Unit2 Families（1）
一．教學內容：
Lesson 5 I have one sister.
Lesson 6 This is my grandmother.
二. 重點、難點：
學會介紹家庭成員并描述家庭成員之間的關系
學習have，肯定，否定，疑問的三種形式
學會使用名詞的所有格和物主代詞
學會使用指示代詞
學會表述所有關系
Lesson 5 I have one sister.
I. Words Study單詞學習：
mother aunt father grandmother cousin grandfather grandpa uncle family wife handsome son daughter next to only happy people
II. Expression patterns常用的表達方式：
1. 家族之間的關系：
1) grandfather grandmother
2) father mother aunt uncle
3) son daughter cousin
2. next to 緊接著，臨近的
My grandmother is next to him. My grandmother is beside him.
Come and sit down next to me.
3. I’m the only child.
only adj.（與單數名詞連用）獨一的；唯一的；
（與復數名詞連用）僅有的；
Smith was the only person able to do it.
Harry is an only child, has no brothers or sisters.
We were the only people there.
4. have的用法
have是動詞，表示“某人擁有…”，其第三人稱單數形式是has
（1）肯定句：
主語（I / we / you / they）+ have +賓語
主語（he / she / it）+ has + 賓語
I have a new book.
She has two pencils.
Simon and Jessica have three daughters.
Bob has two sisters.
（2）否定句：
主語＋don’t (doesn’t) ＋ have ＋ 賓語
I don’t have any brother.
They don’t have any fruit.
He doesn’t have any children.
（3）一般疑問句及回答：
Do (Does) ＋ 主語 ＋ have ＋ 賓語？
Yes，主語＋do（does）.
No，主語＋don’t（doesn’t）.
-- Do you have a cup?
-- Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
-- Does she have a ruler?
-- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.
（4）特殊疑問句：疑問詞＋一般疑問句
What do you have?
What does she have?
Lesson 6 This is my grandmother.
Ⅰ. Words Study單詞學習：
these those look parent wow young cute work bank what about store get whose skateboard CD tennis hamster video game walkman mess messy
Ⅱ.Expression patterns常用的表達方式：
1. She looks nice. 她看上去很漂亮。
用法：sb. ＋ look ＋ 形容詞 某人看上去如何
例如：They look very young.
You look very tired.
He looks handsome.
2. What a mess! 簡直太亂了！
這是一句感嘆句。感嘆句表示喜、怒、哀、樂等強烈的感情。這種句子一般用how或者what開頭。how（多么）作狀語，修飾形容詞、副詞或動詞。what（多么）作定語，修飾名詞（名詞前可有形容詞或冠詞），句尾用感嘆號。由陳述句變為感嘆句時，要把被how,what修飾的詞放在句首的how，what之后，其他部分的詞序與陳述句相同。
（1）How＋形容詞（副詞）＋主語＋謂語
（2）How＋形容詞
（3）What＋（a）＋形容詞＋名詞＋主語＋謂語
（4）What＋（a）＋名詞
What a pity it is!
What a pity!
How tired he is!
How tired!
Ⅲ. Grammar 語法知識
1. 名詞的所有格
在英語中名詞有三個格：主格（作主語），賓格（作賓語）和所有格。
其中，名詞的所有格：名詞中表示所有關系的形式叫名詞所有格。
所有格的構成有以下幾種：
（1）表示有生命的東西（人或動物）的名詞所有格一般在名詞后加’s：my father’s pen
1）以-s或-es結尾的復數名詞的所有格只在名詞后加“’”：the teachers’ reading room
2）不以-s結尾的復數名詞的所有格要加’s：the people’s needs
3）如專有名詞以-s結尾，它的所有格一般只加“’”，但也有加’s的，讀作[-iz]：Burns’s poems
4）復合名詞的所有格的詞尾’s加在后面的名詞之后：her son-in-law’s photo
5）如果一樣東西為兩人共有，則只在后一個名詞后面加’s，如果不是共有，則兩個名詞之后都要加’s： Jane and Helen’s room Bill’s and Tom’s radios
6）在表示“店鋪”、“某人家”的名詞所有格后面，一般省掉它所修飾的名詞：
the tailor’s the barber’s the Zhang’s at my aunt’s
7）有些指時間、距離、國家、城鎮的無生命名詞也可以加’s：half an hour’s lecture
（2）表示無生命東西的名詞一般與of構成詞組，表示所有關系：
the cover of the book
（3）指有生命東西的名詞也可以用of詞組表示所有格：
1）如果名詞較長：
the story of Dr. Norman Bethune
2）如果名詞的定語較長，就只能用of詞組來表示所有關系：
Do you know the name of the boy standing at the gate?
（4）“of詞組＋所有格”的用法：在表示所屬物的名詞前有冠詞、數詞、不定代詞或指示代詞（如：a, two, some, a few, this, that, these, those等）時，常用“of詞組＋所有格”的形式來表示所有關系：
a friend of my father’s = one of my father’s friends
a picture of his uncle’s
two cousins of his
2. 物主代詞
物主代詞有形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞兩種
人稱代詞 物主代詞
主格 賓格 形容詞性 名詞性
單數 第一人稱 I me my mine
第二人稱 you you your yours
第三人稱 he him his his
she her her hers
it it its -
復數 第一人稱 we us our ours
第二人稱 you you your yours
第三人稱 they them their theirs
物主代詞的用法：
（1）形容詞性物主代詞用作定語：
my childhood our task
（2）名詞性物主代詞用作主語、表語和賓語：
主語：His brother is a driver;mine is a soldier and hers is an engineer.
表語：Whose ruler is this? -- It is mine.
賓語：You may use my bike and I may use hers.
3. 指示代詞：表示“這個”、“那個”、“這些”、“那些”等意思的代詞稱為指示代詞。指示代詞有：this, that, these, those, it, such, same等
用法：
（1）this, that, these, those的用法
1）在句子中作主語、賓語、表語或定語
This is a notebook.
I like this (these), while she likes that (those).
2）this (these) 一般用來指時間或空間上較近的人或物，而that (those) 則常指時間或空間上較遠的人或物：
These are students, and those are teachers.
3）this 和these常指后面要講到的事物，有啟下的作用；而that常指前面講到過的事物，有承上的作用：
What I want to tell you is this: the exam will be started at 10 o’clock.
He had a bad cold. That is why he didn’t attend the meeting.
4）為了避免重復前面的名詞，可以用that或those來代替它：
This painting is not so good as that I saw in the gallery.
The television sets made in Shanghai are better than those made in Beijing.
（2）such一般在句中作定語和主語。such表示“這樣”；such a表示“這樣一個”；such…as…表示“象…這樣的…”。
1）作定語（指出后面的名詞）
I have never seen such a moving film.
Foreign friends often visit such fine cities as Beijing and Hangzhou.
2）作主語（指出上文提到過或剛說過的內容）。
Such is our study plan.
（3）same可作定語、表語、主語和賓語。
They left for Nanjing on the same day (as she left).
（4）it指人時可以看作是指示代詞，在句中作主語。在漢語中指示代詞it一般不譯出。it與who（that，whom）構成強調結構，以強調句中某部分。
Who is there? -- Oh, it is Xiao Liu (who is there).
【模擬試題】
一、選出劃線部分讀音與所給單詞劃線部分讀音不同的選項
（ ）1. only A. both B. photo C. police D. over
（ ）2. everything A. spell B. problem C. help D. engineer
（ ）3. about A. now B. how C. cousin D. wow
（ ）4. cute A. class B. uncle C. actor D. dancer
（ ）5. game A. age B. grandpa C. good D. get
二、用所給單詞的適當形式填空
6. These are seven ＿＿＿＿＿＿ （banana）.
7. Kate has（有） eight ＿＿＿＿＿＿ （box）.
8. Mr Green has three ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ （child）.
9. This is your bag. Here ＿＿＿＿＿（your）are.
10. ＿＿＿＿＿＿（they）apples are over there.
三、根據句意，用適當的詞填空
11. Xiao Hong，is this your bag? ― Yes, it is ＿＿＿＿＿＿.
12. The boy is my friend, ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ name is Tom.
13. This is a bird, ＿＿＿＿＿ name is Polly.
14. -Li Lei, are those your English books？
-No，＿＿＿＿＿＿ aren't.
15. Kate is a pretty girl. Yes, she ＿＿＿＿＿＿ very nice.
四、根據句意，填入適當的稱呼
16. My father is Ron. My mother is Lily.
So, Lily is my father’s ___________.
17. My grandpa is Peter. His son Ron is my father.
My father’s wife is my grandpa’s ___________.
18. My mother’s sister is Jane.
Jane’s daughter is my ___________.
19. I’m a girl at 16 years old. I am my aunt’s ___________.
20. Mary is my grandpa’s wife. They are my ____________.
五、選擇填空
21. These are ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.
A. apples trees B. apples tree C. apple tree D. apple trees
22. Is this your eraser？ Yes, ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.
A. this is B. it is C. it isn’t D. this is not
23. Your picture is very good. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.
A. No, it is not good B. OK, you’re right
C. Thank you D. Thanks you
24. Whose basketball is that? It is ＿＿＿＿＿＿.
A. me B. Lily C. Lily’s D. my
25. What are those？ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ .
A. These are cars B. Yes，they are
C. They are buses D. No，they are cars
26. How many cousins does she have? She ＿＿＿ two cousins.
A. have B. has C. had D. haven’t
27. Kate’s English is ＿＿＿＿＿ good.
A. much B. too C. very D. very much
28. Mum, where is ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ？
A. a my pen B. my the pen C. a pen D. my pen
29. Mom, ＿＿＿＿＿ my good friends， Kate and Lily.
A. she is B. they are C. this is D. these are
30. -Are you a teacher or a student？ -＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.
A. Yes, I’m a teacher B. No，I’m a student
C. I’m not a teacher D. I’m a teacher
六、閱讀理解：
閱讀短文，判斷正誤。正確的寫“T”，錯誤的寫“F”。
Mr Jones and Mr Brown work in the same office （辦公室）.One day Mr Jones says to Mr Brown , “I will have a small party at our house on Monday evening . Would you and your wife like to come ?”
Mr Brown says , “Thank you very much . I’d love to , but let me ask my wife first . ” So Mr Brown goes to the other room and telephones his wife . Then he comes back and looks very worried .
“What’s the matter?” asks Mr Jones . “Is you wife there at home ?”
“No,” answers Mr Brown . “she isn’t there . My small son answers the telephone . I say to him , ‘Is your mother there , David ?’ and he answers, ‘No , she isn’t in the house .’ ‘Where is she ?’ I ask , ‘She is somewhere outside（在外面） .’ ‘What’s she doing ?’ ‘She is looking for me .’”
1. There is a party at Mr Jones’s house on Monday evening .
2. Mr Jones asks Mr Brown and his wife to go to the party .
3. The telephone is in Mr Brown’s office.
4. Mr Brown speaks to Mrs Brown on the telephone .
5. Mrs Brown is looking for her son .
課文閱讀：請大家試著在十分鐘之內讀完此篇文章
The Cat and the Tiger
They say that the cat is the uncle of the tiger. Anyhow, one day a strong tiger saw her uncle the cat and asked him, “Oh, my uncle, why are you so small?”
The cat said, “If you were in the hands of human beings, you would know why I am so small.”
Then the tiger said, “Show me a human being, will you, uncle?”
“Follow me!” said the cat.
While they were going along, they saw cows grazing. “What are those, uncle?” asked the tiger. “Are they human beings?”
“Huh? A very young one of the human beings can gather a hundred of them before him and can bring them to these fields,” said the cat.
After some time they saw several camels. The tiger asked, “Uncle, are those human beings?”
“No,” answered the cat. “A child can gather fifteen of them and can graze them.”
They went on and met a woodchopper. The cat told of their mission. When the woodchopper heard this, he asked the tiger to put her forefeet between the two huge pieces of wood and hold them apart. When the tiger did this, the rail which was holding the two pieces apart fell down, and the forefeet of the tiger were pressed tightly between them.
The woodchopper laid down his axe and came to watch the tiger. The cat climbed up into a tree. The tiger began to ask, “What do you think, uncle? Will they set me free when I am as small as you are?”
“I do not know mew,” said the cat whenever the tiger asked this question.
They say that the mewing of the cat began with this happening.
【試題答案】
一、1-5 CBCDA
二、6. bananas； 7. boxes； 8. children； 9. you； 10. Their
三、11. mine； 12. his； 13. its； 14. they； 15. looks
四、16. wife； 17. daughter-in-law； 18. cousin； 19. niece； 20. grandparents
五、21-25 DBCCC 26-30 BCDDD
六、1. T 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. T
課文閱讀譯文：
貓和老虎
據說貓是老虎的叔叔。有一天，一只威武的老虎遇到了他的貓叔叔，就問他說：“叔叔啊，你為什么這么矮小？”
貓說：“如果你也落到人類的手掌心里，就會明白我為什么這么矮小了。”
老虎說：“領我去見識一下人吧，好嗎，叔叔？”
“跟我來吧！”貓說。
他們一路走來，看到一群牛在吃草。“那是誰啊，叔叔？是人嗎？” 老虎問。
“哼，一個年紀很小的人就能把一百頭這樣的聚攏在一起，趕到田野里來吃草。”貓說。
過了一會兒他們看到幾只駱駝。老虎問：“叔叔，這些是人嗎？”
“不是，”貓回答。“一個小孩子就能放牧15頭這樣的。”
他們繼續走，遇到了一位樵夫。貓對他講了他倆的目的。樵夫聽完，就讓老虎把兩只前爪伸到兩大片木頭之間，用力朝外掰。老虎按他說的做了，結果插在兩片木頭之間的橫木脫落下來，他的兩只前爪被牢牢地夾在木頭里邊。
樵夫放下斧頭走過來看老虎，貓噌地爬上一棵樹。老虎問：“叔叔，你看怎么辦？我要是跟你一樣大小的話，能不能放了我？”
“我不知道喵，”每次老虎問這個問題，貓都這樣回答。
傳說貓就是從這次以后開始喵喵叫的。