I. 課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求掌握的項(xiàng)目
話題：Talking about botany
詞匯：procedure, rose, strawberry, lemon, bunch, merely, herb, classify, identification, male, promote, botanical, privilege, cosy, appetite, wealth, appoint, calculate, astronomy, expense, cocoa, enterprise, settlement, accumulate, abandon, straw, pineapple, tone, reward, technician, nowhere, altogether, appearance, output, latter, distinguish, millimeter , look out for, on a large scale, year after year, pass away, name…after, in detail
功能：敘述步驟（Expressing procedures）
The primary goal was to…
Firstly…, Secondly…, Then…, Thirdly…, finally/ Lastly…
II. 課文中出現(xiàn)的詞組
1． .match…with （在品質(zhì)；顏色；設(shè)計(jì)等方面）相等，相當(dāng)，相配
2． a bunch of flowers 一束花
3． make attempts to do sth. 試圖做……，努力做…
4． classify…into…把……分類為……
5． be based on 以……為基礎(chǔ)，以……為根據(jù)
6． at first sight 乍看上去， 開(kāi)始考慮時(shí)
lose one’s sight =become blind 失明
at the sight of…一看見(jiàn)……
catch sight of 突然看到/瞥見(jiàn)/注意到……
in/ within sight 在視野內(nèi)/看得見(jiàn)
out of sight 在視野外/ 看不見(jiàn)
come into sight 出現(xiàn)
lose sight of…忘記考慮/處理某事，看不見(jiàn)……
7． be born into / to/ of…出身為……，出生在……+
be born with…天生有……，
8． lead a cosy life 過(guò)著舒適的生活
27. spread over the glove 傳遍全球
29. in charge of 負(fù)責(zé) 9． have an appetite for …愛(ài)好……，渴望……
10． make a career 向上爬，謀求發(fā)展/發(fā)跡
11． appoint…as…任命某人為……
12． look out for…注意查看，警惕;留心;守侯
13． on a large scale 大規(guī)模地
14． a great success 一個(gè)（件）非常成功的人（事）
15． be involved in…參與（某活動(dòng)），與……有關(guān)聯(lián)
16． in one’s youth 在某人年輕時(shí)
17． pass away 逝世
18． name…after 給……取名;命名
19． in detail 詳細(xì)
20． .lie in 在于
21． related to 與……有關(guān)
22． .the key to 關(guān)鍵是(在于)
23． .adapt to 適應(yīng)于
24. .be sunken into 墮入
25. be passed on from one generation to the next
26. in view在看得見(jiàn)的地方, 被考慮, 被期待
28． be of equal importance to…
III. 句型
1. Attempts had been made by others to classify plant species into groups, but the breakthrough came with the work of Carl Linnaeus.
2. Wonderful discoveries had been made of strange new lands, cultures, animals and plants.
3. Showing how plants were related was a complex and strange thing before Linnaeus developed his system.
4. Born into a life of privilege, Joseph Banks was the son of a wealthy family.
5. Despite his wealth, he worked to make a career in science.
6. It was the British government that paid for all the equipment and expenses for that part of the expedition.
It was Darwin’s visit on the Beagle to the Galapagos Isles that gave him the key to his new theory.
It was Joseph Banks who made Kew a centre of scientific and economic research.
7. On their three-year voyage, Joseph Banks did not only study and describe new plants he found, but also looked out for new economic species…
8. After that Captain Cook made two more voyages around the world, but Joseph Banks never undertook another.
9. In 1778, banks was elected president of the Royal Society, a position he held for 42 years.
10. In his youth Charles Darwin enjoyed all the freedom to experiment and do whatever he liked .
11. Most of the life forms could be found nowhere else.
12. There were even differences between the species of the different islands; yet all showed a clear relationship with those of America, though separated from that continent by about 600 miles.
13. As a result of Darwin and Mendel’s research, scientists of the nineteenth century formed the belief that the influence of the environment was behind the development of new species.
IV. 部分知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解
１． appoint 的用法及派生詞
appoint vt. 任命，約定（時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)等）
appointment n. 約會(huì)，安排
appointee n, 被任命／指定人
appointer n. 指定人 disappoint vt. 使……失望
disappointed adj. 失望的
disappointing adj. 令人失望的
disappointment n . 失望，令人失望的人／
2. expense 的用法
n. 花費(fèi)；代價(jià)；消耗；開(kāi)支；經(jīng)費(fèi)；費(fèi)錢(qián)之物
at one’s expense 歸某人付費(fèi)；在使某人受損害的情況下＝at the expense of sb.
put sb. to expense 使某人負(fù)擔(dān)費(fèi)用，使某人花錢(qián)
expensive adj. 昂貴的，花費(fèi)／錢(qián)多的
３． “死”的幾種表達(dá)
die 死亡（最常用的詞）
pass away 去世，逝世（諱飾的用法）
kick the bucket 一命嗚呼（詼諧的說(shuō)法） stop one’s breath 停止呼吸（表示死了）
die out 滅絕（多指物種的滅亡）
sacrifice 犧牲（用于正義的一方）
lose one’s life 喪生
4. distinguish 的用法： vt. 1) 區(qū)別，辨別，識(shí)別 distinguish sth. ; distinguish A. from B. =tell A. from B.
2) distinguish things into classes 把……區(qū)別分類 ３）distinguish oneself 使杰出，使顯出特色
４）distinguished adj. 以……著名的（for, by） =famous a distinguished writer 杰出的作家
５）distinguish right from wrong =distinguish between right and wrong 分辨正誤
５．detail n. 細(xì)節(jié)；詳情；逐一處理；零件；元件；枝節(jié)；瑣碎；分譴（隊(duì)）
in detail 詳細(xì)地；go/enter into details 詳細(xì)敘述；逐一說(shuō)明；for further details 為了知道詳細(xì)情況（請(qǐng)?jiān)儐?wèn)，參考等）
detailed adj. 詳細(xì)的，明細(xì)的 a detailed report 詳細(xì)的報(bào)告