<<陳老師課堂>>重點難點點撥 高中英語語法
反意疑問句用法種種
1. 當(dāng)陳述句的主語為anybody, anyone, everybody, everyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one, these, those時，反意疑問句的主語用they。E.g. everybody knows what I said, don’t they? Nobody says a word about the incident, don’t they? Somebody borrowed your bike yesterday, didn’t they? Anybody can do it, can’t they?
2. 當(dāng)陳述句的主語為this, that, everything, anything, nothing, something等時，反意疑問句的主語用it。E.g. Everything is all right, isn’t it? Nothing can stop us going forward, can it?
3. 當(dāng)陳述句的主語為one時, 反意疑問句的主語在正式情況下用one；在非正式情況下用you。E.g. One should learn from others, shouldn’t one / you? One can’t be one’s own master, can one? One can not be too careful, can one?
4. 當(dāng)陳述句的謂語部分含有had better, would rather, would like, ought to時, 反意疑問句的謂語應(yīng)用相應(yīng)的助動詞。E.g. You’d better go now, hadn’t you? You’d rather go there early, wouldn’t you? He’d like to go there, wouldn’t he? She ought to go there by train, shouldn’t / oughtn’t she? Such things ought not to be allowed, ought they? He ought to be punished, oughtn’t he?
5. 當(dāng)陳述句的謂語是wish時, 反意疑問句的謂語用may, 而且前后兩個部分都用肯定式。E.g. I wish to go home now, may I? I wish to have another piece of cake, may I?
6. 當(dāng)陳述句的謂語部分含有have to, had to時, 反意疑問句的謂語部分用do的適當(dāng)形式。E.g. We have to get there at 8 o’clock tomorrow, don’t we? They had to take the early train to go there, didn’t they?
7. 當(dāng)陳述句的謂語部分含有used to時, 反意疑問句的謂語部分有兩種表達(dá)方式didn’t / usedn’t。E.g. He used to get up early, didn’t / usedn’t he?
8. 當(dāng)陳述句的主語是第一人稱，謂語動詞是 think, believe, suppose, fancy, imagine, expect，后接賓語從句時, 反意疑問句應(yīng)對賓語從句進行提問。E.g. I don’t think he can finish the work, can he? I don’t expect that she would come, would she? I imagine that the students like her, don’t they? I don’t believe she knows it, does she?
9. 當(dāng)陳述句的主語是第二，第三人稱，謂語動詞是 think, believe, suppose, fancy, imagine, expect后接賓語從句時, 反意疑問句應(yīng)對主句進行提問。E.g. Mary thinks you will come to the meeting, doesn’t she? You don’t think English is important, do you? You think she is a good teacher, don’t you? Your brother thinks that you can do the job well, doesn’t he?
10. 如果陳述句中出現(xiàn)了表示否定意義的詞few, little, never, hardly, seldom, nobody, rarely, scarcely時, 反意疑問句的謂語用肯定式。 E.g. He has few good reasons for staying, has he? She hardly writes to you, does she? He seldom goes to the cinema, does he? There is little water in the bottle, is there?
11. 祈使句的各種反意疑問句： 1). Let’s …, shall we? E.g. Let’s go to the film, shall we? 2). Let us … , will you? E.g. Let us go to the park, will you? 3). Let me … , may I / will you
/ OK / all right? E.g. Let me go there alone, may I? / will you? If you want help-money or
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anything, let me know, will you? 4). 在否定的祈使句的后面，只能用will you? E.g. Don’t tell anyone, will you? 5). 表示 “請求” 意思的祈使句，反意疑問句用will you? E.g. Pass me the dictionary, will you? Stop that noise, will you? 5). 表示 “邀請”, “勸誘” 意思的祈使句，反意疑問句用won’t you? E.g. Join us in the singing, won’t you?
12. 陳述句中謂語動詞是must + have + 動詞的過去分詞時，如果強調(diào)對過去情況的推測, 依據(jù)是(句中有過去的時間狀語)，反意疑問句根據(jù)動詞用didn’t / wasn’t / weren’t +主語。E.g. You must have read the story last term, didn’t you? He must have met her yesterday, didn’t he?
13. 陳述句中謂語動詞是must + have + 動詞的過去分詞時，如果只強調(diào)動作的完成，反意疑問句用haven’t / hasn’t +主語。E.g. She must have arrived there, hasn’t she? You must have seen the film, haven’t you?
14. 陳述句中謂語動詞是must + 動詞原形的情況： You must see the doctor, needn’t you? You mustn’t do that again, must you? The food must be nice, isn’t it?
15. 當(dāng)陳述句的主語為each時, 反意疑問句的主語用he。 E.g. Each has his strong points, hasn’t he? / doesn’t he?
16. 當(dāng)陳述句的主語為each of us, each of you, each of them時, 反意疑問句的主語用we, you, they。E.g. Each of us has been here, haven’t we? Each of them has an English dictionary, haven’t they?
17. 并列句的反意疑問句謂語的時態(tài)，要求和后一個句子的時態(tài)保持一致. E.g. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet, isn’t it? Tom has been writing letters all afternoon, but she hasn’t finish now, hasn’t she? We must start at once or we can’t get there on time, can we? He is a teacher but his wife isn’t a teacher, is she?
18. 帶有定語從句，同位語從句，狀語從句，賓語從句的復(fù)合句，反意疑問句與主句在時態(tài)上保持一致。E.g. She is not so stupid as she looks, is she? Lucy dreamed that she was in the moon, didn’t she?
19. 陳述句主語為such時，反意疑問句的主語單數(shù)用it，復(fù)數(shù)用they。 E.g. Such is his trick, isn’t it? Such are your excuses, aren’t they?
20. 當(dāng)陳述句的主語為each of … 結(jié)構(gòu)時，反意疑問句的主語用he ,she, it 強調(diào)個體, 用we, you, they 強調(diào)全體。 E.g. Each of these novels is to be discussed this term, isn’t it? Each of us have got the prize, haven’t we?
21. 當(dāng)陳述句是I am … 結(jié)構(gòu)時，反意疑問句用aren’t I。E.g. I am right, aren’t I? I am late, aren’t I?
22. 如果陳述句中的否定式僅僅是帶有否定的詞綴，反意疑問句仍用否定。E.g. He is unfit for
his job, isn’t he? That’s unfair, isn’t it?
23. 當(dāng)陳述句部分是there used to be … 結(jié)構(gòu)時, 反意疑問句用 wasn’t (weren’t) there。E.g. There used to be three pine trees in the yard, weren’t there? There used to be shop at the corner of the street, wasn’t there?
24. 陳述句中謂語動詞是may / might 時，反意疑問句用mayn’t / mightn’t構(gòu)成。E.g. I may come and borrow your bike tomorrow, mayn’t I? The experience may have been long in your memory, mayn’t it?
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