北 京 四 中
重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語與句型
1.depend on/upon 依賴，依靠，取決于
2.and so on 等等（表示列舉未盡）
3.tongue twister 繞口令
4.make fun of 取笑，嘲笑
5.date back 回溯到
6.make use of 利用某事物（某人）
7.be on good terms （with sb.） （與某人）關(guān)系好
8.drive off 把（車）開走，趕走，擊退
9.look on…as 把…看作
10.ahead of （在空間或時(shí)間上比某人、某物）更前，更早
11.give sb. a hand 給某人幫助
12.get through 通過，度過，到達(dá)
13.tear down 弄倒某物，拆除某物
14.hold up 舉起
15.make a face 做鬼臉
16.in order 按順序，整齊
17.sow seeds 播種
18.harvest good crops 收獲，豐收
19.remove weeds 除草
20.over time 隨著時(shí)間的推移
21.act the role of… 扮演…的角色
22.cross-dressing men 男扮女裝
23.roar with laughter 開懷大笑
24.an amusing story 逗樂的故事
25.act out a situation 表演一個(gè)場景
26.create a rapid flow of fun 創(chuàng)造出連綿不斷的樂趣
27.knock sb. off his bicycle 把某人從自行車上撞下來
28.ride on 繼續(xù)騎車
29.cut off 切斷，突然中止
30.scream one’s way 一路尖叫
31.表示打算和計(jì)劃：
I will…
I intend to…
I plan/want to…
I’ve decided （not）to…
I am going to…
I hope to…
I wish to…
I hope not…
知識點(diǎn)歸納：
1.over 介詞 “在…期間，直到…過完，貫穿（一時(shí)間段）”
eg.
⑴Over the next few days they got to know the town well.
在隨后的幾天里他們就熟悉那個(gè)鎮(zhèn)子了。
⑵We discussed it over lunch.
我們吃午飯時(shí)商議了此事。
⑶In this way over several days the artist and his mouse became good friends.
就這樣過了幾天，這位藝術(shù)家和他的老鼠就成了好朋友。
⑷She had a cold over Christmas.
圣誕節(jié)期間她患了感冒。
⑸Some waste rots away over a long period of time.
有些食物要經(jīng)過好長時(shí)間才會腐爛。
⑹Let’s have a chat over a cup of coffee.
咱們邊喝咖啡邊聊天吧。
*over 做前綴，表示“過多，過度”
overcharge v. 索費(fèi)過高
overcrowded adj. 過分擁擠的
overcoat n. 大衣
overeat v. 吃的過多
overjoyed adj. 極高興
overload v. 裝載過重
overreact v. 反應(yīng)過激
oversleep v. 睡過頭
overstay v. 呆得超過（某期限）
overweight adj. 超重的
overwork v. 工作過勞或時(shí)間過長
overgrowth n. 生長太快，生長過度
高考題鏈接：
They had a pleasant chat_____ a cup of coffee.（2003北京高考）
A. for B. with C. during D. over
分析：over的意思是“在…期間，直到…過完”，題意為：他們一邊喝咖啡一邊聊天。
答案：D
2.depend on/upon 依賴，依靠，取決于
短語搭配：
depend on/upon sb. to do 指望某人做某事
depend on/upon + wh-clause 取決于
depend on/upon it that… 指望…（it 是形式賓語，that是真正的賓語）
That/It （all） depends. 那得視情況而定
depend on/upon sb. 依賴/依靠某人
depend on/upon sth 取決于…
⑴Whether the game will be played depend on the weather.
比賽是否進(jìn)行要看天氣的好壞。
⑵Our success depends on whether everyone works hard.
我們的成功取決于每個(gè)人是否努力。
⑶He depends on his son for support.
他靠兒子供養(yǎng)。
⑷I may help you, but that depends.
我也許幫助你，但得視情況而定。
⑸You may depend on it that he will help you.
你可以指望他來幫助你。
⑹We can depend on him to do it well.
我們可以指望他把事情辦好。
⑺I haven’t got a car, so I have to depend on the buses.
我沒有汽車，所以我得乘公共汽車。
*dependent adj. 依靠的，依賴的
常用于：
be dependent on/upon sb./sth 依賴某人的，取決于某事物
eg.
⑴He is still dependent on his parents.
他仍然依賴父母（補(bǔ)助）。
⑵Success is dependent on how hard you work.
成功取決于努力的程度。
* dependence n. 信賴，依賴，依靠
Find a job and end your dependence on your parents.
找個(gè)工作，別再依賴你父母了。
* dependable adj. 可信賴的，可靠的
He is a dependable friend.
他是可信賴的朋友。
高考題鏈接：
----Will you go skiing with me this winter vacation?
----It _______. （2002上海高考）
A. all depend B. all depends C. is all depended D. is all depending
分析：本題考查的是“It （all）depends.”（那要看情況而定），也可說成“That （all）depends.”
答案：B
3.couple n. 一對，一雙；夫婦
⑴Peter and Jane are a nice couple. Let’s invite them to dinner.
彼得和珍妮夫婦很好，我們請他們吃飯吧。
⑵The couple is/are spending their honeymoon.
這對新婚夫婦正在度蜜月。
短語搭配：a couple of
* 兩人，兩物
⑴I’ll stay for a couple more hours.
我再多呆兩小時(shí)。
⑵I saw a couple of men get out.
我看見有兩個(gè)人出去了。
*幾個(gè)人，幾個(gè)事物
She jogs a couple of miles every morning.
她每天早上要慢跑幾英里。
辨析：pair : a set of two things which are not used separately from each other
指使用時(shí)彼此不能分開的兩件東西構(gòu)成的物品，這兩件東西可以連在一起，也可以不連在一起，但缺一不可。
eg.
a pair of glasses 一副眼鏡
a pair of trousers 一條褲子
a pair of shoes 一雙鞋
a pair of gloves 一副手套
a pair of ear-rings 一對耳環(huán)
couple : two things of the same kind 指同一類中的另一個(gè)，但并不意味著是同樣的，且可分可合
eg. I found a couple of socks in the room but they don’t make a pair.
我在房間里找到了兩只襪子，但它們不成一雙
4.intend v. 打算，意圖
常見搭配：
intend to do 打算干某事
intend doing 打算干某事
intend for… 打算給（某人）或作（某種用途）
intend sb. to do 打算讓某人做…
intend that… 打算…
⑴I intend that he shall do it.
我打算讓他做這件事。
⑵What do you intend to do（或doing）?
你打算怎么做？
⑶The book is intended for the beginners.
這本書是為初學(xué)者編的。
⑷Do you intend to study abroad next year?
你打算明年去國外學(xué)習(xí)嗎？
⑸I intend you to take over.
我打算讓你來接管。
⑹I don’t intend to listen to this rubbish any longer.
我再也不想聽這些無稽之談了。
5.suffer v.
* 感到疼痛，遭受痛苦，常與from搭配
⑴Do you suffer from headaches?
你常頭疼嗎？
⑵Sometimes I suffer from toothaches.
有時(shí)我遭受牙疼之苦。
⑶It is said that he suffers from high blood pressure.
據(jù)說他患有高血壓。
⑷The country has always suffered from floods and drought.
這個(gè)國家經(jīng)常遭受水旱災(zāi)害。
*受到，遭受
⑴We suffered huge losses in the financial crisis.
我們在金融危機(jī)中損失慘重。
⑵She suffered the loss of her students’ respect.
她喪失了學(xué)生對她的尊敬。
*忍受，忍耐
⑴I can’t suffer his rudeness.
我不能容忍他的粗魯無禮。
⑵How can you suffer such insolence?
你怎能忍受這樣的侮辱呢？
* suffering n. 痛苦，苦難
⑴The old man died without much suffering.
那位老人死時(shí)沒有多大痛苦。
⑵Please have pity for others’ sufferings.
請同情他人之痛苦。
高考題鏈接：
______ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.（NMET2001）
A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered
分析：根據(jù)already可知句意為：“河流已遭受如此嚴(yán)重的污染，現(xiàn)在要想清理也許太晚了”，所以此處應(yīng)用suffer的現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。
答案：A
6.certain/sure常用于以下搭配：
I’m certain/sure that… 我確信…
It’s certain that… （此句型中不能把certain換成sure）
be uncertain about/of… 對…不確信
be certain/sure of/about… 對…確信
Be certain/sure to do sth （構(gòu)成祈使句，表示“務(wù)必要做到…”）
Sb. be certain/sure to do sth （表示主語一定會做某事）
make certain/sure of sth 把…弄確實(shí)
make certain/sure that… 務(wù)必要…，弄確實(shí)
for certain/sure 無疑地，確定地
⑴It is certain that he is honest.
他是個(gè)誠實(shí)的人是確定無疑的。
⑵I am uncertain about grammar and some idioms.
我對語法及一些習(xí)語把握不大。
⑶You’d better make sure that his plane takes off at 8:00.
你最好證實(shí)一下他的飛機(jī)確實(shí)是在8點(diǎn)起飛。
⑷Make sure that she has turned off the gas.
確保她已關(guān)上煤氣。
⑸Be sure to come to our party if you have time.
如果有時(shí)間的話一定要來。
⑹I will go to the theatre and make certain of seats.
我要到戲院去把我們的座位定好（以便有把握到開演時(shí)有座位）。
⑺Our football team is certain to win.
我們的足球隊(duì)一定會贏。
⑻I am sure of success.
我確信自己能贏。
⑼I am certain that he saw me.
我確信他看見了我。
⑽I don’t yet know for certain.
我知道得不確切。
certain adj. 某個(gè)，某些
⑴What we are talking about is a certain person I met yesterday.
我們在談?wù)摰氖俏易蛱煊龅降哪骋粋�(gè)人。
⑵The club meets on certain days every month.
俱樂部成員每月于某些確定的日期聚會。
⑶For certain reasons I will be unable to attend the meeting.
因?yàn)槟承┰颍也荒艹鱿@次會議。
⑷A certain Mr. Brown telephoned you while you were out.
你出去的時(shí)候，有個(gè)叫布朗的先生來過電話。
7.knock sb./sth off…
*把某人/某物從…撞下來
A child ran into the street and knocked her off her bicycle.
一個(gè)小孩沖到了街上，把她從自行車上撞下來。
* 減價(jià)，殺價(jià)
⑴It cost me ＄10 but I’ll knock off 20﹪ as it’s no longer new.
那是我花10美元買的，因?yàn)橐呀?jīng)舊了我減價(jià)20﹪。
⑵The shop assistant knocked ten percent off the bill.
店員將價(jià)格削減百分之十。
*停止做某事（尤指工作）
What time do you knock off（work）?
你什么時(shí)候下班？
*迅速完成…
He knocked off two chapters in an hour.
他一小時(shí)就完成整整兩章。
*擊倒，打倒
The thief knocked him off his feet and ran away.
小偷把他擊倒在地就逃跑了。
*其他knock 短語：
knock sb/oneself out 使某人/自己筋疲力盡
knock sb. down 把某人撞到在地
knock sth down 拆除某物
knock into sb 撞在某人身上
knock at/on （the door/the window） 敲門或窗
knock sb up （敲門、窗等）叫醒某人
⑴She’s knocking herself out with all that wok.
她做的工作把她累得筋疲力盡。
⑵She was knocked down by a car.
她被一輛車撞倒了。
⑶These old houses are going to be knocked down.
這些舊房子將被拆除。
⑷Would you please knock me up at 7 o’clock?
請你7點(diǎn)鐘敲門把我叫醒好嗎？
8.drive v.
* 駕駛,開車送某人去…
⑴He drives a taxi.
他開計(jì)程車。
⑵I drive to work.
我開車去上班。
⑶The man got into the car and drove off.
那名男子鉆進(jìn)了汽車就開走了。
⑷Could you drive me to the station?
你能開車送我去車站嗎？
* 驅(qū)趕（動物或人）
⑴They were determined to drive the enemy off.
他們決心把敵人趕走。
⑵I was driven out of the club.
我被驅(qū)逐出俱樂部。
* （指風(fēng)或水）卷、刮、沖
⑴The gale drove the ship out of its course.
大風(fēng)把船吹出了航道。
⑵The rain was driving in our faces.
雨撲面而來。
* 使或逼（某人）處于某種狀態(tài)或做某事
⑴Hunger drove her to steal.
饑餓逼得她行竊。
⑵The noise will drive me mad.
這噪音會使我發(fā)瘋的。
* drive-in n. 免下車的影院、餐廳等（顧客可安坐汽車中得到娛樂、飲食服務(wù)等）
driving-belt n. 傳動皮帶
driving-license n. 駕駛執(zhí)照
driving-test n. 駕駛員為取得駕駛執(zhí)照的考試
* drive n.
Let’s go for a drive in the country.
我們開車去郊外兜兜風(fēng)吧。
9.slience
* n. 沉默，寂靜
短語搭配：
in science 安靜地，無聲地，沉默地
keep silence 保持沉默，不講話
put sb. to silence 駁斥某人，駁得某人啞口無言
break silence 打破沉默，開口講話
⑴We can not pass over the matter in silence.
我們對此事不能保持緘默。
⑵A series of ironclad facts put him to silence.
一系列鐵的事實(shí)駁得他啞口無言。
⑶The whole ceremony took place in complete silence.
舉行儀式的全過程中寂靜無聲。
⑷He listened to me in silence.
他靜靜地聽我談話。
*v. 使（某人/某物）沉默，使安靜
⑴They tried to silence the noisy crowd.
他們設(shè)法使喧鬧的人群靜下來。
⑵The chairman silenced the meeting.
主席讓參加會議的人安靜。
*silent adj. 機(jī)警的，無聲的；沉默的；（指字母）不發(fā)音的
⑴The ‘b’ in ‘doubt’ and the ‘w’ in ‘wrong’ are silent.
doubt一詞中的b字母和wrong一詞中的w字母都是不發(fā)音的。
⑵She was silent for a moment, then began her answer.
她沉默了一會，然后開始回答。
10.condition n.
*“狀況，現(xiàn)狀；健康狀況” 不可數(shù)名詞，但可和a連用，表示某一種狀態(tài)
短語搭配：
in good condition 處于好的狀況
in poor condition 處于壞的狀況
in excellent condition 處于極佳的狀況
⑴The ship is in no condition to make a long voyage.
此船的現(xiàn)狀不適宜遠(yuǎn)航。
⑵He is in excellent condition for a man of his age.
他就其年齡而言，身體極好。
⑶I have had no exercise for ages; I’m really out of condition.
我已多時(shí)沒運(yùn)動了，現(xiàn)在健康狀況欠佳。
⑷His clothes were in a shabby condition.
他的衣服很破舊。
⑸My car is old but in good condition.
我的車很舊，但車況良好。
*“環(huán)境，情況” 常用復(fù)數(shù)形式（conditions）
He was brought up in very difficult conditions.
他是在很艱苦的環(huán)境中被撫育長大的。
*“條件” 可數(shù)名詞
短語搭配：
on condition （that）… 在…條件下，倘若
on no condition 一點(diǎn)也不
⑴One of the conditions of the job is that you should be able to drive.
做這項(xiàng)工作的條件之一是要會開車。
⑵You can go out on condition that you wear an overcoat.
你要穿上外衣才可出去。
⑶You must on no condition tell him what happened.
你決不能把發(fā)生的事情告訴他。
11.appreciate vt.
* 欣賞，賞識
⑴You can’t fully appreciate foreign literature in translation.
看翻譯作品很難欣賞到外國文學(xué)的精髓。
⑵I really appreciate a good cup of tea.
有好茶一杯我就真樂在其中了。
⑶You’ll appreciate that book about England after you have been there yourself.
你親自去過英國的話，你就會欣賞那本關(guān)于英國的書。
* 體恤，體諒，體念
⑴You don’t seem to appreciate how busy I am.
你似乎不能體會我多么忙。
⑵I appreciate your problem, but I don’t think I can help.
我理解你的困難，但卻愛莫能助。
*感激，感謝
⑴I appreciate your help.
我感激你的幫忙。
⑵I shall appreciate it if you will do me that favour.
如果你能幫忙，我會非常感激的。
*常用搭配：
appreciate doing sth.
⑴I’ll appreciate your calling back this afternoon.
今天下午如果你能回個(gè)電話，我將很感激。
⑵We shall appreciate hearing from you again.
我們將樂于再收到你的信。
⑶We greatly appreciate your timely help.
我們非常感謝你們的及時(shí)幫助。
*appreciative adj. 感激的；有欣賞力的
appreciation n. 欣賞
高考題鏈接：
I really appreciate _________ to relax with you on this nice island.（2001上海高考）
A. to have had time B. having time C. to have time D. to having time
分析：本題考查appreciate的用法搭配。此處appreciate意為“欣賞”，其后不能接動詞不定式作賓語，而只能用名詞或動名詞
答案：B
12.date
* n. 日期，（和異性的約會）
⑴Has the date of the meeting been fixed?
開會的日期決定了嗎？
⑵I have a date with my girlfriend tonight.
我今晚和女朋友有個(gè)約會。
短語搭配：
out of date 不再流行的，過時(shí)的；過期的
up to date 現(xiàn)代的，時(shí)髦的
⑴Will denim jeans ever go out of date?
粗布牛仔褲會過時(shí)嗎？
⑵My passport is out of date.
我的護(hù)照已過期了。
⑶She wears clothes that are right up to date.
她穿著最時(shí)髦的衣服
* v. 注明…的日期；約會
⑴His last letter was dated 24May.
他最后一封信的日期是5月24日。
⑵They’ve been dating for a long time.
他們一直頻頻約會。
⑶I only dated her once.
我和她只約會過一次。
短語搭配：date back to /from 追溯到，始于
⑴This castle dates back to the 14th century.
這座城堡建于14世紀(jì)。
⑵The Great Wall dates from the third century BC.
長城始建于公元前三世紀(jì)。
考題鏈接：
These old buildings possibly _____ the Ming Period.
A. are dated back to B. date from C. are dated from D. date back
分析：date from和date back to 都無被動形式。
答案：B
13.offer
(1)offer to do 主動提出做---
He offered to lend me his dictionary.
他主動提出要把字典借給我。
She offered to get some tickets for the students.
她主動提出要給那幾個(gè)學(xué)生弄幾張票。
She offered to help me learn Russian.
她提出幫我學(xué)俄語。
Each of them offered to be a guide for the tourists.
他們每個(gè)人都自愿給游客當(dāng)向?qū)А?/p>
(2)offer (sb.) sth. 主動拿給
The teacher offered me her raincoat.
老師要把雨衣借給我。
Many people willingly offered their blood.
很多人自愿獻(xiàn)血。
No food was offered at the party.
聚會時(shí)沒有食品。
They offered us some money, which we refused politely.
他們要給我們一些錢，我們婉言謝絕了。
(3)offer sth. 提出，表示，出價(jià)
We all went to offer congratulations.
我們都前去表示祝賀。
Jeff offered a new suggestion.
杰夫提出了一個(gè)新建議。
The boss in that company came personally to offer us apologies.
那個(gè)公司的老板親自來向我們道歉。
They offered him 3,000 yuan to buy the laptop.
他們出3，000元買他的筆記本電腦。
(4)n.
Practice making offers and requests.
練習(xí)提供請求和幫助。
Thank you for your offer of help.
你表示愿意幫忙，我十分感激。
Thank you for your kind offer to lend me your car.
你愿意借車子給我，十分感激。
I’ve had an offer of 10,000 yuan for my motorbike.
有人出一萬元買我的摩托車。
高考鏈接：
When _____ help, one often says “Thank you” or “It’s kind of you”. (NMET2005福建)
A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered D. offered
答案 D
分析 offer的邏輯主語是one，構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞作狀語。
14.way
(1)方式，方法，方向
Can you tell how they are feeling today by the way they sit or stand?
通過他們坐立的方式，你能夠判斷他們今天的心情嗎？
Generally, newspapers follow the American way.
一般說來，報(bào)紙遵循美國方式。
Could you tell me the way to the station?
你能指點(diǎn)我去車站的路嗎？
Is this the way you do it?
這就是你做那件事的方式嗎？
Look this way, please.
請向這邊看。
(2)有關(guān)短語：
in the way 擋路
in a way 在某種程度上
on the/one’s way 在路上
out of the way 奇特，不尋常
by the way 順便說
by way of 由，經(jīng)過
lose one’s way 迷路
feel one’s way 摸索前進(jìn)
make way for 為---讓路
push one’s way 擠著向前
15.go ahead
(1)說吧，干吧，開始干
At first, I didn’t have enough courage to go ahead.
開始我沒有足夠的勇氣干這件事。
---May I ask you a question? 我可以問你一個(gè)問題嗎？
---Yes, go ahead! 請說吧。
They went ahead to rebuild their school after the earthquake.
地震以后他們開始重建學(xué)校。
If you think you can do the work, just go ahead.
如果你認(rèn)為你能做那工作，那就做吧。
(2)繼續(xù)前進(jìn)
Go straight ahead, then turn right at the second crossing.
一直向前走，第二個(gè)十字路口右拐。
You go ahead and I will come later.
你先走，我隨后就來。
He went ahead of us to tell the good news to his parents.
他走在我們前面去告訴他父母這個(gè)好消息。
(3)go ahead with sth.
We are going ahead with the task given to us.
我們正在做交給我們的工作。
The teacher asked us to go ahead with our discussion.
老師要我們繼續(xù)討論。
Just go ahead with your work. Don’t care what others think.
繼續(xù)你的工作，別管別人怎么想。
16.vary
(1)vi. 變化，差異
Opinions on the matter vary from person to person.
對這件事的看法因人而異。
The students’ work varies considerably in size.
學(xué)生作業(yè)的質(zhì)量參差不齊。
---What time do you start to work?
---It varies.
---你什么時(shí)間開始工作？
---看情況而定。
The prices vary from season to season.
價(jià)格隨季節(jié)變化而有所不同。
His mood varied from day to day.
他的情緒每天都有變化。
(2)vt. 使變化
You can vary the speed at will.
你可以隨意變化速度。
You should often vary your diet.
你的飲食應(yīng)該經(jīng)常變換花樣。
(3) varied adj. 多樣的
They are rich in content and varied in style.
他們內(nèi)容豐富，風(fēng)格多樣。
The explanations of this fact are varied.
這一事實(shí)的說法多樣。
The workers enjoyed a full and varied cultural life.
工人的文化生活豐富多彩。
17.get through, go through
(1)都可表示“通過；用完”
The man was so fat that he couldn’t get/go through the door.
那人胖得連那扇門都過不去。
The plan will have to get/go through the leading group of the school.
本學(xué)期計(jì)劃得經(jīng)校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)班子通過。
I have got/gone through three pairs of shoes in a month.
我一個(gè)月穿壞了三雙鞋。
(2)又各有其含義：go through 檢查；看一遍；經(jīng)歷（痛苦，困難）
get through 通過考試；接通電話
I got through everything except English.
除英語外我別的都及格了。
I can’t get through to Beijing. The line is busy.
我打不通北京的電話，占線。
I went through my homework to make sure that nothing had been missed.
我將作業(yè)檢查了一遍，以確定什么都沒有漏掉。
Go through the text from the beginning.
把課文從頭看一遍。
She must have gone through a lot.
她一定吃了不少苦。
高考鏈接：
I couldn’t ____. The line was busy. (NMET2005浙江)
A. go by B. go around C. get in D. get through
答案 D
分析 get through這里表示接通電話。
18.attract
(1) vt. 吸引，引誘，引起
The concert attracted a great number of people.
音樂會吸引了許多人。
What do you think attracts people to big cities?
你認(rèn)為吸引人們到大城市的原因是什么？
Magnets attract iron.
磁石吸鐵。
Something in the dark attracting my attention was a cat.
黑暗中吸引我注意力的是只貓。
(2) attraction n. 可數(shù)名詞表示“誘人之處；吸引人的地方（東西）”；不可數(shù)名詞表示“魅力”。
To be honest, I can’t tell what the attraction of this building is.
老實(shí)說，我說不出這座建筑物有何誘人之處。
There are a lot of scenic attractions of China on the banks of Yangze River.
長江兩岸有許多中國的風(fēng)景名勝。
She still has attraction, wearing a not-so-fashion dress.
盡管穿著不太時(shí)髦的衣服，她依然富有魅力。
高考鏈接：
The company is starting a new advertising campaign to _____ new customers to its stores. (NMET2005上海)
A. join B. attract C. stick D. transfer
答案 B
分析 這里表示“吸引新的顧客”，用attract。
19.risk
(1) risk + n./pron./doing
You should not risk your health for the job.
為那份工作你不值得用健康冒險(xiǎn)。
It’s not so necessary to risk injury.
沒必要冒受傷的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
Are you willing to risk being punished for such a trifle?
你甘愿為一件小事冒受懲罰的危險(xiǎn)嗎？
(2) n. take/run the risk (of doing )
Sometimes we have to run/take the risk of losing at the moment so as to gain finally.
有時(shí)為了有所得，我們必須冒暫時(shí)有所失的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
The damage of his house by fire has to be at his own risk as it was caused by his smoking.
由于他本人吸煙導(dǎo)致房屋被燒，損失只能由他自己負(fù)責(zé)。
高考鏈接：
He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk ____ the good opportunity.
(NMET2005 上海)
A. to lose B. losing C. to be lost D. being lost
答案 B
分析 risk doing, 這里主語he和lose是主動關(guān)系。
同步練習(xí)：
一、 單詞拼寫
1.How well your plants will grow depends on the quality and c______ of the soil.
2.Such a thin coat gives little p_______ against the cold.
3.These plants produce a number of thin r________.
4.Scientists have made many important d________ in recent years.
5.He is very ________（幽默）, he does know how to make people laugh.
6.The teacher tried to ________（使安靜）the noisy students.
7.The driver _______（剎車）suddenly as a child ran onto the road in front of him.
8.I’d a_______ it if you let me know in advance whether or not you will be coming.
9.The man tried to ______（避免）answering him.
10.The crowd p_____ and let the policemen through.
11.“It’s a lie！” he shouted in ______（生氣）.
12.A number of changes have o_______ in our town in recent years.
13.Have you seen his stamp c_______?
14.A successful _______（設(shè)計(jì)師）of dresses has to know the latest fashions.
15.The Eiffel Tower is one of the most popular a________ in Paris.
二、單項(xiàng)選擇：
1.Special attention should be paid _____ our earth from _____.
A. to stop, polluted B. to stopping, being polluted
C. to stopping, polluting D. to stop, polluting
2.I really appreciate _____ to relax with you on this nice island.
A. to have had time B. having time
C. to have time D. to having time
3.---Will you go skiing with me this winter vacation?
---It ______.
A. all depend B. all depends C. is all depended D. is all depending
4.These old buildings possibly _____ the Ming Period.
A. are dated back to B. date from C. are dated from D. date back
5.---I haven’t heard form Henry for a long time.
---What do you suppose _____ to him?
A. was happening B. to happen C. has happened D. had happened
6.The moment she _____ the report tomorrow, she will hand in at once.
A. finishes to write B. will finish C. finished writing D. finishes writing
7.They had a pleasant chat _____ a cup of coffee.
A. for B. with C. during D. over
8.It was _____ I went there _____I began to know something about the matter.
A. until, when B. until, that C. not until, that D. not when, that
9.Read _____ if you don’t know how to operate it.
A. the direction B. a direction C. the directions D. direction
10.The idea ____ to him in his dream and he decided to carry it out.
A. happened B. struck C. appeared D. occurred
11.Do you think that mixed ability classes _____ the better students?
A. hold back B. hold up C. hold down D. hold off
12._____ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.
A. To wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited
13.Hearing the gunshot, all the birds flew ____ every direction.
A. in B. on C. to D. toward
14.Don’t _____ the notice. It should be kept for a week.
A. tear down B. put down C. turn down D. knock down
15.Finishing the task is very difficult but I can ____ it.
A. try B. do C. fail D. manage
三、短文改錯(cuò)：
It had rained for several days. I felt bored. Fortunately, it became
very fine on last Sunday morning. So I got up early and decided 1._________
to go for a walk and took some photos in the beautiful country. 2.__________
After breakfast, I carried camera with me and set off. 3.__________
Everything did smoothly, I enjoyed my trip so much that I didn’t 4.__________
realize the weather had turned badly again. I began to run 5._________
and it was too lately. I was caught in the rain and was 6.________
wet thoroughly. I went on ran until I got 7.________
the bus stop. I stood there waiting a long time for the 8._________
bus, shivering with cold. Shortly after I got home, 9._________
I had a high fever, that made me stay in bed for a whole week！ 10.________
答案與分析：
一、
1.condition 2.protection 3.roots 4.discoveries 5.humorous
6.silence 7.braked 8.appreciate 9.avoid 10.parted
11.anger 12.occurred 13.collection 14.designer 15.attractions
二、
1.B pay attention to中的to 是介詞，所以用stopping，表示“阻止地球被污染”，用being polluted。
2.B appreciate doing sth. 欣賞/喜歡做某事。
3.B It/ That all depends 那要看情況而定。
4.B date back to/date from 無被動語態(tài)，表示“追溯到---”。
5.C 去掉答語中的插入語do you suppose,句子結(jié)構(gòu)一目了然，what has happened to him?
6.D the moment引起時(shí)間狀語從句，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)替代一般將來時(shí)。
7.D over在這里表示“一邊---一邊”。
8.C not until用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句中，強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的定語從句用that引導(dǎo)。
9.C the directions 說明書，用復(fù)數(shù)。
10.D happen的主語一般是人或it; B需要去掉to; appear 沒有這種用法；occur to 表示出現(xiàn)在頭腦中。
11.A hold back妨礙；hold up 延誤，耽擱
12.C wait發(fā)生在realize之前，與句子主語構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系，因此用現(xiàn)在分詞完成時(shí)。
13.A in---direction 在---方向
14.A tear down 撕毀，撕掉
15.D manage it 設(shè)法對付，設(shè)法完成
三、
1.去掉on last前面不能加介詞
2.took-----take take photos和go for a walk是平行結(jié)構(gòu)
3.在camera前面加 a/my camera是可數(shù)名詞
4.did-----went go意為“進(jìn)展”
5.badly----bad turn是系動詞，其后應(yīng)接形容詞
6.lately----late lately意為“最近”，late意為“晚的”
7.ran----running go on doing表示“繼續(xù)做某事”
8.在第一個(gè)the 前面加to get to表示 “到達(dá)”
9.正確
10.that----which that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句