高 二 英 語（第20講）
主講：鄭天德 （蘇州中學）
[教學內(nèi)容與目的要求]
一、教學內(nèi)容：
二、單元檢測：
通過檢測進一步掌握這兩單元的內(nèi)容。
[復(fù)習要點]
一、易拼錯的單詞：
ecology summarise premier prosper sustainable alternative hurricane erupt sanitation sulphur swear responsibility
二、難掌握的單詞與短語：
access, in harmony with, affect, on end, flee, knock about/around
三、語法復(fù)習
[難點補遺]
1、20% of the people on earth do not have access to clean drinking water.
這是on earth = in the world/on the earth在這個世界上之意又例：
New York is the largest city in the world.
on (the) earth.
轉(zhuǎn)義時只用on earth/in the world，位于疑問詞后，以強調(diào)語氣：
What in the world are you doing that for? 你到底為什么干那事？
on earth
2、… there exist serious problems … 存在嚴重問題
這是there be結(jié)構(gòu)的變體，又例：
There lived a very old witch in the small village.
There stood a leaning tower in the west of the city.
There sat four people around the fire.
當然謂語動詞都是不及物的，以下是學生常寫的錯句：
×There built a bridge across the river.應(yīng)為：There a bridge was built across the river.
3、And if poverty is less of a problem and people are better educated, there is a good chance that we will see less violence and fewer wars.
如果貪困不成為重大問題而人們受到更好的教育，我們就有可能看見更少暴力與戰(zhàn)爭。
less of a problem是英語中名詞的比較，比較問題的輕重，一些有程度等級差別的名詞都可以使用這種比較：
He is more of a fool than I thought he was.
In this developing country government corruption is more of a problem than any other thing.
It is as much of a success as I expected.
less of a success than
4、flee v.i./v.t. 逃離
v.i. The robbers tried to flee, but they were caught.
His troubles fled. （轉(zhuǎn)義）他的煩惱已煙消云散。
Color fled from her cheeks. （轉(zhuǎn)義）她臉色變得蒼白。
v.t. The boy fled the kidnappers and phoned the police.
這男孩從綁架者手中逃脫，并報了警。
They all fled (from) the burning hotel.
The great musician fled his nativeland during the Cultural Revolution.
[語法補遺]
一、是否是倒裝：
①由as, though, that引導(dǎo)強調(diào)讓步從句，只是表語或狀語，偶或謂語一部分提前，從漢語習慣似為倒裝：
Rich as he is, (yet) I don’t envy him.
Child as he was, he knew that was the right thing to do.
though
that
Much as we admire Shakespeare’s comedies, we cannot agree that they are superior to his tragedies.
Try as he would, he might fail again.
②so用于開頭，是替代，不是真正的倒裝：
△“It was cold yesterday.”
“So it was.”
△“He has passed the exam.”
“So he has”
③被動語態(tài)過去分詞及進行時現(xiàn)在分詞也可提前，構(gòu)成部分倒裝：
Seated around the fire were a group of children.
Visiting our school were 100 Japanese students.
二、省略問題補遺：
①祈使句：
Away with him! 叫他滾！
Off with your hat! 脫帽！
Down with dictatorship! 打倒獨裁！
②祈愿句：
That I could go with him to England!
Oh that he were here!
Would that I had known it!
If only I had taken father’s advice!
Oh, to be in England! 哦，在英國多好！
Oh, for a friend to keep and advise us! 哦，有個朋友關(guān)照我們多好！
③不定式感嘆句：
To think that in just a few days we’ll be parting! 想想幾天就要分開，真掃興！
To think of your leaving us soon! 沒想到你要那么快就離開我們！
④省略疑問句：
How come they left you alone here ? 他們怎么能留你一個人在這兒？
How come you didn’t tell me about this before? 你為什么以前不告訴我？
What about playing pc games?
How about some more drink.
What if/though World War Ⅲ (should) happen? 第三世界大戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)會是怎么樣的？
Why go there alone?
Why not close the windows?
why省略句型不用于過去時間：
×Why not clean the classroom yesterday? 應(yīng)該改為Why didn’t you clean …?
單元檢測
一、單項選擇：
1、Not until I began to work _______ has much time I had wasted.
A. didn’t I realize B. realized I C. did I realize D. I realized
2、“John won first prize in the contest.”
“__________.”
A. So he did B. So did he C. He did so, too D. So was he
3、No one would have time to read or listen to an account of everything _____ going on in the world.
A. it is B. what is C. as it is D. there is
4、So ______ that no fish can live in it.
A. the river is polluted B. polluted is the river
C. polluted the river is D. is the river polluted
5、On the bus the plain policeman caught a girl ______ her hand into the pocket of a passenger.
A. to put B. to be putting C. put D. putting
6、Luckily, we brought warm clothes, without ______ we would be frozen in the sudden snowstorm.
A. that B. which C. them D. what
7、With a year’s pay _______, the poor peasant jumped into the river to drown himself.
A. stolen B. robbed C. stealing D. to rob
8、Even if ______ according to the direction, the drugs would have side effects on you.
A. taking B. taken C. to take D. to be taken
9、_______ our football team will defeat the team of Class 3.
A. There is possible B. It is a good chance
C. It is perhaps D. There is a good chance
10、What ______ the traffic accident to happen?
A. forced B. made C. caused D. got
11、You can’t find such a person in ______ life.
A. true B. virtual C. actual D. real
12、Would you mind if I use your cell phone?
A. Yes, please B. Of course C. Go ahead D. Sure
13、It’s _____ day; we’d better stay home.
A. too cold a B. a too cold C. too a cold D. too cold
14、We’ll check _______ the door is locked. Choose the wrong answer:
A. that B. if C. whether D. for
15、They didn’t succeed in the experiment, but they __________.
A. could B. had to do C. could have D. should have done
16、You’ll find a true friend _____ Max.
A. in B. on C. with D. of
17、The Italian food didn’t _____ me; I felt sick.
A. fit for B. agree with C. taste for D. fit
18、I remember ______ my laptop on my desk, but now it is ________.
A. to put, lost B. putting, missed C. to put, gone D. putting, gone
19、We often _______ ideas about how to play CS.
A. share B. share in C. exchange with D. share for
20、“I slipped on the ice. I think my arm is broken.”
“Oh, I ________.”
A. don’ t hope B. hope not C. I hope not to D. don’t hope to
二、完形填空
Today, air travel is far safer than driving a car on a __1__ motorway. But there is a danger that __2__ every year. Airliners get larger and larger. Some __3__ over 300 passengers. And the air itself becomes more and more crowded. If one giant airliner crashed into __4__ in mid-air, 600 lives could be __5__.
From the moment an airliner takes off to __6__ it lands, every movement is __7__ on radar screens, Air traffic controllers tell the pilot __8__ when to turn, when to climb and when to come down. The air traffic controllers around a busy airport __9__ London-Heathrow may handle 2500 planes a day. __10__ of them actually land at the airport. Any plane that flies near the airport comes __11__ the orders of the controllers there. Even a small __12__ on their part could cause a disaster.
Recently such a disaster almost happened. Two large jets were flying __13__ the airport. One , with 69 passengers, had come from Toronto, and the other, with 176 passengers, __14__ Chicago. An air traffic controller noticed on his radar screen that the two planes were __15__ close to each other. He ordered one to turn to the right __16__ to climb. But he made a mistake. He ordered the __17__ plane to do this. So __18__ turning away from the second plane, the first plane turned towards it. Fifteen seconds later it flew directly __19__ the second plane. They avoided each other by the smallest part of a second. The __20__ between them was less than that of a large swimming pool. This is an example of the danger that grows every year.
1、 A. wide B. narrow C. busy D. country
2、 A. faces B. grows C. rises D. drops
3、 A. carry B. have C. bring D. fetch
4、 A. the other B. another C. others D. the others
5、 A. crushed B. dead C. missing D. lost
6、 A. where B. the place C. the moment D. the airport
7、 A. made B. watched C. known D. started
8、 A. exactly B. correctly C. straight D. carefully
9、 A. of B. as C. like D. in
10、A. All B. A few C. Many D. Not all
11、A. out of B. under C. on D. to
12、A. mistake B. pause C. shortcoming D. hesitation
13、A. off B. in C. at D. towards
14、A. from B. to C. at D. in
15、A. so B. very C. too D. just
16、A. not B. or C. but D. and
17、A. very B. larger C. wrong D. right
18、A. not B. without C. not by D. instead of
19、A. in front of B. away from C. behind D. after
20、A. way B. room C. distance D. area
三、閱讀理解
Most teachers are anxious to help their students in any way they can, and it is polite for the students to help the teacher when they see something they can do, especially if the teacher is a woman and the student a young man. Sometimes the blackboard needs to be cleaned, or the door or window shut or opened. Sometimes there are papers to collect or give out. This kind of help is always appreciated. The writer knows a woman teacher, rather small and not very strong, who carried her bicycle for years up three short flights of steps to the school building, where her students stood waiting for her!
Few students like to talk in class while their teacher is giving the lessen. If he has something to say on the subject, the student should wait till he has a chance to say it to the whole class. If it is not on the subject, keep it till the class is over. Who has not been annoyed by having his attention taken away from something interesting he really wants to hear? And it is especially rude to the teacher, making it very difficult for him to continue the lesson.
1、Students should help their teacher _______.
A. when he gives lessons B. if she is a woman teacher
C. unless he gets into trouble D. in any way they can
2、It is not polite for a student _______.
A. to be free to talk in class B. to put up his hand before answering the question
C. to carry the bike upstairs for a woman teacher
D. to talk to his teacher
3、The writer gives us ______ in the passage to show the good manners for a student to help his teacher.
A. many examples B. one example
C. two examples D. two examples in class
4、When the teacher tries to teach his students everything he knows, his students should ________.
A. do everything they can after class for him in return
B. help each other
C. show off their cleverness or knowledge in class
D. show respects to their teacher in every way
5、Which of the following is correct?
A. Greeting the teacher is the only way the students have respect to their teacher
B. It is especially polite to the teacher to clean the blackboard.
C. Good manners at school are important to happy relations between teachers and students
D. It is impolite to wait for a chance to say something on the subject in class.
四、短文改錯：
Men sometimes say, “We are better and clever than women. Women 1._______
never invent things, but we do.” It is true that man invented many 2._______
useful things, but women invented one very important thing, that 3.________
has changed history. They invented agriculture.
After the invention, men were all hunters. They were hunting every 4.________
day. Sometimes they killed animals; sometimes animals killed themselves. 5._______
Life was too difficult. Women had to go out, too. They had to hunt for
food as roots, fruits and grasses. Then, one day thousands of 6._______
years ago, a woman dropped some grass seeds. They grew and
the first wheat born. The idea grew, too. Women planted roots 7._______
and fruit trees. Then they should stay home and look after 8._______
children and animals. They kept the first man-raised animals: 9._______
dogs, cows, sheep and goats. Then their husbands didn’t have to
go hunting. They built villages or cities. Men began civilization 10._______
but it was after women invented agriculture.
參 考 答 案
一1、C 2、A 3、D 4、B 5、D 6、B 7、A 8、B 9、D 10、C 11、D 12、C 13、A 14、D 15、C 16、A 17、B 18、D 19、A 20、B
二、1、C 2、B 3、A 4、B 5、D 6、C 7、B 8、A 9、C 10、D 11、B 12、A 13、D 14、A 15、C 16、D 17、C 18、D 19、A 20、C
三1、D 2、A 3、A 4、D 5、C
四、1、clever → cleverer/move clever 2、man → men 3、that → which 4、After → Before 5、themselves → them 6、∨as → such 7、∨born → was 8、should → could 9、√ 10、or → and