參考教案 教學參考資料 示例三
教學參考資料 （Reference for teaching）
補充注釋（Additional notes）
1．mid-autumn 一詞中的mid來自middle，表示“中間的、中部的”，可作前綴，再如： midday（正午），midnight（午夜）， mid-September（九月中旬）。Mid-Autumn Day指中秋節，是個節日名，用三個大寫字母。
2．序數詞 ninth的拼寫形式是把nine的字母e去掉后加th。讀音為[nainI]。
序數詞 twelfth的拼寫形式是把 twelve的末尾字母ve改為 f后加th。讀音為[twelfI]。
3．tomorrow night前面不加介詞，同樣地 tomorrow morning， tomorrow after- noon和 tomorrow evening，均不加介詞。還有 today（今天）， tonight（今晚），this morning（今天上午）， this afternoon（今天下午）， this evening（今晚）等也都不加介詞。
4． on that day（那天）用介詞 on。帶有 day的時間短語都用介詞 on（不用in），再如：
in the morning-on Monday-on Monday morning
in the afternoon-on October 1st-on the afternoon of October 1st
in the evening-on Mid-Autumn Day-on the evening of Mid-Autumn Day
5．one除了作數詞1外，還可作代詞，意思是“一個/塊/……”，用來代替前面提過的名詞，避免重復。本單元出現了下列句子：
Would you like one of these mooncakes？你吃一塊月餅嗎？
Have one， please．請吃一塊吧。
Would you like another one？你再來一塊嗎？
This one is nicer than the other one．這一塊比另外一塊好吃。
Now have one of these．現在來一塊這個吧。
But I think the ones with nuts in them are nicer．
不過我認為里面有果仁的更好吃。
從上面的例句看出 one代替單數名詞，ones代替復數名詞。還有一種結構 one of these…中的one說明后面提到的名詞中的一個。
6．How delicious they are！它們多可口啊！
這是一個以how引導的感嘆句。由陳述句變為感嘆句的方法如下：
陳述句 They are delicious．→感嘆句 How delicious they are�。ǜ袊@句詳見教科書附錄中的語法部分第75頁。）
參考教案 Unit 3 Mid----Autumn Day 教學建議 示例三
教學建議（Suggested teaching notes）
一、教學內容分析
（一）單音節和少數雙音節形容詞的比較等級
1．構成：比較級：在形容詞原級后加 -er
最高級：在形容詞原級后加 -est
2．用法：比較級：-er than…
最高級：-est of all/the three/…
（二）關于就餐的日常交際用語
A：Are you hungry?
B：Yes, a little.
A：Would you like one of these…? B： Yes, please.
A：Have one.
B：Thank you very much.
A：Would you like another one?
B：May I? Thanks.
A：Now have one of these.
B：Another one? No, thank you very much.
A：I'm hungry. I'm having another one.
B：I'm not hungry. I'm full.
二、教學方法建議
（一）語法
本單元的重點是形容詞的比較等級。先學單音節和少數雙音節的形容詞的規則變化。可先將學過的可有比較等級的形容詞通過漢譯英復習如下：
big small heavy light long tall short new young old early late easy hard dear cheap fine nice high great clean full empty round friendly sorry hungry
先讓學生把這些形容詞分批寫在黑板上，然后教學它們的比較級和最高級。教師用彩色粉筆在這些形容詞的原級后寫上構成比較級的后綴 -er和最高級的后綴 -est，注意指出拼寫及發音上的特點，例如：
hard-harder-hardest 一般在詞尾加 -er或 -est。
easy-easier-easiest 以輔音字母+y結尾的雙音節詞，先改 y為 i，再加-er或-est。
late-later-latest 以字母e結尾的形容詞，只加 -r或 -st。
big-bigger-biggest 重讀閉音節詞末尾只有一個輔音字母時，應先雙寫該輔音字母，再加-er或-est。
long-longer ['l&Rg+]-longest ['l&Rgist]（輔音字母組合ng讀[Rg]）
dear-dearer['di+r+］-dearest['di+rist]（輔音字母r要讀為[r]）
練習冊第9課練習2和第10課練習1可以作為口筆頭機械性操練。
（二）口頭訓練
對形容詞比較等級的變化形式經過口筆頭操練后，就可進入具體的用法。先交代并練習比較級的用法。利用實物、圖畫等（如書本、鉛筆、尺子、盒子、口袋、箱子、杯子、衣服、食物、貓、鳥……）的大小、長短、輕重、新舊，人的高矮、年老年輕、物價的貴賤以及課文、練習等的難易作如下的練習：
Ann is young. This house is high.
Kate is younger. That house is higher.
This map is big. These pieces of paper are small.
That one is bigger. Those pieces/ones are smaller.
My box is light. Our bags are heavy.
Yours is lighter. Theirs are heavier.
Sue's skirt is new. Mike's trousers are long.
Jo's is newer. Sam's are longer.
The white car is dear. The red shoes are cheap.
The black one is dearer. The brown ones are cheaper.
Exercise 1 is easy. Mr Gao comes to school early.
Exercise 3 is easier. Miss Wu comes earlier.
向學生說明在作比較的第二句中，名詞可用代詞 one（ones）代替或省略。還可用上述練習中沒有出現的形容詞 old, tall, short, hard, late,fine, nice, clean, hungry, friendly等和有關的名詞進行更多的口筆頭練習。
接著就可以練習比較句型：（be） -er than…。例如：
Liu Ying is tall. Zhang Fang is taller. Zhang Fang is taller than Liu Ying.
His room is cleaner than hers.
The second ship is nicer than the first one.
Those nuts are cheaper than these.
然后加上最高級的句型（be） -est of all/the three/…，練習如下：
Xiao Wang is hungry. Lao Hu is hungrier. Zhen Shan is the hungriest of thethree.
This knife is fine. That knife is finer than this one. The third knife is thefinest of the three.
Lesson 21 is hard. Lesson 22 is harder. Lesson 23 is the hardest of all.
The yellow dress is dear. The green one is dearer than the yellow one. The blue one is the dearest of all.
Gan Ning is short. Tang Ping is shorter. Miao Yuan is the shortest in theclass.
比較句型在兩人小組中以口、筆頭練習結合進行。最高級句型可在三人小組中操練，然后讓幾個小組表演。
聽力訓練主要靠課堂師生所進行的各種口語練習，要培養全體學生注意傾聽，逐漸提高發展自己聽英語的能力。專門的聽力練習也要按時進行。本單元的聽力練習在第12課，是一段有關Moon cakes的會話，有助于鞏固形容詞的比較等級。會話的最后一句 I think they're much nicer than the other ones．中的 much nicer是在形容詞的比較級前加 much，意思“……得多”。聽完這段會話后。就做練習冊第12課練習3，根據會話的內容填3個空，說明露西、莉莉和韓梅梅各喜歡吃哪一種月餅。
（三）閱讀訓練
本單元的閱讀材料是第11課的一頁信，是露西寫給美國朋友的信中的第二頁，全長104個詞，可先給學生提出一個問題 Which kind of mooncake does Lucy like？再給他們2分鐘時間默讀這頁信，找出問題的答案來。讀完第一遍并能正確回答所提問題后，讓學生看第二遍，并做練習冊第11課練習1。結合課文內容，完成7個是非題。其中第5和7題是錯的。
接著播放錄音，讓全班學生邊聽邊跟讀課文兩至三遍。然后讓幾行學生到個別學生朗讀課文。第10課第1部分的對話也可作閱讀訓練的材料，做法同上。先提問，再讓學生帶著問題默讀這段對話，找出問題的答案。在讀的過程中，讓學生猜測 round和 Have one．的意思。接著聽錄音、跟讀對話。最后全班兩人小組朗讀對話，直到抽幾組進行表演。
《閱讀訓練》第三單元（第9-12頁）包括一篇敘述文 K Day 和短詩 The Moon。短文描寫美國的兒童節日風箏節，共152個詞。可讓學生默讀35分鐘，然后用2分鐘做第12頁上的補全句子的練習，先筆頭后口頭。最后教學共40個詞的有關月亮（The Moon）的短詩。先默讀，弄懂意思，再朗讀，背誦。布置在下一節課內表演短詩背誦。詩中出現動詞的過去時態 was和looked，簡單說明一下即可。生詞bright和bow可讓學生連系上下文和插圖猜測詞義。
（四）筆頭練習
本單元的重點是形容詞的比較等級，有形態變化，除了聽說訓練外，還應有筆頭訓練予以鞏固�？稍诿抗澱n的復習步驟中進行聽寫練習。教師口念5-8個形容詞，讓學生聽寫后，再寫上它們的比較級和最高級以及中文意思。
練習冊內的有關練習可作筆頭練習如下：
課次 練習 課堂作業 家庭作業
9 3 2人小組：先筆頭填空， 抄寫1個后，
再口頭對話。 自編2-3個。
10 2 2人小組：先口頭操練， 自編一段。
再寫下一段對話。
11 2 3人小組：先筆頭填空， 抄寫2和4，
再口頭練習。 再自編3句。
12 4 3人小組：先口頭操練， 自編2個。
再寫下一個。
本單元結束時，給學生一次筆頭測驗，題目見英文的分課教學步驟第12課第6步�？蓞⒖荚擃}型，加編如下：
the first bag the second bag the third bag
big 3 1 2
heavy 1 2 3
clean 2 3 1
（五）語音教學
本單元學習和接觸帶[)]音的單詞較多，如 nut, hungry, must, come, young, one(s), much, other, another, some, son等。那么就以這個中、短元音[)] 為語音教學重點。結合第12課第1部分，歸納讀[)]音的元音字母和字母組合如下：
字母 u讀[)]: up, us, bus, cup, jump, lunch, much, mum, must, nut, run, sun, uncle, under, hundred, hungry, number, study, Sunday, supper
字母 o 讀[)]: come, some, son, Monday, other, another, mother, brother, love, does, colour, worry（交代字母o在m，n，th，v 前讀[)]。）
字母組合 ou讀[)]: young, touch, country, trouble
再說明中國學生容易混淆[)]和[&]，練習冊第12課練習2的對話，專為區分[)]和[&]而編。在做這個練習前，可以結合學過的帶[)]或[&]的單詞做音素比較練習如下：
告別語要用升調，除 Goodbye， Good night， See you（tomorrow）等外，Good morning 也可用升調，在上午與人告別時用。同樣，用升調說的 Good afternoon 可在下午與人告別時用。用升調說的 Good evening 可在傍晚與人告別時用。
至于定冠詞the的讀音有三個：[Ji:]，[Ji]和[J+]。作為單詞讀第一個音[Ji:]。在短語或句子中在元音開始的詞前讀[Ji]，如：
the apples the American people
the exercises the empty glass
the oranges the old woman
定冠詞the后面的詞以輔音開始，the就讀作[J+]，如：
the train the long train
字母u是個元音字母，如單詞的起始字母是u，讀音是[ju:]，是以輔音[j]開始，它前面的the就不必讀[Ji]而讀[J+]。如：the USA。
（六）詞匯教學
本單元有些生詞如 mooncake， round， nut和letter等可用實物或圖片教學外，有些詞可直接用漢語說明它們的意思，如autumn（秋天），hungry（饑餓的），why（為什么），than（比）， kind（各類）。而有些詞就用簡單的英語交代它們的意思。如：
free：not busy
night：opposite of“day”or time after evening
（說明opposite指相反的詞，今后會常用此詞。）
delicious：nice to eat
full：opposite of“hungry”
September：the ninth month of the year
October：the tenth month of the year
在教學nut時，可利用實物花生米。先拿起一顆，用英語說： This is a kind of nut. We call it‘peanut’．（板書：pea + nut） This is a peanut．然后拿上幾顆花生米，說：These are peanuts．Do you like peanuts？學生回答后，說明nut 指堅果、果仁。
另外，在教學 night 一詞時，可順便系統復習 morning，afternoon，evening等詞，并說明表示“中午”的詞是 noon，即復合詞 afternoon中的第二個成分。“在夜晚”為at night。
參考教案 Unit 3 Mid----Autumn Day 教學步驟 Lesson 9 示例三
教學步驟（Teaching steps）
Lesson 9
Step 1 Revision
Write on the board： Lesson Nine, the ninth lesson. Point out briefly that the e in nine is omitted in ninth. Revise the days of week. Ask individual Ss What do you usually do on Monday evening? etc. Get Ss to ask and answer in pairs.
Step 2 Presentation
Write the days of the week on the Bb, starting with today. Tell the Ss This is Jim's week. For three days, write an activity; leave the other days blank, like this:
(e.g. Today is Wednesday，September-)
Today(September-): homework
Tomorrow(September-):
Friday (September-): football
Saturday (September-):
Sunday (September-): shopping, etc.
Go through the activities and say This evening, Jim is doing his homework. On Friday evening, he is playing football, etc.
Teach free. Say Tomorrow evening, Jim is free.
Ask Is Jim free this evening/on Sunday evening/on Friday evening? Help the Ss to answer.
Get the Ss to ask and answer in pairs, e. g. Are you free tomorrow/on Saturday? Yes, I am./No，I'm not.
Step 3 Read and act
SB page 9, Part 1.Speech Cassette Lesson 9. Books closed! Ask What day is it tomorrow? Play the tape and get the Ss to tell you the answer in Chinese or, if they can, in English. Teach Mid-Autumn Day.
Explain Mid-(=Middle), Autumn and Day(=Festival). Give more examples(e. g. Teachers' Day, Women's Day, Children's Day, National Day，Christmas Day). Explain the meaning of parent(=father or mother) and the difference between evening (between the end of the day's work and bedtime)and night(the darkest part of the day).
Play the tape again. Ss listen and repeat. Then books open! Practise the dialogue with the Ss. See if they can guess the meaning of mooncakes and other new words.
Do Wb Lesson 9, Ex. 1. Divide the class into two groups to practise the dialogue, then get the Ss to work in pairs. Ask a pair to act it out.
Step 4 Presentation
Collect pairs of items on your desk, by asking Excuse me！May I borrow your…? Talk about each object in the usual way, asking about its size, colour, weight, etc.
Compare two items, using a comparative： This book is heavy/big, but that book is heavier/bigger. Get the Ss to listen and repeat. Compare the other items, using different adjectives. If you can, bring in some interesting objects from home (apples, hats, shoes, etc) and compare them in the same way.
Write down some comparatives on the Bb. Read them through and pay attention to the ending spelling as well as pronunciation of these words： e. g. bigger, longer, heavier, lighter, smaller, etc.
Step 5 Practice
Hold up two items and get Ss to make sentences with comparatives. Then ask individual Ss to come to the Bb and compare two items.
Ask two tall Ss to stand up. Say(Wang Ping) is tall. (Zhang Hong) is taller.
Get the Ss to make comparisons, using other adjectives. Say Li Lei is thirteen. He is young.
Han Meimei is twelve. She is younger. Ask the Ss How old are you? and make comparisons.
Step 6 Read and practise
SB page 9, Part 2. Speech Cassette Lesson 9. Ss listen and repeat. Point out the-gg-in bigger：explain that the double letter stops the-e-from changing the pronunciation of the vowel in the previous syllable(contrast with am/game; cat/Kate).
Point out the pronunciation of younger ＆ longer, when the/g/ is sounded.
Step 7 Workbook
Wb Lesson 9, Exx.2 and 3. Read through the words in Ex. 2 with the class. Explain that-y changes to-ier/!+/, in words like heavier, easier and earlier. Ss write the answers to Ex. 3. Check the answers orally. The answers are: bigger, newer, heavier, earlier, lighter.
Homework
Wb Lesson 9, Ex. 1. Copy the questions and answer them in the exercise books. Learn the words in Ex. 2.
參考教案 Unit 3 Mid----Autumn Day 教學步驟 Lesson 10 示例三
Lesson 10
Step 1 Revision
Write up on the board： Lesson Ten, the____ lesson. Get a student to write in the missing word. Check the homework.
Revise the comparative forms in Lesson 9. Get the Ss to compare objects using the comparative forms of adjectives they know.
Step 2 Presentation
Review the story in Lesson 9. Ask Where are the twins going? What food is there to eat? What day is it?
Show the Ss some pictures of food(or bring the real thing if possible). Ask What's this in English?
Teach hungry with a gesture. Ask Ss Are you hungry? Help them to answer Yes, a little/very! Then ask What would you like to eat? Get them to say I'd like a/some/one o those…．
You may bring peanuts or walnuts into class to teach the word nut.
Step 3 Reading
SB page 10, Part 1. Ask What does Lucy have to eat? Lei the Ss read the dialogue silently to find the answer. Let them guess the meaning of round and Have one! (=Eat a mooncake!)
Speech Cassette Lesson 10. Play the tape for the Ss to listen and repeat, then practise the dialogue in pairs.
Get some pairs to act it out, with appropriate gestures and actions.
Step 4 Presentation
Ask three Ss to come to the front： they should all be quite tall. Say A is tall. B is taller than A. C is the tallest of all. Say it again; the Ss listen and repeat. Point out the use of the and of all in the tallest of them all. Ask three other Ss (D, E and F) to come to the front and teach short/shorter than/the shortest of all in the same way.
Use objects to give other examples for comparison.
Step 5 Drill
Get the six “tall”and“short”Ss to stand at the front of the class. Call out their names as a drilling cue:
T：B
Ss：B is taller than A.
T：C
Ss：C is the tallest of all.
T：D
Ss：D is short. etc.
Step 6 Read and learn
SB page 10, Part 2. Speech Cassette Lesson 10.Play the tape. Ss listen and repeat. Allow the Ss a minute or two to learn the sentences, then say Books closed! Tell me about Jim's box/cake, etc. Ss must say Jim's box/cake is the heaviest/biggest of all.
Step 7 Read and act
SB page 10, Part 3. Speech Cassette Lesson 10.
Books closed! Ask Which mooncake is the nicest of all? The Ss listen to the tape to find the answer. Books open! Read. through the dialogue with the Ss. See if they can guess the meaning of delicious. Explain that people say Mmm! when they see or hear about delicious food. Let them practise in pairs. Then ask Whick mooncakes do you like? Help them answer I like mooncakes with nuts/an egg.
Step 8 Workbook
Wb Lesson 10, Exx.1, 2 and 3. Do these exercises orally in class. Get Ss to act out their dialogues in Ex. 2.
Ex. 3 is optional. If time permits, get the Ss to read the dialogue in pairs and act it out.
Homework
Do Wb Lesson 10, Exx. 1 and 2. Learn the words in Ex. 1 and write out a dialogue for Ex. 2.
參考教案 Unit 3 Mid----Autumn Day 教學步驟 Lesson 11 示例三
Lesson 11
Step 1 Revision
Teach eleventh as in previous lessons. Revise the comparative and superlative forms that Ss learnt for homework. Use pictures or people to make comparisons.
Revise the dialogues in Lesson 10.
Step 2 Presentation
Revise Are you hungry? Would you like…? using pictures of food. Teach I'm full with a gesture. Tell the Ss that it is polite to say No, thank you when refusing an offer. Practise：
T：Would you like a mooncake?
Ss：No, thank you. I'm full.
Offer other food in the same way.
Step 3 Read and act
SB page 11, Part 1. Speech Cassette Lesson 11.
Books closed! Play the tape. Ss listen and repeat.
Then books open! Play the tape again. Get the Ss to practise the dialogue in pairs, using different kinds of food. Ask some pairs to act out the dialogue.
Step 4 Reading
SB page 11, Part 2. Explain that this passage comes from Lucy's letter. It is on the second page of her letter. Ask Which kind of mooncake does Lucy like? Let the Ss read the passage silently to find the answer.
Wb Lesson 11, Ex.1. Do the first question orally, then let the Ss work alone. They then check their answers with a partner. Finally, go through the answers with the whole class.
Sentences 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 are right and the others are wrong. Point out the plural form the ones(= the mooncakes) .
Speech Cassette Lesson 11. Play the tape and get Ss to practise reading aloud. Get the Ss to guess the meaning of words and phrases such as at night, stay in the open air, How delicious they are! etc.
Step 5 Practice
Books closed! Ask the Ss a number of questions to see much they can remember the text:
e. g. What do people eat on Mid-Autumn Day? What are the different kinds of mooncakes? Which mooncakes does Li Lei like? etc.
Step 6 Workbook
Wb Lesson 11, Ex. 2 in writing. Check the answers.
The answers are： 1 longer, the longest; 2 higher, the highest; 3 fuller, the fullest; 4 newer, the newest; 5 heavier, the heaviest.
Ex. 3 is done orally in class if there is time. You may first put some adjectives on the Bb and ask for the comparative and superlative forms.
Then do Ex. 3. Get one student from each group to make up a true sentence. If the sentence is correct, the group wins a point. See which group can give the most correct sentences.
Homework
Finish o the Workbook exercises.
Revise the comparative and superlative forms of adjectives covered in this unit.
參考教案 Unit 3 Mid----Autumn Day 教學步驟 Lesson 12 示例三
Lesson 12
Step 1 Revision
Teach twelfth as in previous lessons. Show how twelve changes to twelfth. From now on, get the students to tell you the date. The student on duty each day should say the day and the date at the start of each lesson. E. g. Today is Monday, September 25th 199____. In some cases teachers may like to write it at the top of the board first. The student on duty should do this if he/she can．
Revise the passage in Lesson 11. Ask What is a mooncake? When do people eat them? What do people do in the evening on Mid-Autumn Day? etc.
Revise Are you hungry? -No, thank you. I'm full. Ask about different kinds of food.
Step 2 Word families
SB page 12, Part 1. Speech Cassette Lesson 12. Get the Ss to listen and repeat. Practise the individual sounds, then the words, by showing the Ss flashcards randomly and asking them to pronounce the words written on them. Do Wb Lesson 12, Ex. 1. The answers are： hard, man, long, ruler.
Step 3 Stress and intonation
SB page 12, Part 2. Speech Cassette Lesson 12.
Tell the Ss that the may be pronounced in two different ways：/J+/before/ a/ consonant and/Ji/before a vowel. Play the tape. Ss listen and repeat. Get the Ss to use gestures to show the stress and intonation.
Step 4 Listening
Wb page 12, Ex. 3. Listening Cassette Lesson 12, Part 3. Ask What kind of mooncake do Lily, Lucy and Han Meimei like?
Listening text:
LUCY：Mmm! These are delicious cakes!
HAN MEIMEI：Would you like another one?
LUCY：Yes, please!
HAN MEIMEI：What about you, Lily?
LILY：Yes, please! Thank you verymuch!
HAN MEIMEI：Lily, which kind of mooncake do you think is the nicest?
LILY：Well, I think I like the cakes with eggs. What about you, Han Meimei?
HAN MEIMEI：I like the ones with meat in them.
LUCY：Really? I don't like them very much. My favourite mooncakes are the ones with nuts! I think they're much nicer than the other ones!
The answers are：eggs, nuts, meat
Step 5 Checkpoint 3
Go through the comparative and superlative forms of adjectives in Checkpoint 3.(See Grammar on page 132 of the Students' Book.) Practise the pronunciation the “useful expressions”.
Explain any difficulties that the Ss raise.
Step 6 Test
Write this table on the Bb and get the Ss to write six sentences using the information. 2 stands for the comparative degree and 1 stands for the superlative degree.
Give the Ss an example: Han Meimei is hungrierthan Jim.
Step 7 Workbook
Wb Lesson 12, Exx. 2 and 4. These exercises may be done orally. For Ex. 2, play Speech Cassette Lesson 12 and get Ss to listen, and then listen and repeat. Ask Ss to read the dialogue in pairs, paying special attention to/&/and/)/.
Ex．4 may be done in pairs. Check the answers with the whole class.
Homework
Finish off the Workbook exercises.
Revise the language items in Unit 3.