Unit 18
Teaching goals:
1. talk about New Zealand
2. talk about location and directions
3. learn to use “it” as subject
4. write a description of a country or aregion.
Period 1
Learn the new words in this unit.
1. 表示方位的詞匯：
（n) east west north south
southeast northeast southwest northwest
(adj) eastern western northern southern
northeastern northwestern
southeastern southwestern central
2.表示方位的句子：
Japan is to the east of China.
Japan lies to the east of China.
Japan lies east of China.
Nanjing lies on the Changjiang River.
Guangdong lies to the south of Hubei.
Guangdong lies on the south of Hunan.
Guangdong lies in the southeast of China.
Taiwan lies off the south east coast
East of the city lies an airport.
An airport stands in the east of the city.
3. Surround vt; vi 包圍； 圍繞
A high wall surrounds the prison camp. 一道高墻圍住了戰(zhàn)俘集中營。
The police surrounded the house where an explosion happened ten minutes ago.
警察包圍了十分中前發(fā)生爆炸案的那所房子。
4. mild: adj.
----soft; gentle; not severe 溫和的; 不嚴(yán)厲的
mild weather 溫和的天氣
mild answer 溫柔的回答
mild punishment 不嚴(yán)厲的懲罰
----(of food, drinks, tobacco) not sharp or strong in taste of flavor 不濃的；淡爽的
I’d like some mild cheese.
My grandfather sometimes has mild cigar.
5. Settle:-
1）---vt; vi 安家； 定居 make home in; live in
After retirement, the professor setteled in the country.
The couple decide to move to london and settle there.
2）----com to rest (on); stay for some time (on)
The bird settled on a branch.
The dust settled on the desk.
3）----solve
They had all the problems settled at the meeting.
It’s time you settled the argument.
6. take possession of 奪取；占有
You can’t take the possession of the house untill all the papers have been signed.
在各項證件簽字之前，你不能住進(jìn)那房子。
At midnight they crossed the river and took possession of the village.
be in possession of 持有
win possession of the ball 搶到球
a man of great possessions 富人
lose all one’s possessions 失去所有財產(chǎn)
possess vt. 有； 具有 （own; have)
What a pity the greedy man possessed nothing at last.
7. Conference:
a doctor's conference 醫(yī)生的會議
Mr. Smith is in conference with his advisers. 史密斯先生和他的顧問們協(xié)商。
a fact-finding conference 調(diào)查會
a press [news] conference 記者招待會
be in conference 正在開會討論
call a conference 召集會議
have a conference with 和...協(xié)商［談判］
8. Relation relationship
Relation :指明確，具體的關(guān)系。 如：事物之間的關(guān)系（用單數(shù)，可加不定冠詞）；國家、團(tuán)體或人民之間的聯(lián)系或交往（常用復(fù)數(shù)）；也可指親戚關(guān)系、親戚（可數(shù)）。
Relationship 指的關(guān)系比較抽象、籠統(tǒng)，著重人的感覺或彼此之間的態(tài)度，常用來表現(xiàn)國際、人際、親屬等關(guān)系狀況， 還可表示強烈的感情上的關(guān)系或聯(lián)系。
Is there a relation between walking and health?
The two countries decided to develop the further economic and trade relations.
I’m not going to give my boyfriend the job just because of our relationship.
It was in 1979 that the USA established diplomatic relations, ending the prolonged abnormal relationship between them.
1979年中美建立外交關(guān)系，從而結(jié)束了兩國關(guān)系的長期不正常狀態(tài)。
Period 2
1. Show a map of the world and ask the students to write out the names of the seven continents and the four oceans.
2. Fill in the blanks about some information about China. And talk about it.
Full country name:______
Location:________
Area:_____sq km. The largest? the 2nd largest? the 3rd largest
Population:_________
Capital city:____________
Languages:___________
Religions:____________
Minorities:___________
Major products/industries:______
3. Learn some useful expressions.
(1) Where is….?
Where is … located?
What is the position of…?
(2) …is/lies in /on/to the south of
(某島嶼)is/lies off the east coast of
…is/lies north/south/east/west of
in the northern / western part of…southeastern / northeastern Shaanxi is/lies…Central / East China
4. Some example sentences:
1.Mongolia lies to the north of Inner Mongolia.
2.Russia lies to the north of China.
3.India lies to the south of China.
4.Vietnam lies to the south of China.
5.South Korea lies to the east of China across the Yellow Sea.
6.Japan lies to the east of China.
7.The Yellow Sea lies to the east of Shandong and Jiangsu Provinces.
8.The Pacific Ocean is off the eastern coast of Taiwan Island.
9.Taiwan Island lies off the coast of Fujian Province.
10.Hainan Island lies off the coast of Guangdong Province\South China.
Homework
1. Suppose you were a manager of a Travel Service in Shaanxi, you are introducing the known places of interest to the travel agencies or the travel reporters in other cities in China.
Welcome to visit the sceneries of Shaanxi!
2.Draw a map of Shaanxi, including cities, seven counties, rivers, islands and traveling spots, and mark them out in the map. Show it in class (Better in group).
以小組為單位，通過各種途徑如Internet等搜集有關(guān)陜西的組成、地理、河流和景點，并將它們標(biāo)在地圖上，在用簡單的語言描述。要求以圖片或powerpoint的形式由每組的group speaker展示
Period 3
1.Read the text and Divide the whole passage into four parts.
Para1: Geographical feature and cities.
Para2: Climate
Para3: Landscapes
Para4: Earliest settlers-Maori
Para.1:Geographical feature and cities.
(1) What’s the location?
(2) What’re the waters in relation to NZ?
(3) (Marking the main cities, capital, two parts-north / south islands, seas, ocean on the map.)
Para.2 : Climate
(1) What’s the main type of climate ?
(2) What are the seasons like?
Para.3: Landscapes
(1) What can we see near the coastline?
(2) Where can we see volcanoes and hot springs?
(3) What’s NZ’s national bird?
Para.4: Earliest settlers-Maori
(1) What was NZ called 1000 years ago?
(2) What did they bring in to NZ when they settled ?
(3) When is considered as a national holiday?
2. Read the text and choose the right choice:
1.Which of the following refers to New Zealand?
A.It is made up of four parts -Wales, England, Scotland and Northern Ireland.
B. It consists of four parts -Hokkaido, Kyushu, Honshu and Shikoku.
C. There are two parts in it -North Island and South Island.
D. It is made up of three islands, including Bali Island.
2. What’s the Chinese for the word “hot spring” in the text?
A.暖春 B. 加熱了的彈簧
C. 溫泉 D. 受人崇拜的年輕人
3. The first settlers of New Zealand were ______.
A.Europeans, mainly British
B.islanders of Polynesia in the Pacific
C.people from Asian countries
D.people from Australia
4. From the text we know that the population of New Zealand is mainly made up of ________.
A. the Maori and Europeans
B. the Maori, Europeans and Pacific islanders
C. the Maori and Kooris
D. the Maori and Asians
5. Which of the following is not mentioned in the text?
A.Kiwi is New Zealand’s national bird.
B.Kiwi is a flightless bird.
C.Kiwi lives only in New Zealand.
D.Kiwi is a introduced bird.
Peroid 4
1. Language points:
1.New Zealand is an island that lies off the eastern coast of Australia.
off “在離…的海上”(in a part of the ocean that is near the land)
They live on the island off the coast of Fujian.
他們住在福建沿海的一個島嶼上。
They were sailing two miles off the shore.
他們在離岸兩英里的海上航行。
off “靠近…”(near a particular street, road,etc. but not directly on it)
The restaurant is just off the main road.
這家餐館就在主干道旁邊。
2. be made up of = consist of; 由…組成
be made of 用…制造;
be made from 用…制成;
be made into 被制成;
be made in 在某地制造;
make up (for) 彌補，補償;
This novel ______________ ten chapters.
The bridge _________ steel.
Paper____________ wood.
We must ___________to him somehow.
You have to find a time _____________the lessons you missed.
make up 組成；編造；和解；化妝；補足
Peasants make up the majority of the population of our country.
Don’t make up excuse any more for your coming late.
She has made up her quarrel with me.
She took over 30 minutes to make up.
We have to drive fast to make up the hours we lost in Boston.
3. New Zealand is surrounded by the pacific Ocean to the north and east, and Tasman Sea to the south and west.
surround with be surrounded with/by
Mountains surround the village on three sides.
The village is surrounded by mountains on three sides.
4. Many of New Zealand’s cities lie on a bay and have a natural deep harbour. 新西蘭許多城市都建在海灣上，擁有天然的深水港。
on---- “在…（水）畔; 靠近…（水）”
Her mother comes from a village on the Baltic Sea.
他母親出身在靠近波羅的海的一個村莊。
A town on the Mississippi 密西西比河岸上的小鎮(zhèn)
比較： on the coast （在岸邊） off the coast （在海上）
5. It is some 3,500 kilometers from Polynesia to New Zealand, which they travelled in narrow boats. 從波利尼西亞到新西蘭約有3500 公里， 他們乘著狹長的小船前來。
it 和which 均代表距離。
some 是副詞，數(shù)字前＝about
That was some twenty years ago.
Polynesia 是位于大洋洲東部的中太平洋群島， 主要包括法屬波利尼西亞， 夏威夷，湯加等。
6. 其它短語：
1.off the eastern coast of 在…東海岸
2. about the same size as 和…大約一樣大
3. throw water high into the air 把水噴向空中
5. be used to do sth 被用來做…
5. take possession of 占據(jù)
6. sign an agreement with 與…簽約
Period 5
1. Language study
Nouns:
1.The jungles of South East Asia are the natural habitat to many different kinds of subtropical animals and plants.
2. Canada is covered by very large forests.
2. The Chinese province of Inner Mongolia is famous for its grasslands.
4. Some of the mountains in southwest China belong to the highest in the world.
5. The Summer Palace is built on the hills to the west of Beijing.
7. Sands from the deserts in Northwest China is carried over hundreds of kilometres and causes terrible sand storms in spring.
Adjectives:
1.By the end of spring, our schoolyard has turned into a grassy field.
2. The best swimming and sunbathing is along the sandy beaches on Hainan Island.
3. The river flows through flat land between the mountains.
4. Most of the countryside in southeast England is hilly.
5. There is only a rocky path that leads to the top of the mountain.
6. In the past the hillsides and most of the land was wooded.
8. Coming from a mountainous country, the girl likes climbing mountains very much.
Combinations:
1.The USA is famous for the Rocky Mountains.
2.The mountainous jungles of the central and South America are among the most dangerous areas for tourists.
4. Where once green forests could be seen, there are now only sandy hills.
4. Many young travellers choose a hiking trip on the wooded hills.
5. Over a period of millions of years, high mountains are turned to hilly, and finally into flat lands.
5. Sheep farming is found everywhere on the grassy hills in the east.
Period 6
1. Read the text and check the understanding
1.The word “hui” means_______.
A. a special day for Maori
B. a special place for Maori
C. a special event
D. a special service for Maori
2. Which of the following is wrong?
A.Maori is an official language in New Zealand.
B.New Zealand is an agricultural country.
C.New Zealand, with its modern cities, attracts tourists from all over the world.
D.Maori people believe that the spirit stays with the dead person for 3 days.
3.When is the summer in New Zealand?
A.From March to June.
B. From June till august.
C. From September till December.
D. From December to February.
4.“ Maori children are taught at an early age what to do when they come to the marae,” shows that ______.
A. they are good at education.
B.they hope to keep their way of life alive.
C. they want their children to behave properly in the society.
D. they want to keep their children away from the white people.
2.Language study:
1. The happier events are marked with speeches, singing and dancing. 在喜慶事件中，人們發(fā)表講話， 載歌載舞來慶祝。
mark… with… 用…作標(biāo)記
The newly –painted floor was marked with footprints.
an ink mark 墨水漬
a question mark 問號
a tide mark 潮標(biāo) full marks 滿分
2. turn to 轉(zhuǎn)向； 轉(zhuǎn)而去…（接名詞或動名詞）
Some farmers have turned to keeping deer.
His attention turned to the pretty young girl.
He turned to the study and practice of medicine.
After he left university he became a teacher, but later he turned to journalism./ but later he turned journalist.
3. New Zealand wine is of high quality.
The wok is very important.=
The old watch is still useful to me.=
The soldiers are almost the same in height.=
Their suggestion is very valuable. =
4. Refer to
1.查閱， 參考
A person refers to a dictionary to find the meaning of words.
I had forgotten the date of the battle, so I referred to a history book.
The speaker referred to his notes now and then.
2.把…稱作
Don’t refer to your sister as a silly cow!
The boy used to be referred to as clever.
3. 指的是， 指…而言
When I said some people are stupid I didn't refer to you.
I knew the lady was referring to Bill when she spoke of a bright young man.
4.提到，談到，涉及到
The speaker referred to his past experiences.
Don’t refer to me in your letter or in your speech.
Period 8
Gung Ho!
1.despite = in spite of (prep.)
Despite the bad weather we enjoyed our holiday.
盡管天氣不好，我們的假期仍過得很愉快。
He remains modest despite his achievements
他盡管有成績?nèi)匀槐３种t虛。
in spite of
They kept going in spite of their fears.
他們不顧害怕繼續(xù)前進(jìn)
I went out in spite of the rain.
盡管下雨我還是出去了。
In spite of great efforts we failed to carry our plans through.
"盡管我們作出了巨大努力,我們還是沒能完成計劃。"
3. Try one’s luck 試運氣
4. Set up factories 建工廠
5. Be skilled at 在…方面有技能
6. Run business 經(jīng)營生意