box.
go ahead, burn down, compared to, give up,be/get used to, get into the habit
of, compare...with, die of, die from
Suggested answers:
1. give up2. burnt down3. are used to 4. die from5. gave up6. get used to
7. died of8. compare, with 9. get into the habit of 10. go ahead11. Compared to
Step 5 Writing
(Write two notices on the blackboard. )
(Bb: YOUNG PEOPLE! DON'T JOIN THE GROUP OF PEOPLE IN HOSPITAL, THE GROUP OF DYING PEOPLE, BECAUSE THEY SMOKE. 300 DIE EVERY DAY, BECAUSE THEY SMOKE. WHAY'S GREAT ABOUT BEING IN THAT GROUP?)
T:There are two notices on the blackboard about not smoking from Britain.Now please choose some information about China and then write the sentences on a piece of paper. At last I will ask some of you to read them out.
(Teacher walks among the students and checks what they have written. At last let some of the students read out what they have written. )
Suggested answers:
1. SMOKING IS HAZARDOUS YOUR HEALTH.
2. TO SMOKE IS TO KILL YOURSELF.
3. IF YOU WANT TO LIVE LONGER, PLEASE GIVE UP SMOKING!
Step 6 Listening
T:Now turn to Page 146. Let's listen to the tape. Six friends are having a discussion about smoking. Listen carefully, then do the exercises behind it.
Listening Text:
1
I don't smoke a lot,just when l'm studying. I think it helps me study better.
2
I don't see what's wrong with smoking. I think people are wrong when they
say that smoking is dangerous. My grandpa has smoked thirty cigarettes a day and
he's 83 years old.
3
I don't like people who smoke, their hair smells, their clothes smell,and when
they smoke in your house the room smells of smoke for days.
4
I enjoy smoking cigarettes. I like the taste of a cigarettes after a meal.It's a simple pleasure, that's all.
5
People think it's clever to smoke,but I don't. It's expensive, it's dirty and it's not healthy.
6
My mother died from smoking. It was a terrible time. She was in hospital for two months and the doctors couldn't do anything to save her. I shall never
smoke myself.
Suggested answers:
Ex. 1. For 1,2,4 Against:3,5,6
Ex. 2.1)1 study better when I smoke.
2) Smoking is not dangerous.
3) I do not like the smell.
4) I like the taste of a cigarette after a meal.
5)It's expensive,it's dirty and it's not healthy.
6)My mother died from smoking.
3 1)A2)B3)B4)A 5)B 6)A
Step 7 Workbook
T:Now open your books. Turn to Page 81,please, Let's do Ex.1 and Ex.3.
鶩ill in the blanks with the new words from the unit.
Suggested answers
Ex. 1.1 ) Tobacco 3) Persuade 5 ) remain 7) reduce 2) typewriter 4) habit 6) smelly
Ex. 3 1)give up 3)are used to 5) gave up 7) died of 2)burnt down 4) die from 6)get used to
Step 8 Homework
T:Now, today's homework. 1. Do Ex. 4 in your exercise books.
2. Prepare for the revision exercises.
3. Revise all the language points in this unit. That's all for today. Class is over.
Suggested answers:
Ex. 4. 1)China is a country which/that produces one third of the world's cigarettes.
2) People who often smoke usually have bad teeth.
3)The food that has gone bad鷌s bad for health.
4) The house which we used to live in was burnt down in a big fire.
5) Yesterday I met the expert who gave us a talk on computers.
Step 9 The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
Lesson 8
NOTICES
YOUNG PEOPLE!DON'TJOIN THE GROUP OF PEOPLE IN鶫OSPITAL, ThE GROUP OF DYING PEOPLE, BECAUSE THEY鶶MOKE. 300 DIE EVERY DAY, BECAUSE THEY SMOKE. WHAT's GREAT ABOUT BEING IN THAT GROUP?
Ex.3. Smoking is Harmful
As we all know, smoking is a bad habit, but it is easy for some people to fall into.Medical evidence shows that smoking obviously does harm to our health. For example, lung cancer, high blood pressure and other heart diseases have much to do with smoking. It is reported that tens of thousands of people in the world die from smoking every day.
鶶moking is harmful not only to yourself but also to others. It may cause pollution and fires. Cigarettes are usually very expensive and you have to spend much money on them. So smoking is really a waste of money. In my opinion, smoking means buying death with money. It is said that if you smoke one cigarette, your life will be one second short, so you must stop smoking for your鷄nd others' health.