單元教學(xué)目標(biāo)
1. 副詞的比較級(jí)，最高級(jí)的運(yùn)用
2. 形容詞、副詞的同級(jí)比較形式(as…as not as/so…as)
3. 與運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)有關(guān)的詞組、句式
【重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)解析】
1. 副詞的比較等級(jí)。
A. 有些副詞和形容詞一樣，也有比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。單音詞和少數(shù)雙音詞是在詞尾加-er或-est構(gòu)成其比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)；部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞是在詞前加more或most；還有就是不規(guī)則變化形式；如：well better best badly worse worst much more most far farther farthest
B. 當(dāng)二者(人或物)進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，用比較級(jí)。如：
Yu Yan ran faster than Li Lei.
Lucy did worse than Lily.
C. 三者或三者以上進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，表示其中一人或物“最……”時(shí)，用最高級(jí)。副詞最高級(jí)前可省略定冠詞the。
Zhang Jun jumped(the) highest of all.
LiLy did worst of the three.
D. 在表示“和…一樣”以及“不如……時(shí)”，可用“as…as…”和“not so/as…as…”結(jié)構(gòu)，句子中形容詞或副詞須用原形。
I run as fast as Li Ming. 我和李明跑得一樣快。
Mike didn't sing so/as well as Mary. 邁克唱歌不如瑪麗。
2. He stopped to get it and of course fell behind.
他停下來(lái)?yè)旖恿Π簦?dāng)然就落后了。
stop to do sth. 意思是“停下某事而去做另一件事”；stop doing sth. 意思是“停止正在做的事情”。如：
①The teacher was reading a book before we came, but he stopped to talk with us as soon as he saw us.
在我們來(lái)以前，老師正在看書，但他一見到我們就停下來(lái)和我們說(shuō)話。
②The students stopped talking when the teacher came in.
老師進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，學(xué)生們停止了說(shuō)話。
3. …and congratulation to the winners. ……而且祝賀獲勝者。
congratulation常用復(fù)數(shù)，可單獨(dú)使用，也可構(gòu)成詞組。
congratulations to sb. on (doing) sth. 意為“為某事向某人表示祝賀”。
Congratulations to you on your good results.
4. Girls' 100-metre race. 女子百米賽。
“100米”應(yīng)譯為100 metres。但是100-metre是合成詞，用來(lái)修飾race時(shí)，metre用單數(shù)形式，作前置定語(yǔ)。也可以說(shuō)：The race of girls' 100 metres. 這時(shí)100 metres做后置定語(yǔ)。
注意girls'要用復(fù)數(shù)名詞的所有格。
5. …but I know you did you best, and that's what's important.
…但我知道你盡力了，那才是重要的。
此句中what's important作表語(yǔ)從句。
do one's best to do sth. 盡力去做某事。I'll do my best to study English well.
【命題趨勢(shì)分析】
1. 形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)是本單元的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容，其應(yīng)用是本單元的重點(diǎn)命題方向。要注意有些句子比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)形式的相互轉(zhuǎn)換。
2. 關(guān)于談?wù)摗斑\(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)”的一些重要的詞組的應(yīng)用，也是考點(diǎn)之一。
如：Who's first? take part in, pass…on, catch up with, stop to do sth. fall behind, go on doing sth, be neck and neck, at the same time, It was difficult to see. 等等
3. 幾個(gè)不規(guī)則變化的副詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的應(yīng)用，如：
far-farther-farthest, badly-worse-worst, well-better-best等。
核心知識(shí)
【常用詞匯積累】
n: meeting, neck, stick, race, relay, loudspeaker, result, headteacher.
v: win, shout.
adv: far鰂arther鰂arthest, loudly, rather, badly.
詞組: 100-metre race, the high jump, he long jump, be in front, at the same time, a moment later, come on, pass on(to), catch up with, fall behind, right now.
【基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)精講】
1. Who was first? 誰(shuí)第一?
表示名次時(shí)應(yīng)該用序數(shù)詞，序數(shù)詞有不加冠詞。注意序數(shù)詞在句中做副詞或用做表語(yǔ)時(shí)，前面不加冠詞。
2. Which sport are you in today? 今天你參加了什么項(xiàng)目?
in 為副詞，be in…(sport)參加…運(yùn)動(dòng)，如：
I'm in 100-metre race. 我參加100米比賽。
be in可替換成take part in…
I take part in 100-metre race.
3. Come on! 快! 快跑!
這個(gè)詞組用于比賽時(shí)，有“加油”助威之意，相當(dāng)于“Run quickly! ”在不同的場(chǎng)合，它還可譯為“快呀! 來(lái)呀! ”等不同的意思。
Come on! Don't feel shy. 來(lái)吧! 別害羞!
4. Class 3 were in front. 三班領(lǐng)先。
Class 3 were the winners. 三班是獲勝者。
Class 3 在這里指“三班的學(xué)生”，動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。class和family都是集體名詞，有時(shí)作單數(shù)看待(強(qiáng)調(diào)整體)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)其中的各個(gè)成員時(shí)，應(yīng)視其為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：
Class 3 is a good class. 三班是個(gè)好班。
Her family are watching TV now. 她全家正在看電視。
5. At the end of the first lap, Li Lei quickly passed the stick on to Jim.
在第一圈的終點(diǎn)，李雷迅速把接力棒傳給了吉姆。
A. at the end of… 在……的末尾，在……的終點(diǎn)，在……結(jié)束時(shí)可接表時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)的名詞。
at the end of the street. 在街道的盡頭。
at the end of March. 在三月底。
B. pass…on to sb “把……傳遞給某人” on是副詞，表示“繼續(xù)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的連續(xù)性，與名詞連用時(shí)，放在名詞前或后均可；如與代詞連用，只能放在代詞后。
I passed the book on to Kate. 或I passed on the book to Kate.
I passed it on to Kate. 不能說(shuō) I passed on it to Kate.
6. He began to catch up with Jim. 他開始趕上吉姆了。
A. begin start to do sth. 開始做某事。如I begin to do my homework after school.
B. catch up with…趕上，追上…… 相當(dāng)于“keep up with…”其反義詞組為“fall behind(落后)”。如強(qiáng)調(diào)追上“誰(shuí)”或“什么”，可以去掉介詞“with”。如：
She is working hard to catch up with her classmates.
她正努力學(xué)習(xí)以趕上她的同學(xué)。
7. A moment later, the class 4 runner fell and hurt his leg, but he quickly got up and went on running. 過(guò)了一會(huì)兒，四班的運(yùn)動(dòng)員摔倒了，傷著了腿，但他迅速爬起來(lái)繼續(xù)跑。
①the Class 4 runner=the runner from Class 4 (四班的運(yùn)動(dòng)員)
②a moment later=after a moment 過(guò)了一會(huì)兒(常用于過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài))
③go on doing sth. 繼續(xù)做某事(接著原來(lái)的事做)，等于go on with sth.
go on to do sth. 接著去做另外一件事。
8. Jiang Honglin was catching up fast too, but not fast enough.
江宏林也趕得很快，但還是不夠快。
enough修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)，放在被修飾的詞后；它修飾名詞時(shí)，一般放在被修飾的名詞前。如：
I didn't get there early enough to catch the train. 我去得不夠早，沒有趕上火車。
There is enough food for 20 people. 有足夠20人吃的食物。
9. She did rather badly. 她做得相當(dāng)糟。
rather意為“相當(dāng)”，表示程度。quite, rather, very三個(gè)詞在程度上逐漸加強(qiáng)。
典型例題
【課本難題解答】
1. Mike writes than Kate does. (carefully)
析：由句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析應(yīng)該用比較級(jí)，用音節(jié)詞carefully的比較級(jí)是在其前加more，所以答案為：more carefully。
2. My friend Tom swim of all the boys. (fast)
析：由of all the boys的提示知用最高級(jí)，這里表示游得最快，故用fastest。(副詞最高級(jí)前的定冠詞the可省略)
3. Wan Ming is boy in his class. (tall)
析：由in his class 提示應(yīng)用最高級(jí)，故應(yīng)填the tallest。
4. The Yellow River is the second river in our country.
析：序數(shù)詞修飾最高級(jí)，表示“第幾大(長(zhǎng)，寬)…”等的意思，故答案為longest。
5. Mary did than any other girl in the sports meeting. (badly)
析：此題考查badly的比較等級(jí)的不規(guī)則形式，應(yīng)填worse，此題也易出同義句轉(zhuǎn)換，即Mary did of all the girls in the sports meeting. (worst)
【閱讀分析點(diǎn)撥】
Jim likes playing football. And he also likes watching football matches. As he hasn't enough money to buy the tickets, he has to watch them on TV at home if he's free. But to his regret he always goes to school from Monday to Friday and misses a lot of important matches.
One afternoon there would be the biggest football match of the year in America, Jim wanted to watch it on TV very much, but he couldn't. They would have a physics test the next morning and he had to prepare it.
“Can we have a video(錄像機(jī))，Mum? ”Jim asked before he went to school. “Then you'll record(錄)the football matches for me. ”
“I'm afraid we can't buy one, ”sighed(嘆氣)his mother.
But next afternoon in came Jim, with a new video in his arms.
“How on earth did you pay for that, Jim? ”the woman asked in surprise.
“That's easy, Mum. ”answered the boy. “I've sold our TV set! ”
( )1. Jim is a .
A. school girl B. school boy
C. player D. college student
( )2. Jim often misses a lot of important football matches because .
A. he hasn't enough money to watch them
B. he has to go to school
C. he is busy with his lessons
D. his parents don't let him watch them
( )3. As , Jim couldn't watch the biggest football match that afternoon.
A. he didn't get any tickets
B. something was wrong with the TV set
C. he had to go over physics
D. there would be a physics test
( )4. Jim's mother sighed because .
A. they had no money to buy a video
B. she had to time to record the match
C. she didn't know how to record the match
D. she couldn't borrow a video
( )5. In fact, .
A. a video is more useful than TV set
B. only a video can record all the programmes
C. it's impossible to record any programmes
D. a video can work only with the help of a TV set
本單元的有關(guān)運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的閱讀材料，含有許多固定的詞組，閱讀時(shí)注意正確理解詞意，要與平時(shí)自己參加運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的情景聯(lián)系起來(lái)。
第1題選D，從第一段的有關(guān)敘述可得出來(lái)。第2題選B，從第一段的第四句中可得。第3題選C，“They would have a physics test…prepare it”。第4題選A。第5題選D。
【有關(guān)"Unit 22 The sports meeting" 的教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)】
教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)1. The Sports Meeting
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：
詞語(yǔ)
fast, badly, still, enough, hold a (sports) meeting, come on, pass on, catch up (with), at the same time, a moment later, fall behind, right now
句型及日常交際用語(yǔ)
1．Who was first/second/third/…?
2．Which sport are you in?
3．Who won?/Who won the girls' 400 metres?
4．It was nothing, really.
5．It was difficult to do sth..
6．go on doing sth…
7．do well in…
8．學(xué)習(xí)“祝賀”的日常交際用語(yǔ)。
語(yǔ)法
1．學(xué)習(xí)副詞的比較等級(jí)
2．復(fù)習(xí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)
教案內(nèi)容：
內(nèi)容1：教學(xué)重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)
教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)2. The sports meeting
教案內(nèi)容：
內(nèi)容1：教學(xué)過(guò)程
課后練習(xí)1：課后練習(xí)
1.選擇填空
1）Lucy won race in the school sports meeting.
A.400 metres of girls B.the girl’s 400 metre
C.the girls 400-metres D.the girs’ 400-metre
【答案】D
【分析】該句意思是“Lucy在校運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)女子四百米中獲勝。”用數(shù)詞+名詞，中間連字符
連接，名詞不使用復(fù)數(shù)，通常構(gòu)成形容詞用作定語(yǔ)，類似結(jié)構(gòu)有數(shù)詞+名詞+形容詞，如：a ten-year-old 一個(gè)十歲男孩。也可不用連字符號(hào)（-），但名詞要變復(fù)數(shù)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)修飾形容詞做程度狀語(yǔ)，如：The river is 50 metres wide.這條河50米寬。因此“400米比賽”有兩種表示法，即the 400-metre race和the 400metres race。另外，名詞所有格通常用于有生命：名詞后加“’s”或“’”。故此題應(yīng)該選擇D。
2)The house isn’t for the whole family to live .
A.enough big,/ B. big enough,/
C. large enough, in D. enough large, by
【答案】C
【分析】該句意思是“這房子對(duì)全家人住在里面來(lái)說(shuō)不夠大。”當(dāng)enough修飾形容詞和副詞時(shí)，一般放在被修飾詞之后。例如：you didn’t write carefully enough.你寫得不夠細(xì)心。The rope is not long enough. It can’t reach the wall.這條繩子不夠長(zhǎng)，夠不到墻那里。該句主語(yǔ)house從邏輯上分析是live的賓語(yǔ)。但live是不及物動(dòng)詞，因此in不能省略。故此題應(yīng)選C。
3)The bell didn’t wake him up.He .
A. went on to sleep B. went on sleeping
C. goes on sleep D. went on sleep
【答案】B
【分析】首先,通過(guò)第一句一般過(guò)去時(shí)判斷出第二句的時(shí)態(tài)也應(yīng)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)。go on doing“繼續(xù)做某事”，即做原來(lái)在做的那件事。該句意思是“鈴聲沒有喚醒他，他繼續(xù)睡覺（他原來(lái)就在睡覺）”。又如：
When he was in hospital, he went on writing his paper.
當(dāng)他住院時(shí)，他繼續(xù)在寫他的論文。
關(guān)于go on 詳解請(qǐng)參看【指點(diǎn)迷津】。
4)The girls Class Three ran fast on the first lap .
A. in B. of C. from D. off
【答案】C
【分析】介詞from表示某人來(lái)自某處,可能是作為代表來(lái)的,不用of ,故選C。
5)Who did you pass the stick at the end of the second lap？
A. on B. on to C. at D.不填
【答案】B
【分析】pass…on to sb.表示“把……傳遞給……”，疑問(wèn)詞who在句中作介詞to的賓
語(yǔ)，不能丟掉。該句疑問(wèn)詞還可以用whom，即Whom did you pass the stick on to at the end of the second lap?故選B。
6)Zhang Jun was first the high jump.He jumped one metre and sixty-seven.
A.in…over B. in…up C. on…over D. at…on
【答案】A
【分析】be in ,表示“參加……項(xiàng)目”；jump over“表示跳過(guò)……高度”。故此題選A。
2.句子改寫
1）Wang Lin runs fastest in our class.
Wang Lin runs than students in our class.
【答案】faster, the other
【分析】該句是:“王林在我們跑得最快。” 用最高級(jí)形式表達(dá)的，還可以用比較級(jí)來(lái)表示。用比較級(jí)表達(dá)最高級(jí)形式共為十種，詳解參看【指點(diǎn)迷津】。根據(jù)所給條件，將符合題意的是第8種。
2）Who won the first
Who in the race?
【答案】was the first?
【分析】在比賽中獲勝的或者失利的標(biāo)志就是名次。因此,本題可以用序數(shù)詞來(lái)完成.
再如:Li Lei runs fastest in the class.
Li Lei than student in the class. (Key: faster, any other)
3）Wu Peng can’t catch up with the others.
Wu Peng the others.
【答案】fulls behind
【分析】該句意思是“吳朋不能趕上其他人。”從句意上可以找出一個(gè)短語(yǔ)“fall behind”與原句意思相當(dāng)。譯為“落后于……，落在……的后面”。同時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)第三人稱，因此加“s”。
課后練習(xí)1：課后練習(xí)
1. Shanghai is the of all the cities in China.
A. large B. larger C. largest D. much larger
2. When summer comes, the days get and . (hot)
A. hot, hot B. hotter, hotter C. hottest, hottest
3. Li Wei jumped farthest the three, and I'm sure he can jump farthest the school.
A. of, in B. in, of C. in, in D. of, of
4. How deep is the hole?
It's .
A. four metre deep B. four metres deep
C. four-metre deep D. four-metres-deep
5. Li Ming was too tired. So he rest.
A. stops to have a B. stopped to have a
C. stopped have a D. stopped have a
6. He wasn't with the knife. He cut himself.
A. careful enough B. enough careful
C. carefully enough D. enough carefully
7. Which sport does he take part in?
Which sport he ?
8. Lin Tao runs faster than the other two boys.
Lin Tao runs the boys.
9. My teacher stopped and had a talk with my father.
My teacher stopped a talk with my father.
10. He was first past the finishing line.
He was the first the finishing line.
課后練習(xí)1：課后練習(xí)答案
1-6：C B A B B A
7. is, in 8. fastest of all, there 9. to have 10. to pass