Period 1 Words and expressions
Aims：
Ensure the students to pronounce them correctly.
Learn the words and their usages by heart.
一. 根據(jù)要求寫(xiě)出單詞：
humour(adj)________ surround(n)__________ assume(n)____________
maximum(ant)_________ upward(ant.)________change(adj)_____________
adequate(syn.)_________adapt(n)____________
二.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)寫(xiě)出單詞：
幽默的__________半園__________明顯的___________足夠的____________
去拿____________戲弄__________心理學(xué)___________使反感的__________
適應(yīng)____________精確的________澄清_____________拿來(lái)______________
二.Usages：
1.-ology學(xué)問(wèn)，學(xué)科
生物學(xué)_________心理學(xué)_________技術(shù)__________
2.take/get/catch/seize hold of 抓住
lose hold of松開(kāi)
3.surrounding n. 環(huán)境，周圍(通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式)
Animals in zoos are not in natural _________. 動(dòng)物園中的動(dòng)物沒(méi)有自然的生長(zhǎng)環(huán)境。
surrounding adj. 周圍的，附近的
The dance seemed to excite the _____________ bees. 這種舞蹈似乎使周圍的蜜蜂興奮起來(lái)。
surround v.環(huán)繞,圍繞
He used to live in a lonely village ___________ with mountains.他過(guò)去住在一個(gè)四面環(huán)山的偏僻的小村莊里。
4.oppose v.反對(duì)
adj. opposed （to）與…對(duì)照
opposable adj.可相對(duì)的，與其他手指相對(duì)的
opposite adj／adv. 對(duì)面的, 對(duì)立的, 相反的
prep.在…對(duì)面的
n.相反的東西
用以上的詞填空：
The woman sitting ______ is a detective.
Light is the ________ of heavy.
In London you must drive on the _______ side of the road to China.
I am here on business as_______ to a holiday.
He ________ the proposal to build a new factory.
Other animals except the primates don’t have _______ toes so they can hardly grasp things with their feet.
5.come to light顯露，為人所知 come to oneself蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)
come to one’s help/aid/assistance/one’srescue趕來(lái)幫助某人/救助某人
come to+number合計(jì)，總計(jì)
come to an agreement/a conclusion/an understanding
達(dá)成一致/得出結(jié)論／達(dá)成諒解 come to sb被…繼承
it comes to sb that…(it occurs to sb that)想起
come to realize/know/understand…開(kāi)始意識(shí)到／了解／理解…
when it comes to sth涉及，有關(guān)
____________________that he had been wrong all along.(他突然想起他一開(kāi)始時(shí)就錯(cuò)了)
___________________upon his father’s death.(他父親死后他繼承了那棟房子)
After a careful investingation,_____________________(他們最終得出結(jié)論)
___________________________.(他債務(wù)總計(jì)五千元)
New evidence __________________.(新的證據(jù)終于顯露出來(lái))
When we are in trouble,he will always ___________________.(及時(shí)幫助我們)
__________________________the significance of the matter.(我開(kāi)始意識(shí)到這件事的意義)
6.dot
n.小數(shù)點(diǎn)，小圓點(diǎn)
v.be dotted with點(diǎn)綴著，分散 The sky is dotted with stars.
Homework：
寫(xiě)出單詞和詞組
1.抓住____________ 2.分辨___________3.事實(shí)上____________4.再三______________
5.為人所知__________ 6.半圓__________ 7.環(huán)境______________8.斜向一邊的________
9.心理學(xué) __________10.適應(yīng)__________11.澄清_____________12.大群_____________
根據(jù)要求出單詞：
1. He told us such a h__________ story that we all burst into laughter.
2. Animals in the zoo are not in their s____________.(環(huán)境)
3. There were t_______ of friends to see him off.
4. The professor is a specialist of studying a criminal's p________(心理).
5. The weather is so __________(易變) that he has caught a cold.
6. The woman sitting o______(對(duì)面的) is a detective.
7. The teacher told him to f_______ some chalk for her.
8. The victim was able to give a p________ description of the suspect.
9. The s________ cheered when he won the first prize.
10. The supply is not a________to the demand.
Unit 14 Zoology
Goals:
Learn about the communication of bees.
Learn the ways scientists use to do research.
Teaching procesure:
Step One:Discussing in pairs.
1. How do people communicate with each other?
2. How do animals communicate?
Step Two:Reading and judging
Read the text quickly and decide whether the following statements are true or false?
1. Scientists have interest in honey bees because of the “l(fā)anguage” they use to communicate with each other.
2. Professor Karl Von Frisch built special hives and a transparent wall to observe bees.
3. After seeing one’s dance,the surrounding bees leave the hive and go to feeding the place directly.
4. The bees from close feeding perform a wagging dance.
5. With a stop-watch, zoologists counted the time bees used to fly from the feeding place to the hive.
6. The expression “ to make a beeline for someone or something” means to go quickly along a straight course for somebody or something.”
7. Professor von Frisch did so much work on the communication of animals that he was awarded a Nobel Prize in 1973.
Step Three: Listening and filling
Listen to the tape and read the text,then fill the form below.
Problems Experiments Results Conclusion
How to com-
Municate the news to others?
Did the dance convey more information?
How did bees tell the exact distance to the feeding place?
Coold bees tell each other the exact positions of a-
feeding place
Step Four:Reading and understanding
Read the text again and underline the useful expressions and sentences.
Useful expressions:
各種各樣的蜜蜂
群居
彼此交流
令人驚異的方法
對(duì)…感到迷惑
把這個(gè)消息傳給…
區(qū)分那些蜜蜂
再三
靠近峰巢
使他驚訝的是
表演舞蹈
使周圍的蜜蜂興奮起來(lái)
模仿他的動(dòng)作
傳達(dá)信息
看到奇妙的景象
仔細(xì)觀察
被人所知
剩下的問(wèn)題
獲取更多的數(shù)據(jù)
對(duì)蜜蜂行為的充分描述
被授予諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)
把…標(biāo)上紅色
走直路，走近路
成群結(jié)隊(duì)的跟在后面
一個(gè)接一個(gè)
Sentences:
最使科學(xué)家感興趣的是蜜蜂。（強(qiáng)調(diào)句）
很顯然，這種舞蹈告訴蜜蜂食物所在的位置。（主語(yǔ)從句）
喂食處越遠(yuǎn)，舞蹈的速度越慢。
Homework：
Learn the language points by heart.
Period 3 Careful reading
Teaching aims: Grasp the language points and some useful sentences of the text.
Teaching procedures
Step 1. Revision
Try to describe the experiments Von Frisch used to find out if the bees communicate the position of the food.
Step 2. Language points
1.spend…(in/on) doing sth.
花費(fèi)時(shí)間（金錢）做某事
（1） cost 表示“花費(fèi)（多少錢）” “需要（多少錢）”，主語(yǔ)一般是表示所買東西的名詞，不能是表示人的名詞
sth. costs money/ cost one’s life
at the cost of 以…為代價(jià)
（2）spend money on 和 pay money for 都可用來(lái)表示花錢買東西
（3）take和spend在表示“花費(fèi)（時(shí)間）”時(shí)所用的句型不同
take常用于:
It takes (sb.)+time+to do sth.
It是形式主語(yǔ)，不定式是真正的主語(yǔ)。
spend 常用于: spend time (in) doing sth./spend time on sth.
主語(yǔ)是人，注意介詞in后面是v.-ing的形式，in可省去，on后面通常是名詞
2. something后面的句子“he had noticed again and again”為定語(yǔ)從句，省去了“that”.
3. in a short time 立刻，很快 ahead of time 提前
at any time 隨時(shí) at one time 從前
at times 偶爾，有時(shí) many a time 多次，屢次
in no time 立刻，馬上 at a time 一次
time after time=time and time again屢次
4. to one’s surprise=to the surprise of… 令…驚奇的是
to one’s delight (joy) 使…高興的是
to one’s sorrow 使…悲傷的是
5. over and over again 一次又一次
over and over again time and time again
many a time time after time
6. far away用作表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)
far-away用作定語(yǔ)
far away from只表示距離
far from除了表示距離的“遠(yuǎn)離”之外，還有“遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不，完全不，決非”之意，后接名詞、動(dòng)名詞或形容詞。Far from perfect/satisfactory/the truth
They don’t live far (away).
They live at a far-away place.
The school is far (away) from my house.
I’m far from (being) happy in my present job.
7. the +比較級(jí)，
the +比較級(jí)…
(1)”(從句)the+adj./adv.的比較級(jí)…,(主句)the+adj./adv.的比較級(jí)…”這種句型表示前者和后者在程度上同樣增加或同樣減少，
要注意這一句型中的“the”并不是冠詞，前面的“the”是關(guān)系副詞，有“by how much”之意；后面的“the”是指示副詞，有“by so much”之意，前面是狀語(yǔ)從句，后面是主句，前后呼應(yīng)，
表示“越…就越…””愈是…,則愈是…”
[注]此結(jié)構(gòu)中的比較級(jí)可以是形容詞，也可以是副詞，主句如用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，前面的狀語(yǔ)從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí) 。
The sooner you begin your work, the sooner you will finish it.
你越早開(kāi)始工作，就越早完成它。
The more he thought of it,the happier he felt.
這件事他越想越高興。
(2)此外，該句型可省略的成分較多，不僅后面出現(xiàn)的與前面相同的成分可以省略，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)等在一定的情景或場(chǎng)合中意思明了時(shí)，也可以省略不用, 這種情況在口語(yǔ)中尤其常見(jiàn)。
The more, the better.多多益善。
The sooner, the better.越早越好。
8. come to light vi.顯露，為人所知
His past came to light.
=His past was brought to light.
9.remain vi. 剩余，殘余
辨析remain 與 stay
當(dāng)remain和stay作“保持，(人)留下“講時(shí)，可以互換。
當(dāng)表示“剩下、還有”時(shí),通常只有remain,不用stay
當(dāng)表示“暫住”時(shí)，用stay,不用remain.
I stay in a hotel when I was in Beijing.
在北京時(shí)我住旅館。
Much work remains undone/to be done.還有大量的工作未做。
10. it is possible to do干…事是可能的
可能性
probable > likely > possible
11.make a bee-line for vt.走近路，前往，一直走向…
The hungry boy made a bee-line for his dinner.
那個(gè)饑餓的男孩直奔回家吃飯。
Period 4 Integrating skills
Teaching goals:
1.Review the useful expressions learnt in this unit by practice.
2.Talk about animals and animal behavior.
Teaching procedures:
Step 1. Revision
Check language points by giving a dictation.
Step 2. Fast reading
In what ways are the higher primates, for example chimpanzees, similar to human being? How are they different?
Step 3. Detailed reading
Use the information in the text to complete the chart below. Give examples and characteristics for each type of animal.
Primates Other animals
Higher primates Lower primates
Monkeys Apes
New world primates Old world primates
Step 4. Language points
1. are better than other animals 是比較級(jí)表最高級(jí)的用法
(1)比較級(jí)+than+ any other+單數(shù)名詞
He is taller than any other boy in his class. 他在班上是最高的。
(2)比較級(jí)+than+ all the other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞
He is taller than all the other boys in his class.
(=He is the tallest of all the other boys in his class.
(3)比較級(jí)+than + anyone (anybody) else
He is taller than anybody else in his class. 他是班上最高的。
2. have a sense of … 3.that指代“the brain”
辨析: it, that, one
(1)it代替的是前面提到的同一名稱的同一事物，即同名同物，所指代的名詞可以是可數(shù)名詞，也可以是不可數(shù)名詞。
(2)one代替的是前面提到的同名異物的任何一個(gè)，所代名詞只能是可數(shù)名詞，其前可代冠詞，還可被this, that或形容詞修飾，其后也可有定語(yǔ)。
(3)that代替前面提到的同名異物中特指的事物，所代替的名詞可以是可數(shù)名詞也可以是不可數(shù)名詞，但其前不能有修飾語(yǔ)。
(4)如果前面提到的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)形式，為避免重復(fù)，則可視具體情況分別為they, them, ones或those代替。
(5)it和that可代替前面整個(gè)句子的意思，而one卻不能
(6)that可引導(dǎo)一個(gè)限制性定語(yǔ)從句,代替某個(gè)先行詞(單復(fù)數(shù)名詞均可),it和one則不能
(7)it可以代替不定式、動(dòng)名詞從句，用作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)，而one和that則不能。