Unit 12
load n.[C]
1.) 裝載;擔(dān)子 The load on that beam is more than it will bear. 那根梁上的載重超過了它所能承受的量。
2.) (精神方面的)負(fù)擔(dān);重任 The good news has taken a load off my mind. 聽了這個(gè)好消息我就放心了。
3.) (車,船等的)裝載量;一車(或一船等)貨物 The truck was carrying a load of sand. 卡車裝運(yùn)一車沙子。
4.) 工作量
Measures have been taken to lighten the load of the hospital doctors.已采取措施減輕醫(yī)院醫(yī)生的負(fù)擔(dān)。
vt.
1.) 裝,裝載[(+with)] The workers are loading the ship with coal. 工人正把煤裝上船。
2.) 把彈藥裝入(槍,炮);把膠卷裝入(照相機(jī)) Don\'t forget to load your camera. 別忘了給你的相機(jī)裝膠卷。
3.) 使擺滿;使充滿;使長(zhǎng)滿 [(+with)] The air was loaded with soot. 空氣充滿煤煙。
4.) 大量給予[(+with)] His brothers and sisters loaded him with books. 他的哥哥姐姐送給他許多書。
vi. 1.) 裝貨[(+up)] Have they finished loading up yet? 他們把貨物裝完了嗎?
2.) 上子彈 The soldiers loaded and fired. 士兵們裝上子彈便射擊。
Compulsory adj.
1.) 必須做的;義務(wù)的;必修的 Is English a compulsory subject?英語是必修科目嗎?
Education is compulsory for children in most countries. 多數(shù)國(guó)家對(duì)兒童實(shí)施義務(wù)教育。
2.) 強(qiáng)制的,強(qiáng)迫的 compulsory legislation強(qiáng)制性立法
tendency n.[C]
1.) 傾向;癖性;天分[(+to/toward)][+to-v]
He has a tendency towards pessimism.他有悲觀的傾向。
Bob has a tendency to exaggerate things.鮑勃有愛夸張的傾向。
2.) 趨勢(shì),潮流[(+to/toward)][+to-v]
There is a tendency towards regional cooperation.有一種地區(qū)性合作的趨勢(shì)。
3.) 傾向;意向 His new magazine has anarchic tendencies.他的新雜志有無政府主義傾向。
drop out
1.) 脫離 Luckily, I dropped out before the deal turned sour. 很幸運(yùn)的,在交易變壞前我已退出了。
One of my teeth has dropped out. 我的一只牙齒掉了。
2.) 退出;退學(xué) She dropped out of school to become a waitress. 她退學(xué)去當(dāng)女招待。
expand vt.
1.) 展開,張開(帆,翅等) The eagle expanded its wings. 老鷹展開翅膀。
2.) 使膨脹;使擴(kuò)張
3.) 擴(kuò)大;擴(kuò)充;發(fā)展 He is thinking of expanding his business. 他正考慮擴(kuò)展他的生意。
4.) 詳述 They have expanded my view on the question. 他們已更充分地闡明了我對(duì)這個(gè)問題的觀點(diǎn)。
vi. 1.) 展開,張開 2.) 擴(kuò)張;發(fā)展;增長(zhǎng)
In ten years the city\'s population expanded by 12%. 十年之中,該城人口增加了百分之十二。
3.) 膨脹 Water expands when it freezes. 水結(jié)冰時(shí)體積膨脹。
A tire expands when you pump air into it. 輪胎打了氣就會(huì)脹大。
4.) 詳細(xì)說明[(+on/upon)]
distribute vt.
1.) 分發(fā);分配[(+to/among)] They had distributed the lands among the peasants. 他們把土地分給農(nóng)民。
2.) 散布,分布[(+over)]
This species of butterfly is widely distributed over our country. 這種蝴蝶在我國(guó)分布很廣。
3.) 分,分開[(+into)] The teacher distributed the pupils into three groups. 老師把學(xué)生分成三組。
donate vt.
捐獻(xiàn),捐贈(zèng)[(+to)] She donated her books to the library. 她把自己的書捐贈(zèng)給圖書館。
donate blood獻(xiàn)血
vi. 捐獻(xiàn),捐贈(zèng)[(+to/towards)] My husband donates to that group every year. 我丈夫每年都捐錢給那個(gè)組織。
donation n.[(+to)]
1.) 捐獻(xiàn),捐贈(zèng)[U][C] She made a donation of $5,000 to the Children\'s Hospital. 她捐了五千美元給兒童醫(yī)院。
2.) 捐款;捐贈(zèng)物[C]
curriculum n.[C]
1.) 學(xué)校的全部課程
The student is very knowledgeable because he also studies things not in the curriculum.
這個(gè)學(xué)生知識(shí)很豐富,因?yàn)樵趯W(xué)校課程以外他還學(xué)習(xí)別的東西。
2.) (一門)課程
The professor is busy preparing his chemistry curriculum plan. 這位教授正忙于準(zhǔn)備他的化學(xué)課程計(jì)劃。
profession n.
1.) (尤指受過良好教育或?qū)ｉT訓(xùn)練者,如律師、醫(yī)生、教師的)職業(yè)，專業(yè)[C]
She intends to make teaching her profession. 她打算以教書為業(yè)。
2.) 同業(yè),同行[sing.]
The teaching profession claim that they are badly paid. 教師同行們聲稱待遇太差。
He is a leading member of the medical profession. 他是醫(yī)療業(yè)中首屈一指的醫(yī)生。
3.) 聲明;表白[C][(+of)] She did not believe in his professions of love. 她不相信他的愛情表白是真的。
比較：career n.
1.) (終身的) 職業(yè)，事業(yè)[C] He wasn\'t interested in her stage career. 他對(duì)她的演戲職業(yè)不感興趣。
2.) 經(jīng)歷;生涯;歷程[C]
He found it both interesting and instructive to learn about the careers of great men.
他覺得了解偉人的生平既很有趣又有教益。
比較：occupation n.
1.) 工作,職業(yè)[C] What is your father’s occupation? 你父親的職業(yè)是什么？
2.) 消遣;日常事務(wù)[C][U] He was bored for lack of occupation. 他因無所事事而感到厭煩。
3.) 占領(lǐng),占據(jù);占領(lǐng)時(shí)期[U]
The Japanese occupation of Taiwan lasted fifty-one years. 日本占領(lǐng)臺(tái)灣達(dá)五十一年之久。
4.) 占用;居住;占用(或居住)期
No one is yet in occupation of the house. 這所房子還沒有人住進(jìn)去。
所以，在三個(gè)表示職業(yè)的詞中，profession n.(尤指受過良好教育或?qū)ｉT訓(xùn)練者,如律師、醫(yī)生、教師的)職業(yè)，專業(yè)，[C]；career n. (終身的)職業(yè)，事業(yè)[C]；occupation n.職業(yè)，工作 [C]，是一種泛指。
advocate vt.
擁護(hù);提倡;主張[+v-ing]He advocates reforming the prison system. 他主張改良監(jiān)獄制度。
obtain vt. 得到,獲得 He failed to obtain a scholarship. 他沒有獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。
They obtained a loan from the government. 他們從政府那里得到一筆貸款。
vi. 得到公認(rèn);通用;流行;存在
Those conditions no longer obtain. 那些情形已不存在。
The custom still obtains in some areas. 某些地區(qū)仍保留著這一習(xí)俗。
gain vt. 1.) 得到; 獲得, 贏得 (戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、訴訟等有用、需要之物)
Our army gained the battle. 我們的軍隊(duì)贏得了那場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)役。
He gained possession of more land. 他擁有了更多的土地。
2.) 獲得（利益、利潤(rùn)等） I gained $3 by selling it for more than I paid for it. 我可以賤買貴賣獲利3 美元。
3.) 增加,增添 I gained five pounds in a week. 我一個(gè)星期體重增加了五磅。
obtain 和gain兩個(gè)詞在表示“獲得”時(shí)，有下面的區(qū)別：
To obtain means to get esp. by making some effort;
To gain means to get or obtain something useful, necessary, wanted, etc esp. over a length of time and as an addition to what one has
select vt.
選擇,挑選,選拔[(+for/from)]
He selected a team for the special task. 他為這項(xiàng)特殊任務(wù)挑選了一組人馬。
Mr. Reed has been selected to represent us on the committee. 里德先生代表我們已被選入委員會(huì)。
vi. 做出選擇,挑選
adj. 1.) 挑選出來的;精選的
A select group of their friends was invited to the wedding. 他們的經(jīng)過挑選的一群朋友應(yīng)邀參加婚禮。
2.) 上等的,優(yōu)等的,卓越的 She only stays at select hotels. 她只住一流旅館。
select/elect/ choose的區(qū)別
choose指在兩個(gè)或多個(gè)中選擇其一，可與from或between連用；select通常是指同類事物中選擇最好或最合適的；elect 則指通過選舉選出。
Will you help me choose myself a new coat? 請(qǐng)你幫我選一件新外套，好嗎？
If you had to choose (between) staying here alone or going with me, what would you do?
是一個(gè)人呆在這里，還是同我一起去，如果你必須對(duì)此做出選擇，你會(huì)怎么做呢？
He selected a pair of socks to match his suit. 他挑選了一雙與他所穿的衣服相配的短襪。
They elected Nixon as President. 他們選舉尼克松為總統(tǒng)。
choose和 elect 都有“決定”的意思，只是elect 比choose 正式，并常常指有關(guān)將來的重大的大決定。在結(jié)構(gòu)上，choose 之后還可有that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
He chose not to go home until later. 他決定晚些時(shí)再回家。
He chose that we should stay. 他決定說，我們得留下來。
He elected to be a doctor. 他決定將來當(dāng)一名醫(yī)生。
suit n. (一套)衣服[C] I picked out a black suit. 我挑了一套黑色西裝。
vt. suit 1.) 適合,中...的意
Would Friday morning suit you? 星期五早上對(duì)你合適嗎?
The arrangement suited us both. 這個(gè)安排對(duì)我們兩人都合適。
2.) (不用被動(dòng)式) 與...相配,與...相稱 This dress suits you beautifully. 這件衣服你穿非常合適。
3.) 使合適; 使適應(yīng) [(+to)] Her speech was well suited to the occasion. 她的講話在這個(gè)場(chǎng)合十分得體。
vi. 1.) 合適,適當(dāng) Will that time suit? 這時(shí)間合適嗎?
2.) 相稱; 彼此協(xié)調(diào) [(+to/with)] The position suits with his abilities. 這個(gè)職位與他的能力相稱。
比較：fit作動(dòng)詞的用法
vt. 1.） (衣服)合...身;與...相稱 This dress doesn\'t fit me. 這件衣服不適合我穿。
2.） 適合于;使適合 [(+for)]
Her training fits her for the job. 她所受的訓(xùn)練使她能勝任這項(xiàng)工作。
We must fit the action to the word. 我們必須言行一致。
3.） 安裝 Can you fit the electric fire for me? 你能替我裝上電爐嗎?
vi. 1.） (衣服)合身;適合 Does this shirt fit? 這件襯衫合身嗎?
2.） 符合;配合
重難點(diǎn)解析
● Listening and speaking
1. People aged 15 and over who are unable or find it very difficult to read.
十五歲及以上不識(shí)字或識(shí)字有困難的人。
（1）aged 形容詞。①本句中意為“有…歲的，…年紀(jì)的。”
e.g. Among the smokers, about 20 percent of them are children aged between 13 and 15 years old.
百分之二十的吸煙者是13至15歲的兒童。
In the morning old people get up early and practice Qigong in groups in parks, and a lot of middle-aged people dance together.清晨，老年人早起在公園里成群地練氣功，中年人在一起跳舞。
② aged 還有“年老的”意思。 “the aged”指“老年人”。
e.g. The sick and the aged need our help. 這些病人和老年人需要我們的幫助。
The aged woman was wrinkled and bent. 這個(gè)老婦人滿臉皺紋，佝僂著腰。
● Reading
1. In China, as in other countries, the government realizes that the future welfare of its citizens is closely linked to education. 在中國(guó)，正如在別的國(guó)家，政府意識(shí)到公民未來的幸福與教育緊密相關(guān)。
(1) as in other countries,相當(dāng)于as it is in other countries, it 指代的是后面提到的情形。
e.g. In India, as in China, you can enjoy ancient culture and attractive scenery.
在印度，正如在中國(guó)，你可以領(lǐng)略到古老的文化和迷人的風(fēng)景。
(2) be closely linked to “與…緊密相關(guān)的”。由“l(fā)ink sth to(with) sth”而來，意為：“使和…聯(lián)系起來”。相當(dāng)于“be related to”.
e.g. Ice and snow are closely linked to the lives of Canadians. 冰與雪與加拿大人的生活緊密相關(guān)。
Violence is the activity that has been most frequently linked with the consequences of TV.
暴力行為往往與看電視的后果相聯(lián)系。
2．In areas where agriculture plays an important role, people do not attach importance to education, and parents are skeptical of anything that takes children away from their work on the farm. 在農(nóng)業(yè)占主要地位的地區(qū)，人們并不重視教育，父母親對(duì)任何有礙他們的孩子干農(nóng)活的事都持懷疑態(tài)度。
（1）attach importance (significance )to 意為“重視”。
e.g. Do you attach any importance to what he said. 你認(rèn)為他說的話重要嗎？
The government should attach importance to various types of education to meet the needs of the changing world. 政府應(yīng)當(dāng)重視發(fā)展各種類型的教育以適應(yīng)不斷發(fā)展的社會(huì)。
（2）be skeptical of /about 表示“（對(duì)某事物）不肯相信，常懷疑的（unwilling to believe sth）”。
“skeptical”為美式拼寫， 在英國(guó)英語中拼成“skeptical”.
e.g. I’m rather skeptical about their professed sympathy for the poor.他們聲稱同情窮人，我對(duì)此有些懷疑。
They say apple clean your teeth, but I’m skeptical about that myself.
他們說蘋果能清潔牙齒，我對(duì)此持懷疑態(tài)度。
3． China and other countries found that even when children from the countryside do start school, they have a tendency often to be absent and often drop out later. 中國(guó)和別的國(guó)家都發(fā)現(xiàn)，即使這些農(nóng)村來的孩子真的開始上學(xué)，他們也總有逃學(xué)并最終輟學(xué)的傾向。
have a tendency to do do sth 意為“傾向，趨向。” “tendency” 的動(dòng)詞為“tend”
“tendency” 還可構(gòu)成“（have） a tendency to /towards”的詞組。
e.g. Milk has a tendency to go sour in hot weather . 熱天牛奶易變壞。
Boys have a stronger tendency to fight than girls. 男孩比女孩更有打斗傾向。
All children have a tendency towards illness. 小孩都較易患病。
(1) drop out 表示“退出，掉隊(duì)，退學(xué)”之意。
e.g. The class began with ten students, but several have dropped out within the last month.
這個(gè)班級(jí)開始時(shí)有10個(gè)學(xué)生，但在最后一個(gè)月時(shí)，好幾個(gè)人退學(xué)了。
Teenagers who drop out of high school have trouble finding jobs.
中途輟學(xué)的青少年求職時(shí)會(huì)碰到困難。
4． China’s large population meant that the schools had to expand to take in many more students. 中國(guó)大量的人口意味著學(xué)校不得不擴(kuò)大以接納更多的學(xué)生。
（1） mean在此句中意為：“意味著…”后面可以跟名詞、動(dòng)名詞或從句。
e.g. Life to him meant action, rather than thought. 對(duì)他來說，生活意味著行動(dòng)，而不是思索。
I won’t wait if it means delaying more than a week. 我不會(huì)等待，如果這意味著耽擱一個(gè)多星期。
In some parts of London, missing a bus means waiting for another hour.
(2002上海春招) 在倫敦的一些地區(qū)，錯(cuò)過一輛巴士意味著得再等一個(gè)小時(shí)。
(1) expand 表示“擴(kuò)大，增大（become greater in size, number or importance）”.
e.g. Our foreign trade has expanded greatly in recent years. 我們的對(duì)外貿(mào)易近來有極大的發(fā)展。
His modest business eventually expanded into a supermarket empire.
他原先不大的生意后來擴(kuò)展成了超級(jí)市場(chǎng)集團(tuán)企業(yè)。
（4）take in 本句中意為“接受，接納。”它還可以表示以下等含義：
① 理解，領(lǐng)會(huì)，明白
e.g. They listened to my lecture, but how much did they take in, I wonder?
他們聽了我的講座，但是我懷疑他們到底聽懂了多少。
② 包括，涉及
e.g. The article takes in all aspects of the problem. 這篇文章包括了這個(gè)問題的所有方面。
③ 欺騙，使上當(dāng)
e.g. Don’t trust that fellow, he’ll take you in if he gets the chance.
不要相信那個(gè)家伙，他一有機(jī)會(huì)就回會(huì)騙你。
④ 將（衣服）收小，改瘦。
e.g. I’m getting much thinner, I’ll take in all my clothes. 我瘦多了，我得將我所有的衣服都改小。
5． In north and central Australia the population is so spread out that children in some rural settlements can be as far as 1,000 km away from the nearest school. 在澳大利亞的中北部地區(qū)，人口非常分散，以至于一些居住在鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)的兒童離最近的學(xué)校也有1000公里路。
spread out 表示“散開”的意思。
e.g. Halong Bay in Vietnam is made up of three thousand islands spread out in the clear green waters of the sea. (SEFC B 2B U15) 越南的九龍灣由三千個(gè)島嶼構(gòu)成，這些島嶼散布在蔚藍(lán)清澈的大海中。
Don’t all sit together, spread yourselves out. 別都擠在一塊兒，分開坐吧。
6． In these countries, where some people do not even have fresh water or basic health care, reaching the target of “Education for All” will be a huge task, despite help from the international community. 在這些國(guó)家里，有些人甚至不能喝到新鮮的水，得到基本的健康護(hù)理，要達(dá)到普及教育的目標(biāo)將是一個(gè)艱巨的任務(wù)，盡管能得到國(guó)際社社會(huì)的支持。
（1） 此句中where引導(dǎo)的定語從句限定前面的countries. 本文中出現(xiàn)了較多的where 引導(dǎo)的定語從句。應(yīng)注意前面的先行詞。如：
① In the Turks and Caicos Islands, where there are less than 20,000 people, the number of students in some schools is so low that students of several different grades are taught in the same class.
在特克司和凱科斯群島， 人口不足兩萬，有些學(xué)校學(xué)生數(shù)量很少，以至于幾個(gè)不同年級(jí)的學(xué)生在同一間教室里上課。
② To solve this, Australia uses “distance learning” method, where the students have lessons by two-way radio and mail.
為了解決這個(gè)問題，澳大利亞采用了遠(yuǎn)程教學(xué)的方法，學(xué)生們可以通過雙向廣播和郵件傳遞來學(xué)習(xí)。
● Language study
1. In today’s world of computerized working and developing technology, continued education is often essential for people to meet the changing requirements of their profession. 在工作電腦化和科技不斷發(fā)展的今天，為了滿足人們職業(yè)的不斷變化的需求，繼續(xù)教育是非常必要的。
(1) 此句中應(yīng)注意幾個(gè)非謂語動(dòng)詞computerized, continued , developing和changing，在句中作定語, 分別限定其后面的名詞。過去分詞表被動(dòng)，現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行。
(2) computerize “用計(jì)算機(jī)做某事，使計(jì)算機(jī)化”。
e.g. The accounts section has been completely computerized. 會(huì)計(jì)科已完全計(jì)算機(jī)化了。
computerize 的后綴- ize或 –ise表示“使…,…化”。類似結(jié)構(gòu)的詞有modernize(現(xiàn)代化), realize(意識(shí)到)，apologize(道歉)，popularize(使…受歡迎)等。
(3) 此句中continued為形容詞，作定語。 意為：“繼續(xù)不停的(going without stopping)”。
e.g. We have accumulated rich experience for the continued education of government employees and professionals.我們?cè)诮M織和實(shí)施公務(wù)員和專業(yè)技術(shù)人員繼續(xù)教育方面積累了相當(dāng)豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
(4) meet/satisfy/ fulfill the requirements “滿足…的需求”。
e.g. Our latest model should meet your requirements exactly. 我們的最新型號(hào)包你滿意。
In applying for the position of sales manager I offer my qualifications, which believe will meet your exacting requirements.為了申請(qǐng)銷售經(jīng)理的職位，附上我的合格證書，我認(rèn)為會(huì)符合你們嚴(yán)格的要求的。
Your essay should cover all the information provided and meet the requirements below:
你的文章應(yīng)該包含提供的所有信息，并滿足以下要求。
2. Parents are not prepared to send girls to school because they do not believe it will be
of any benefit. 父母親不愿意把女兒送去上學(xué)，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為這不會(huì)帶來任何好處。
(1) 此句中be prepared to 意為“能夠并愿意做某事（be able and willing to do sth）”。
e.g. I am prepared to lend you the money if you promise to pay it back.我愿意把錢借給你，你得答應(yīng)還給我。
I ’m not prepared to stay and listen to these outrageous insults.我可不愿意在這兒受這種奇恥大辱。
（2）be of benefit to
① be of benefit to “對(duì)…有好處”。benefit前可用“real, great, much, immense”等形容詞修飾。
e.g. Doing morning exercises will be of benefit to your health. 做早操對(duì)你的健康有利。
② "(be)+of+名詞"結(jié)構(gòu)中的名詞是抽象名詞時(shí),相當(dāng)于其中名詞所對(duì)應(yīng)的形容詞
的意思,說明被修飾詞具有某種特征或?qū)傩浴３Ｓ玫拿~有:
use/importance/help/value/interest/quality/service/benefit/necessity等。
e.g. I don't want to hear what you are saying. It is of no interest to me. (of no interest=not interesting) 我不想聽你說,我對(duì)此不感興趣。
Coal is of great importance to the development of industry. (of great importance=very important) 煤對(duì)工業(yè)發(fā)展是相當(dāng)重要的。
New Zealand wine is of high quality and is sold all over the world.
(SEFC BI U 18) 新西蘭的酒質(zhì)量很好，并且被銷往世界各地。
You'll find this map of great ________in helping you to get round London.(Key: C)
A. price B. cost C. value D. usefulness
3. However, when the facts are examined, it is clear that educating girls leads to
improved health and levels of income. 然而，仔細(xì)觀察事實(shí)可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，顯然讓女孩接受教育，最終可以改善健康狀況和提高收入水平。
(1) 此句中應(yīng)注意句型It is clear that …,it 是形式主語，真正的主語是that引導(dǎo)的從句。從句的主語是動(dòng)名詞短語educating girls, improved health and levels of income作lead to 的賓語。
類似的句型有：
It is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certain....) that .....
常譯為“清楚（顯然，真的，肯定．．．）”， 是主語從句最常見的一種結(jié)構(gòu)。
e. g It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree.
= That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear.
It was obvious to everyone that the child had been badly treated.
大家都清楚那個(gè)孩子受過虐待。
(2) lead to sth “導(dǎo)致某種結(jié)果( have sth as its results)”。 lead to中的to為介詞。
后跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞, 2003年上海高考題中，thief與catch 之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系, 故用了動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的被動(dòng)形式。
e.g. The discovery of new evidence led to _______ .('03上海) (key C)
A. the thief having caught B. catch the thief C. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caught
It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to rewards。
嬰兒學(xué)會(huì)做事情，因?yàn)樗哪承┬袨槟苡兴貓?bào)，這個(gè)觀念為人們所普遍接受。
The person must look for information that will make the problem clearer and lead to possible solutions. 2001年春季高考英語試題（北京卷完形）
這個(gè)人必須查尋信息，使問題更清晰，并找到可能的解決方法。
(3) improved health 其中的“improved” 是過去分詞作定語，限定health。
e.g. School health programs lead to increased student wellness and improved ability to learn.
學(xué)校的健康活動(dòng)改善了學(xué)生的身體狀況，并且也提高了學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)能力。
He believes that only hard work and perseverance can lead to improved performance.
他相信只有努力和毅力才能提高他的表演水平。
● Integrating skills，
1. Learning style theory suggests that different people have different ways of obtaining information and use various methods to demonstrate their intelligence and ability.
學(xué)習(xí)風(fēng)格理論表明不同的人有不同的獲得信息的方式，并且用不同的方法表現(xiàn)出他們的智力和能力。
(1) suggest
①本句中suggest表示“暗示、表明”時(shí)，后接名詞或that從句（從句謂語用陳述語氣）。
e.g. Are you suggesting that I’m too old for the job? 你的意思是說我太老而不能勝任這個(gè)工作了？
His failure in the exam suggested that he had not worked hard enough．
他考試沒及格表明他學(xué)習(xí)還不夠努力。
②suggest表示“建議、提議”時(shí)，后接名詞、代詞、-ing形式或that從句（從句謂語用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略）。
e.g. I suggest we go shopping together and look for a nice tank．我建議我們一起去商店買一個(gè)精致的魚缸。
I suggested that he（should）leave early．我建議他早點(diǎn)動(dòng)身。
(2) obtain 取得某物，經(jīng)（買、借、拿等）獲得
e.g. There are people who gamble or cheat to obtain money. Those people try to get money by dishonest means. 有一些通過欺騙和賭博獲得錢的人，他們總想通過不誠(chéng)實(shí)的手段來得到錢。
I obtained this record for you with difficulty. 我好不容易為你弄到了這張唱片。
(2) demonstrate
① demonstrate在本句中指“表明，表示（show）”.
e.g. His sudden departure demonstrates that he is unreliable. 他的突然離去表明他的不可靠。
② demonstrate 在高二教材中出現(xiàn)時(shí)，表示“示威集會(huì)或游行 ”。
可構(gòu)成詞組，demonstrate (against/in favor of sb /sth) 示威游行反對(duì)或贊成某人或某事。
它的名詞形式有demonstrator游行者,示威者，demonstration 示威或游行。
e.g. Thousands demonstrated against the price increases. 數(shù)以千計(jì)的人舉行示威，抗議物價(jià)上漲。
The police arrested more than 100 demonstrators. 警察逮捕了100多名示威游行者。
2. Although experts have many ideas and categories of learning, it is evident that people learn in three basic styles: learning through seeing, learning through listening and learning through doing. 盡管專家對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)有很多的想法和分類，但顯然，人們通過三種基本的方式來學(xué)習(xí)：視覺型學(xué)習(xí)，聽覺型學(xué)習(xí)和動(dòng)覺型學(xué)習(xí)。
(1) It is evident that …主語從句。相當(dāng)于 “It is clear/obvious that …”.詳見Language Study 的第3句解析。
(2) evident 形容詞，表示“明顯的，清楚的（obvious, clear）”。
e.g. He looked at his children with evident pride. 他以明顯的得意態(tài)度望著他的孩子。
The applause made it evident the play was a hit. 掌聲表明這個(gè)戲劇很成功。
3. Learning through doing means being active in exploring the environment and finding out about things by moving and touching. 在實(shí)踐中學(xué)習(xí)意味著積極地探索環(huán)境，通過觸摸去了解事物。
(1) 此句中注意…by doing sth 這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)，用來表示通過某種方式或手段。本文中
出現(xiàn)的還有：
e.g. Students who find it easiest to learn a new concept by hearing a teacher explain it are learning through listening. 有一些學(xué)生，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)會(huì)一個(gè)新概念的最簡(jiǎn)單的方法是聽老師解釋，這些學(xué)生是通過聽來學(xué)的。
4. Students who have this learning style take a hands-on approach to education and enjoy doing experiments or surveys. 有這種學(xué)習(xí)風(fēng)格的學(xué)生，他們會(huì)采取親身實(shí)踐的學(xué)習(xí)方法，而且喜歡做實(shí)驗(yàn)或調(diào)查。
(1) hands-on 作定語，意為“親生實(shí)踐的，實(shí)際的”。
e.g. Bush met the two leaders in a June 4 summit in Jordan showcasing his decision to take a more hands-on approach to Middle East peacemaking r.
六月四日，布什在約旦會(huì)見兩國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，表明他決定采取更實(shí)際行動(dòng)來推進(jìn)中東和平進(jìn)程。
5. They select a variety of activities to suit their students’ different learning styles.
他們挑選各種各樣的活動(dòng)，以適合學(xué)生不同的學(xué)習(xí)風(fēng)格。
(1) select 與choose 的辨析
choose 表示“選擇”或“挑選”的意思，是一個(gè)中性詞，表示范圍較小。
e.g. I'll let you choose how you are going to die．我將讓你選擇你怎樣去死。
I've chosen them because of the colours． 我選擇它們，是因?yàn)樗鼈兊念伾?/p>
choose 有時(shí)表示“推選”、“選舉”的意思。
e.g. They chose him monitor of the class．他們選他作為班長(zhǎng)。
Last year Mr Wang was chosen to attend a conference of advanced teachers．
去年汪先生被推選出席了先進(jìn)教師會(huì)議。
select 表示“精心挑選”、“選定”的意思，一般有主要的目的性。
e.g. He looked through the suits and selected a cheapest one for the party．
他在那些衣服里找了一陣，最后為晚會(huì)挑了一件最便宜的。
Why didn't you select a better subject for your composition?你干嗎不選一個(gè)更好的作文題目呢?
(2) suit
① suit本句中表示“適合，適應(yīng)（satisfy, meet the needs of, be convenient）”。
e.g. He said he knew of a hotel that might suit them. 他說他知道一個(gè)可能適合他們的旅館。
Let’s fix a day. Would Saturday night suit you? 我們定個(gè)日子吧，周六晚方便嗎？
② be suitable for/to “適合,合適”。在后面的writing中有一個(gè)句子。
e.g. What aspects of your study habits are not suitable to your learning style and why.
你的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣的哪些方面是不適合你的學(xué)習(xí)風(fēng)格的，為什么。
When we design buildings, we should keep in mind that there should be apartments that are suitable for disabled persons. (SEFC B2B U17)
當(dāng)我們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)大樓的時(shí)候，我們要記住：應(yīng)該設(shè)計(jì)一些適合殘疾人居住的公寓。
sit for參加（考試）
concentrate on 集中；專心；專注
to begin with首先；第一；起初
drop out （of）（從活動(dòng)、競(jìng)賽等中）退出；輟學(xué)
1. 脫離
Luckily, I dropped out before the deal turned sour.很幸運(yùn)的,在交易變壞前我已退出了。
One of my teeth has dropped out.我的一只牙齒掉了。
2. 退出;退學(xué) She dropped out of school to become a waitress.她退學(xué)去當(dāng)女招待。
result in產(chǎn)生某種作用或結(jié)果
Their dispute resulted in war.他們的爭(zhēng)端導(dǎo)致了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。
result from 起因于
His illness resulted from bad food. 他的病是由于吃了變質(zhì)的食物所致。
be skeptical of/about懷疑
Many were skeptical about this solution.許多人對(duì)這一解決辦法表示懷疑。
take in把（某人）帶進(jìn)；領(lǐng)入
The club took in a new member last week.俱樂部上星期又吸收了一名新會(huì)員。
2. 改小;改短
The dress needs to be taken in a bit.這衣服需要稍微改小一點(diǎn)。
rely on依賴；依靠
You can't rely on the weather.這天氣可靠不住。
You may rely on me to help you.你可以信賴我會(huì)幫助你的。
as far as（遠(yuǎn)）至（某處）；到……程度
They walked as far as the lake.他們一直走到湖邊。
2. 盡...;就...I'll help you as far as I can.我將盡我所能幫助你。
lifelong learning 終身學(xué)習(xí)
work out解決；計(jì)算出；詳細(xì)擬訂
1). 想出; 制訂出; 產(chǎn)生出work out a program制訂計(jì)劃
2). 解決; 確定
Can you work out on the map where we are now?你能在地圖上找到我們現(xiàn)在所在的位置嗎?
3). 使精疲力盡;耗盡 He never seems to be worked out.他好像永遠(yuǎn)都不知道疲倦似的。
4). 計(jì)算; (被) 算出5). 理解, 弄懂; 知道6). (使) 松脫, (使)脫出
7). 被證明有效 (或切實(shí)可行、合適)8). 產(chǎn)生結(jié)果; 發(fā)展; 成功
9). 鍛煉, 訓(xùn)練10). 在工作中度過(時(shí)間)11). 在外當(dāng)雇工
have a lot in common有很多共同之處
be suited for適合做……，對(duì)……適宜