作者：曲保玉
一、要保持良好心態(tài),學(xué)會(huì)善于預(yù)覽,做到有的放矢。
準(zhǔn)確獲取對(duì)話中的具體信息,如時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、數(shù)字、價(jià)錢等,它們?cè)谠囶}中占相當(dāng)大的比例。這類題要求學(xué)生在聽清、聽懂信息的同時(shí),還要對(duì)所聽到的信息做簡(jiǎn)單的計(jì)算、時(shí)間比較、深層推理等。
例1:
At what time does train to Leeds leave?
A. 3:00. B. 3:15. C. 5:00.
錄音原文:
W: Excuse me, could you tell me when the next train to Manchester leaves?
M: Sure. Well, it's three now. The next train to Manchester leaves in two hours, but you can take train to Leeds which leaves in fifteen minutes, and then get off at Manchester. It stops at Manchester on the way.
本題考查考生對(duì)話語(yǔ)所揭示信息的分辨能力。在男士的答語(yǔ)中給了三個(gè)時(shí)間,現(xiàn)在是三點(diǎn),下一趟去Manchester的時(shí)間為再過(guò)2個(gè)小時(shí),去 Leeds 的火車是15 分鐘之后,只有第一個(gè)和第三個(gè)時(shí)間才與所問(wèn)問(wèn)題有關(guān)。所以答案為B。
二、理解對(duì)話的主旨大意。
常見的提問(wèn)形式有:What are they talking about? / What are the man and the woman talking about? / What does the passage talk about?等等。對(duì)于此類題若是對(duì)話,則要把對(duì)話雙方聯(lián)系起來(lái)考慮。一般來(lái)說(shuō)更應(yīng)注意第一個(gè)說(shuō)話人所說(shuō)的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ),它往往引出一個(gè)話題。
例2:
What are the two speakers talking about?
A. A football player.
B. A football team.
C. A football match.
錄音原文:
W: Do you know that Michael Owen has won France Football's Golden Ball Prize?
M: Not a surprise. He has 20 goals this season.
本題考查對(duì)所聽對(duì)話主題的把握。對(duì)話的中心談一位球員, 而不是一支球隊(duì)或一場(chǎng)球賽。所以答案為A。
三、推斷對(duì)話發(fā)生的背景、地點(diǎn)及對(duì)話者之間的關(guān)系。
常見的提問(wèn)方式有:Where is... ? /Where does the conversation probably take place? / Where are the two speakers now? /Where is the man going? 和 What's the man (woman)? / What' s the man's (woman's) occupation? / What's the probable relationship between the two speakers? / Who is ... ?等等。對(duì)于此類問(wèn)題要求考生根據(jù)談話內(nèi)容來(lái)揣摩、推斷談話發(fā)生的場(chǎng)所或抓住暗示人物身份與關(guān)系的詞語(yǔ)等,據(jù)此做出正確的判斷。
例3:
What is the relationship between the two speakers?
A. Neighbors. B. Father and daughter.
C. Husband and wife.
錄音原文:
W: Hello.
M: Hello. Lucy. This is John. Look, could you do me a favor? I've tried to phone my wife six times and I can't get through. The line is busy all the time. Could you possibly go next door and give her a message?
W: Sure. What do you want to tell Mary?
M: Could you just say I've run into an old friend and I'm staying with him and not at the hotel. I'll give her a ring later.
W: Sure. I'll go round now.
M: Thanks a lot, Lucy.
W: Okay. Bye.
M: Bye!
該題考查考生對(duì)談話者之間的關(guān)系進(jìn)行判斷。根據(jù)對(duì)話中的語(yǔ)氣及內(nèi)容,我們不難判斷此題的答案為A。
四、理解領(lǐng)會(huì)對(duì)話的觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度及意圖
常用的提問(wèn)方式有:What does the man (woman) think of ... ? / How does the man (woman) feel about... ? 等等。聽這類試題我們首先要判斷兩個(gè)人的態(tài)度是否相同。如果不相同,我們要分清每個(gè)人對(duì)這件事情的看法,千萬(wàn)不能夠混淆。另外說(shuō)話人的態(tài)度是通過(guò)語(yǔ)氣、語(yǔ)調(diào)等的變化體現(xiàn)出來(lái)的,因此,聽的時(shí)候要做出正確的判斷。
例4:
6. How does the man feel about David's way of sleeping?
A. It's effective. B. It's strange. C. It's the best.
7. How many hours does David sleep a day?
A. Four. B. Six. C. Seven.
8. What does the woman suggest at the end of the talk?
A. People should develop a habit like David's.
B. People need longer hours of sleep.
C. People have different sleeping habits.
錄音原文:
M: How come David is always so full of energy.
W: He has a strange but highly effective way of sleeping.
M: What is that?
W: He takes a short sleep for an hour every six hours and has a total of four hours' sleep each day.
M: Where did he get that strange idea?
W: He read from a book which said it was the best way of human beings and he believed that.
M: How many hours do you sleep a day?
W: I need at least seven hours. I once tried to follow David's example. But it never worked out of me.
M: If I sleep during the day, I can never wake up.
W: Not everyone is David, I guess.
第6小題考查對(duì)說(shuō)話者所持觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度的理解情況。對(duì)話中女士提出 He has a strange but highly effective way of sleeping, 然后對(duì)David的睡眠方式進(jìn)行了一番描述。男士則繼續(xù)質(zhì)疑,其中也體現(xiàn)自己的態(tài)度:Where did he get that strange idea? 所以最佳答案為B。第7小題考查細(xì)節(jié),A為正確答案。第8小題與第6小題考查的內(nèi)容一樣。男女對(duì)David的睡眠方式進(jìn)行了一番討論之后,女士才說(shuō)"Not everyone is David, I guess.",意為"我想不同的人有不同的睡眠方式"。所以C項(xiàng)為最佳答案。