1. in the U/universe →an university；Beijing University(專有名詞前無冠詞the)；go to university；university/college/academy/institute →universal adj.普遍的/一般的/共同的/公認(rèn)的/全世界的/萬能的/通用的：universal truth/rule/weakness：universal language/peace
2. splendid adj.①極好的≈wonderful/great/fantastic/terrific/superb ②壯麗的/光輝的/輝煌的≈glorious
3. star n.①恒星：planet行星；satellite衛(wèi)星 ②明星/星形物：superstar →v.(-red/-ring) ③vi.主演：sb star in sth ④vt.由…主演/使…成為明星：sth star sb；a movie starrring sb≈feature
4. music→musical→musician；cast (cast/cast) vt.：cast sb (as角色/in sth) →sb be cast as/in…
5. cold-hearted≈cruel冷酷的/無情的；warm/kind-hearted熱心的/善心的→cold-blooded冷血的；handsome/troublesome/tiresome (注意some的發(fā)音)
6. empire帝國；emperor/empress →kingdom王國；king/queen/prince/princess
7. marry sb≈get married to sb≠be married to sb(可延續(xù))；marry sb to sb →marriage n./u/c/
8. in/outdoor adj.：an outdoor sport→in/outdoors adv.；fall/be in love with sb at first sight
9. solo ①n./c/獨(dú)奏/唱/舞/演→duet/chorus ②adj.單獨(dú)的/獨(dú)自的/獨(dú)(奏/唱/舞/演)的 ③vi.獨(dú)奏/唱/舞/演 ④adv.：dance/play/sing/perform solo
10. slave n/c/奴隸；salvery n./u/奴隸制度/身份：abolish slavery廢除奴隸制度：slaver n.奴隸船/販子；angel天使≠angle角→uni-單/一：uniform/unique；bi-二/雙：bicycle；tri-三：triangle
11. feature n.①特征/特色≈characteristic ②features 面貌/容貌≈appearance/looks ③特寫/專門報(bào)道→v.④vi.起作用：feature in sth ⑤vt.以…為特色 ⑥由…主演：a film featuring sb≈star
12. in condition健康；out of condition健康不佳；in…conditions/situations在…狀況/情況/形勢(shì)下；on condition that-clause=if-clause假如；on no condition絕不 →(un)condition(al)：unconditional love/surrender投降
13. be drunk with≈be lost in/be addicted to→drink/drank/drunk →drunken man/driving（drunk不置于名詞前）
14. dare v./-s/-d/daring/ ①敢于：dare sb/sth敢于面對(duì)；dare to do sth；dare sb to do sth挑戰(zhàn)/激將→v.aux. /dared，daren’t/ ②敢：dare do sth用于否定句/疑問句→I dare say=I daresay +省略that的賓語從句：我猜想/我以為…→dare做行為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其否定為：don’t/didn’t/doesn’t dare (to) do sth (難點(diǎn)：此時(shí)to經(jīng)常省略)
15. have/exercise control over sb/sth：beyond/under/out of + control；in/take/lose control of；in the control of；control oneself；control one’s anger/weight
16. disturbing≈annoying/troubling/troublesome/worrying；give/make a promise→carry out / keep one’s promise/word→break one’s promise/word
17. recite vt.①背誦/朗誦/吟誦 ②敘述/描述≈describe ③列舉/一一說出≈list
18. threat ①n.威脅/恫嚇：under threat of punishment ②威脅者/危險(xiǎn)的人物：a threat/danger to sb/sth →threaten v.威脅/恐嚇/恫嚇：threaten sth；threaten to do sth；threaten sb with sth
19. terrify sb (to death) → terrified/terrifying/terrible≈scare/frighten/horrify vt.
20. guard n.①/c/守衛(wèi)/警衛(wèi)/崗哨(人)/防護(hù)物 ②/u/看守/警戒：keep/stand guard；on/off one’s gurad →v.③守望/監(jiān)視/看守 ④守護(hù)/保護(hù)：guard A from/against B≈protect/ensure/defend/shelter A from/against B
21. kiss ①vt/vi.：kiss one’s cheek=kiss sb on the cheek；kiss sb goodbye/good night；kiss…away 吻去 ②n./c/：give sb a kiss；throw/blow a kiss to/at sb飛吻
22. affection n./u&c/感情/愛情：have an affection for/toward sb/sth；have/win/gain one’s affection
23. ①aloud adv.強(qiáng)調(diào)大聲以能聽見；無比較級(jí)；前只加少數(shù)動(dòng)詞如speak/say/sing/talk等 ②loud adj./adv.：louder/loudest；in a loud voice③loudly adv.：more/most loudly；可修飾各種動(dòng)詞
24. stage ①n.舞臺(tái)：on (the) stage在舞臺(tái)上/當(dāng)演員 ②n.階段/時(shí)期：at/in…stage ③vt.上演≈perform：stage/perform sth →stage setting舞臺(tái)布置/stage direction舞臺(tái)說明
25. direct ①adj.直接的/筆直的：direct speech/flight/current/object ②adv.直接地≈directly adv.直接地/立刻馬上/conj.一...就…≈immediately/as soon as ③vt.指導(dǎo)/指揮/監(jiān)督/管理/導(dǎo)演 ④vt.命令/指示：direct sb to do sth；direct that-clause(虛擬語氣) ⑤vt.指引/指點(diǎn) →director n.董事/理事/管理者；導(dǎo)演/指揮(者) →direction n.①方向/方位：in/from…direction ②/u/指導(dǎo)/指揮/監(jiān)督/管理：under one’s direction/guidance ③directions指示/吩咐/命令：+ for sth
26. orchestra管弦樂隊(duì)→a symphony orchestra交響樂團(tuán)；
27. conduct ①n./u/品行/操行；指導(dǎo)/引導(dǎo)；管理/經(jīng)營→vt.②指導(dǎo)/引導(dǎo)；指揮(樂隊(duì)) ③經(jīng)營/管理≈direct ④vt.傳導(dǎo)(光熱電等) →conductor n.①領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者/引導(dǎo)者；管理經(jīng)營者 ②樂隊(duì)指揮 ③售票員/列車員 ④導(dǎo)體
28. location n.位置/場(chǎng)所≈place/spot/post/position→locate vt.①定位/使位于②找出位置：locate A +介賓 →be located +介賓；Located in the middle of the schoolyard, the garden looks beautiful.
29. break one’s heart →heartbreaking adj.令人心碎的；compose ①v.作曲/繪畫/寫作 ②組成/構(gòu)成→composer n.作曲家→be compsed/constitued/made up + of≈consist of→component n./c/
30. breath n.：out of breath；take a deep breath；hold one’s breath →breathe sth in→breathless adj.
31. authentic adj.可信的/可靠的/真實(shí)的/確實(shí)的≈actual；speak fluent+語言=speak 語言 fluently→be fluent in+語言
32. condemn vt.①責(zé)難/譴責(zé)：condemn/blame sb for sth ②判決/判刑：condemn sb for sth；condemn sb to death；condemn sb to do sth (to spend the rest of one’s life in prison)；be condemned/sentenced to death ③使被逼/使注定：be condemned to sth / to do sth
33. privilege n./u&c/ 特權(quán)/特別待遇；abuse privilege；obtain/have/enjoy (a/the) privilege(s) of doing sth；award/give a privilege to sb
34. desire ①vt.希望/渴望/要求：desire sth；desire to do sth；desire sb to do sth；desire that-clause(虛擬語氣) →②n./c&u/愿望/欲望；要求/請(qǐng)求：have a desire+for sth / to do sth / that-clause(虛擬語氣)：express/voice a desire表達(dá)；satisfy a/one’s desire
35. hire n./v.①雇用≈employ；hire sb for/as；fire/dismiss sb for (doing) sth解雇/開除②租借≈rent
36. perform ①vt/vi.上演/扮演/演奏 ②vt.做/實(shí)行/完成/履行≈carry out ③vi.運(yùn)作/運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)≈funtion/work →performance/performer n.
37. employ sb as …→employ oneself in…=be employed in..從事/在做/忙于；employee/employer n. →employment n.雇傭/就業(yè)；employment agency職介所；out of employment/work失業(yè)→unemployment n./u/失業(yè)：be thrown into unemployment；There is little unemployment at present.
38. person/personal→personally adv.親自/就個(gè)人而言→personality n.人格品格/個(gè)性性格/名人→personnel n.①(總稱,視為復(fù)數(shù))職員/員工：All personnel were present at the meeting. ②人事部門：the personnel department →the human resources department人力資源部
39. apply to…for…向…申請(qǐng)…→apply (A) to B應(yīng)用運(yùn)用/貼抹/適用→apply oneself to...專心于→appliance n.器具/裝置：household appliances家電；electrical appliance電器→applicant n.申請(qǐng)者/應(yīng)征者→application form申請(qǐng)表→applied maths/chemistry應(yīng)用數(shù)學(xué)/化學(xué)
40. chorus n.①合唱團(tuán)/隊(duì) ②合唱曲 ③齊聲/異口同聲→a chorus of…；in chorus齊聲地/合唱地
41. tune n.曲調(diào)/調(diào)子→in tune 音調(diào)準(zhǔn)確/協(xié)調(diào)和諧→(反義)out of tune→to the tune (of…)和著…的調(diào)子→sing/dance to the music和著音樂唱歌/跳舞
42. have a sore throat喉嚨發(fā)炎疼痛；status n.①地位/身份：official status②狀態(tài)/情形≈situation→status symbol地位/身份的象征物；motherland/homeland→mother country/tongue
43. tremble ①n/vi.震顫/發(fā)抖：tremble with anger/fear；tremble at the news；a tremble in one’s voice ②vi.焦慮/擔(dān)心：tremble for…；tremble to do sth →trembling adj.震動(dòng)的/搖動(dòng)的
44. tutor ①n.家庭教師/導(dǎo)師 ②v.做家教指導(dǎo)：tutor (sb) in English→tuition n./u/學(xué)費(fèi)/授課
45. symphony n./c/①交響曲/樂 ②交響樂團(tuán)=symphony orchestra ③交響音樂會(huì)→symphonic adj.
46. bachelor n.①單身漢：He’s a bachelor.→He is single/married. ②學(xué)士：master/doctor
47. kindergarten n.幼兒園：in kindergarten；go to kindergarten→primary school→(junior/senior) middle/high school→college/university/academy/institute
48. folk ①n./c/ 人們/親人 ②adj.民間的/通俗的：folk music/song/dance/singer→ballad n.民謠
49. ballet n./u&c/芭蕾舞/芭蕾舞劇/芭蕾舞曲→classical ballet；ballet dancer
50. fame n./u/名聲/名氣/名望≈distinction/reputation/note→be eager for fame；win/earn/achieve fame=come to fame成名→famous/famed：be famed/famous for/as/to…
51. go/be on或take或have + a transatlantic voyage (to sw)；the Pacific/Atlantic/Indian/Arctic Ocean太平洋/大西洋/印度洋/北冰洋；voyage n./c/(專指越海/越空)旅行→tour/trip/journey/travel
52. make friends with sb=develop a friendship with sb→shake hands with sb
53. pop chart；jazz/pop/classical/blues/R&B/folk (music)；swing (music)；rock and roll (music)
54. evolve vi.演變/發(fā)展/進(jìn)化≈develop/advance→evolution n.演變/進(jìn)化≠revolution革命→the theory of revolution/relativity 進(jìn)化論/相對(duì)論
55. anchor ①n.錨 ②vt/vi.(使)停泊：The ship anchored/was anchored in the bay. ③(使)固定/穩(wěn)定→be anchored in… 停泊在/固定于/扎根于…
56. play the trumpet；essential adj.①必不可少的/絕對(duì)必要的/極為重要的≈necessary/important：be essential to/for…；it’s essential that-clause；it’s essential for sb to do sth ②本質(zhì)的/實(shí)質(zhì)的→essential difference本質(zhì)的區(qū)別；essential element要素；essential English基礎(chǔ)英語
57. swing ①n./u&c/搖擺/振動(dòng)；②搖擺樂=swing music→vt/vi.(swung/swung)③(使)搖擺/搖晃 ④揮舞/揮動(dòng)；blues n.布魯斯音樂(單復(fù)數(shù)同形)
58. decline ①vt/vi.婉拒/謝絕=refuse：decline (sth)；decline to do sth ②vi.傾斜/下沉 ③vi.衰弱/衰敗/減弱；下跌/下降：His health/influence began to decline recently. →④n.衰弱/減退；退步/減少：There has been a gradual decline in this country’s population/economy.→on the decline在衰退中/走下坡路；go into a decline (身體等)開始衰弱/衰竭→(反)prosper vi.繁榮/興盛
59. rhythmn n.韻律/節(jié)奏/節(jié)拍：rhythmn and blues (R&B) (music) →rhyme n.韻/押韻/韻文
60. play the piano/violin/guitar/saxophone/bass→pianist/vionlinist/guitarist/saxophonist/bassist低音樂器演奏者/低音歌手；trend n.傾向/趨勢(shì)/潮流≈tendency(tend v.)
61. mix ①vt/vi.混合/摻混/混淆：mix (A) (up) with B ②vt.使結(jié)合/調(diào)和 ③vi.交往/往來：mix with sb→mixed adj.：mixed doubles混合雙打→mixture n.①/u/混合/調(diào)和 ②/c/混合物
62. discriminate ①vt/vi.區(qū)別/辨別/分別：discriminate A from B；discriminate between A and B ②vi.歧視/差別對(duì)待/分別對(duì)待：discrimiate between A and B；discriminate against…歧視…≈have a prejudice against…≈be prejudiced against…；discriminate in favor of…偏袒…→racial/sex discriminaton/prejudice 種族/性別歧視/偏見
63. promote vt.①使晉升 ②促進(jìn)/增進(jìn)/助長(zhǎng) ③促銷→promotion/promoter n.
64. fortune n.①/u/運(yùn)氣/幸運(yùn)/命運(yùn)：by good/bad fortune幸好/不幸；have fortune to do sth；seek /try one’s fortune找出路/碰運(yùn)氣 ②n./c/u/財(cái)富/巨款：make a fortune →(un)fortunate/ (un)fortunately：be (un)fortunate in (doing) sth；be (un)fortuante to do sth；It’s (un)fortuante that-clause →luck/ (un)lucky/ (un)luckily →misfortune ①惡運(yùn)/不幸：by misfortune；bear/endure misfortune忍受不幸；suffer misfortune遭受不幸；have the misfortune to do sth ②/c/不幸的事/災(zāi)難：Misfortunes never come singly. 禍不單行
65. pray ①vt/vi.祈禱/禱告：pray sth；pray to do sth；pray to God for sth ②vt.懇求/請(qǐng)求≈ask/beg：pray sb to do sth →prayer n.①祈禱/禱文；祈愿/愿望 ②祈禱者/懇求者
66. cut…short ①縮短/截短 ②提前結(jié)束/停止/中斷 ③打斷/制止；cut…up ①切碎/剁碎 ②使人身心受傷；cut…away ①切下/砍掉 ②逃走；cut…back=cut back on… 縮減(生產(chǎn))/削減(開支)；cut down ①vt.砍到/砍伐 ②vt/vi.減少(量)/縮減：cut…down=cut down on… ③vt.使減價(jià)/使降價(jià)；cut in (on sb/sth) vi.插嘴/插入/插隊(duì)；cut…off ①切斷/砍掉：cut A off (from) B ②切斷/停止(水/電/汽/熱等的)供應(yīng) ③切斷電話/通話 ④使孤立/與外界隔絕；cut…out ①切下/剪下：cut A out from B ②刪除≈leave out ③停止
67. draft ①n.底稿/草稿/匯票 ②n.征兵/征集→③vt.草擬/起草 ④vt.選拔/征召→be drafted into…
68. regain one’s charm→charm n.≈appeal→appeal ①vi.要求/懇求：appeal to sb for sth；appeal to sb to do sth ②vi.有吸引力/感染力：appeal to sb ③(法律)上訴：appeal to A (against B) ④訴諸(武力/輿論/裁判/法律等)：appeal to A →n.④懇求/請(qǐng)求：+ to sb for sth ⑤吸引力/魅力 ⑥呼吁/訴求 ⑦上訴/抗議→appealing≈charming/attractive/inviting adj.有魅力的/有吸引力的
69. break(…)up ①vt/vi.擊碎/粉碎；拆散/分開 ②vt/vi.(使)(關(guān)系/談判等)破裂/分手；結(jié)束/中止 ③vt/vi.驅(qū)散/解散 ④vt/vi.(使)精神上頹喪/垮下去 →break down ①vt.搗毀/毀壞 ②vt/vi.鎮(zhèn)壓/潰敗；打垮/垮掉 ③vi.(機(jī)械等)出故障/壞掉 ④vi.(身體/精神)出毛病/垮掉 ⑤vt/vi.溶解/分解
70. phenomenon n./c/①現(xiàn)象：a natural/social phenomenon ②神奇的人/事≈wonder：He was called a phenomenon as a child. 神童 →phenomena (pl.)復(fù)數(shù)
71. physical→emotional→mental adj.精神的/心理的；智力的/智能的→mental disorder精神錯(cuò)亂；mental disease/illness精神病；mental hospitalpatient精神病院/患者；mental test智力測(cè)驗(yàn)
72. haircut n./c/①理發(fā)：have/get a haircut去理發(fā) ②發(fā)型/發(fā)式；catalogue n.目錄/唱片目錄/產(chǎn)品目錄≠category n.種類/范疇
73. copy①n.謄本/冊(cè)：a copy of…②vt.復(fù)寫/復(fù)制→copyright n.版權(quán)/著作權(quán)：the copyright(s) to sth