核心詞匯
1．We may talk of beautiful things，but beauty itself is ____________(抽象的)．
2．He made an ____________(試圖)to escape before he could be punished.
3．The police are ____________(呼吁)to the public for information about the accident.
4. The company is excellent，and its customers have ____________(信任)in the quality of its products.
5．You made the wrong decision，and must face the ____________(后果)now.
6．What a ____________(巧合)that we were in the same hotel at the same time!
7．The purpose of new ____________(技術(shù))is to make life easier，not to make it more difficult.
8．New teaching methods have been____________(采用)to improve the result of education.
9．It is ____________(典型的)of the young man to think of himself before others.
10．Earthquakes can’t be prevented，but they can be ____________(預(yù)測(cè))．
11．As a rich businessman，he was thought to ____________ a great deal of ____________.(possess)
12．用aim的適當(dāng)形式填空
(1)The trouble with Bill was that he never had a specific ____________in life.
(2)Not knowing where to go，he wandered ____________on the street.
(3)This activity is ____________ at improving the students’ability of listening and speaking.
1．a(chǎn)bstract 2.attempt 3.appealing 4.faith 5.consequences 6.coincidence 7.techniques 8.adopted 9.typical 10.predicted 11.possess；possession 12.(1)aim (2)aimless (3)aimed
高頻短語(yǔ)
1．________________ 也；還；而且
2．________________ 巧合地
3．________________ 大量
4．________________ 導(dǎo)致
5．________________ 大量，許多
6．________________ (可是)另一方面
7．________________ 活著的；本人
8．________________ 偏愛(ài)
9．________________ (對(duì)某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感興趣
1.as well as 2.by coincidence 3.a great deal 4.lead to 5.scores of... 6.on the other hand 7.in the flesh
8.have a preference for 9.appeal to
重點(diǎn)句式
1．By coincidence，oil paints were also developed at this time，which ________ the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper.
巧合的是，這一時(shí)期油畫(huà)顏料也得到了發(fā)展，使得畫(huà)的顏色看上去更豐富、更深沉。
2．At the time they were created，the Impressionist paintings were controversial，but today they are accepted as the beginning of ______________________.
在印象派作品的創(chuàng)建初期，它們是存在著爭(zhēng)議的，但是如今已被人們接受而成為我們現(xiàn)在所說(shuō)的“現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)”的始祖了。
3．______________________who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists，who lived and worked in Paris.
在那些突破傳統(tǒng)畫(huà)法的畫(huà)家中有生活和工作在法國(guó)巴黎的印象派畫(huà)家。
4．Many art lovers would rather visit this small art gallery than any other in New York.Henry Clay Frick，a rich New Yorker，died in 1919，________ his house，furniture and art collection to the American people.
許多藝術(shù)愛(ài)好者寧愿參觀這座小小的藝術(shù)畫(huà)廊也不去紐約其他的畫(huà)廊。亨利克萊弗里克是紐約的一位富豪，于1919年去世，把他的房子、家具和藝術(shù)收藏品全部留給了美國(guó)人民。
知識(shí)詳解
1. made 2.what we call“modern art” 3.Among the painters 4.leaving
1aim n． 瞄準(zhǔn)；目標(biāo)，目的
v． 瞄準(zhǔn)，對(duì)準(zhǔn)，旨在
(回歸課本P2)During the Middle Ages，the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes.
在中世紀(jì)，畫(huà)家的主要目的是表現(xiàn)宗教主題。
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①(牛津P42) She went to London with the aim of finding a job.
她去倫敦是為了找工作。
②(牛津P42)Teamwork is required in order to achieve these aims.
要達(dá)到這些目標(biāo)需要齊心協(xié)力。
③This activity is aimed at improving the students’ ability of listening and speaking.
這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的目的是提高學(xué)生的聽(tīng)說(shuō)能力。
④He aimed to catch the last bus so that he could get home in time for supper.
他想趕最后一班公共汽車，好及時(shí)趕回家吃晚飯。
[即境活用]
1．The education program________combining brain work with manual labor is being widely spread throughout the country.
A．to aim at B．a(chǎn)ims at
C．having aimed at D．a(chǎn)imed at
解析：選D。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子成分可知，該句子主干為T(mén)he education program is being widely spread throughout the country.題干中的“________combining brain work with manual labor”為主語(yǔ)的后置定語(yǔ)，D項(xiàng)符合，這里的aimed at可以看做“(that/which is) aimed at”的省略形式。
2．They will start their project，________at helping the poor children to be educated in the west of China.
A．a(chǎn)ims B．a(chǎn)iming
C．being aimed D．a(chǎn)imed
解析：選B。由句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知空格處應(yīng)選一分詞形式作狀語(yǔ)，另由句子主語(yǔ)they與動(dòng)詞aim的主謂關(guān)系可知應(yīng)選aiming表主動(dòng)。
2adopt vt. 采用；采納；收養(yǎng)
(回歸課本P2)People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life.
人們開(kāi)始淡化宗教主題，并且采納更人性化的人生態(tài)度。
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①(牛津P27)She was forced to have her baby adopted.
她被迫把嬰兒給人收養(yǎng)。
②The schools must adopt new methods of teaching foreign languages.學(xué)校應(yīng)采用新的外語(yǔ)教學(xué)法。
③The kind woman adopted the orphan as her own son.
那位好心女士將那個(gè)孤兒收養(yǎng)為自己的兒子。
④Many people are eager to adopt the children losing their parents.
許多人都期望可以收養(yǎng)失去雙親的孩子。
⑤The film was adapted from the popular novel for children.
這部影片是為了孩子們而從一本很受歡迎的小說(shuō)改編來(lái)的。
[即境活用]
3．用adopt；adapt的正確形式填空：
(1)The young couple had no children of their own and ________ an orphan.After a few months，the child came to ________ to his new life.
答案：adopted；adapt
(2)The doctor advised Mr.Wang，who is a heavy smoker，to________a healthier way of life.
答案：adopt
(3)His __________ son went abroad for further education last week.
答案：adopted
3possession n． 占有，擁有，所有；所有物，財(cái)產(chǎn)，財(cái)富(pl.)
(回歸課本P2)They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves，their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements.
他們出價(jià)聘請(qǐng)著名藝術(shù)家來(lái)為自己畫(huà)像，畫(huà)自己的房屋和其他財(cái)物以及他們的活動(dòng)和成就。
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①(陜西高考)Technical progress would put our firm in possession of the home market.
科技的進(jìn)步使我們公司占有了國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)。
②When her father died，she came into possession of a large fortune.父親去世后，她繼承了一大筆財(cái)產(chǎn)。
③Having been cheated by that company，he lost all his possessions.被那家公司所騙，他失去了所有的財(cái)產(chǎn)。
④-Does the young man standing there have possession of the company?
站在那兒的那個(gè)年輕人擁有這個(gè)公司嗎？
-NO.The company is in the possession of his father.
不，他父親擁有這個(gè)公司。
⑤(牛津P1542)You can’t legally take possession of the property until three weeks after the contract is signed.
契約簽署三周以后，你才能合法取得這份產(chǎn)業(yè)的所有權(quán)。
⑥(牛津P1542)I’m afraid he doesn’t possess a sense of humour.
恐怕他沒(méi)有什么幽默感。
[即境活用]
4．-How did you ________the old valuable house?
-It used to be________my uncle.He left it to me in his will.
A．take possession of；in possession of
B．take the possession of；in the possession of
C．take possession of；in the possession of
D．take the possession of；in possession of
解析：選C。take possession of “擁有”為固定短語(yǔ)；第二空的主語(yǔ)為it即the house，所以使用表示被動(dòng)的in the possession of。
5．Of the two paintings，Mr.Black chose the cheaper one out of ________，though it was not the work of a famous painter.
A．possession B．technique
C．a(chǎn)djustment D．preference
解析：選D。preference 意為“喜愛(ài)，偏愛(ài)”。句意：在這兩幅畫(huà)中，布萊克先生出于偏愛(ài)選擇了便宜的，盡管它不是出自名家之手。
4attempt n． 努力；嘗試；企圖
vt. 嘗試，企圖
(回歸課本P3)On the one hand，some modern art is abstract；that is，the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes...
一方面，有些現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)是抽象的，也就是說(shuō)，畫(huà)家并不打算把我們眼睛看到的東西如實(shí)地畫(huà)出來(lái)……
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①(江蘇高考)A man is being questioned in relation to the attempted murder last night.
與昨晚企圖謀殺有關(guān)的一位男子正在被審問(wèn)。
②(牛津P110)I passed my driving test at the first attempt.
我考汽車駕駛執(zhí)照一次就通過(guò)了。
③The boys made an attempt to leave for camping but were stopped by their parents.
男孩子們想去野營(yíng)但被他們的父母?jìng)償r住了。
④Every time I attempted to persuade her，I failed completely.每一次我都試圖說(shuō)服他，但全然不起作用。
[即境活用]
6．完成句子
(1)大衛(wèi)對(duì)化學(xué)考試做了充分的準(zhǔn)備以致于他第一次嘗試就能通過(guò)。
David had prepared carefully for the chemistry exam so that he could be sure of passing it ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：at his first attempt
(2)Charlie ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(試圖道歉) for what he had done，but his classmates wouldn’t even talk to him.
答案：made an attempt to apologize
5figure n． 數(shù)字；身材，體形；人物
(回歸課本P4)the art of making figures，objects，etc.out of stone，wood，clay，etc.
用石頭、木頭、陶土等制作的人物、物體的藝術(shù)
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①Every woman wants a slim figure these days，especially here in Canada.如今，每個(gè)女性都想擁有苗條的身材，在加拿大尤其如此。
②She does exercise every morning to keep her figure.
她每天早上做運(yùn)動(dòng)以保持體形。
③In the ricegrowing world，the Chinese scientist，Yuan Longping，is a leading figure.
在水稻種植領(lǐng)域，中國(guó)科學(xué)家袁隆平是一位杰出人士。
④(朗文P759)I could hear them talking but I couldn’t figure out what they are saying.
我能聽(tīng)見(jiàn)他們?cè)谡f(shuō)話，但就是聽(tīng)不清他們?cè)谡f(shuō)什么。
即境活用
7．The present situation is very complex，so I think it will take me some time to ________its reality.
A．make up B．figure out
C．look through D．put off
解析：選B。make up組成；化妝；編造；figure out理解，弄清楚；look through瀏覽；put off推遲。句意：目前的形勢(shì)非常復(fù)雜，因此我認(rèn)為要花費(fèi)我一段時(shí)間來(lái)弄清楚它的真實(shí)性。
8．The girl is careful to choose her food because she wants very much to ________ ________ ________(保持身材)．
答案：keep her figure
6appeal vi. 有感染力；呼吁；求助
vt. 將……上訴
n． 呼吁；懇求
(回歸課本P6)It will appeal to those who love Impressionist and PostImpressionist paintings.
展覽吸引印象派和印象派作品的愛(ài)好者。
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①The police appealed to the public for any information about the murder.
警方呼吁群眾提供所有和這起謀殺案有關(guān)的情況。
②It is important to always try to appeal to the way the audience will react.
有一點(diǎn)很重要，無(wú)論什么時(shí)候都要努力迎合觀眾的反應(yīng)方式。
③In fact，what appeals to me about her painting is not the style but the colours she uses.
事實(shí)上，使我對(duì)她的畫(huà)感興趣的不是畫(huà)的風(fēng)格而是她所運(yùn)用的色彩。
④Bob launched an urgent appeal for the famine victims.
鮑勃發(fā)出了援助饑民的緊急呼吁。
[即境活用]
9．(2010年高考安徽卷)-How did you like Nick’s performance last night?
-To be honest，his singing didn’t ________to me much.
A．a(chǎn)ppeal B．belong
C．refer D．occur
解析：選A。句意：--你覺(jué)得Nick昨天晚上表演得怎么樣？--說(shuō)實(shí)話，他的演唱對(duì)我沒(méi)多大吸引力。appeal to sb.-attract or interest sb.(對(duì)……有吸引力)，符合句意。
7by coincidence 巧合地
(回歸課本P2)By coincidence，oil paints were also developed at this time，which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper.
巧合的是，這一時(shí)期油畫(huà)顏料也得到了發(fā)展，它使得繪畫(huà)的色彩看上去更豐富、更深沉。
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①(上海高考)It can’t be a(n)coincidence that four jewelry stores were robbed in one night.
四家珠寶店在一夜被搶劫一定不是巧合。
②(牛津P375)By coincidence，I met the person we’d been discussing the next day.
真是巧了，我在第二天就遇見(jiàn)了我們一直在談?wù)摰哪莻�(gè)人。
③(牛津P375)It’s not a coincidence that none of the directors are women.
沒(méi)有一位董事是女性，這并非偶然。
④What a coincidence！I wasn’t expecting to see you here.
真巧！我沒(méi)料到會(huì)在這里見(jiàn)到你。
[即境活用]
10．完成句子
(1)她正好在那個(gè)時(shí)候出現(xiàn)真是巧合。
It was ________ ________ ________ that she appeared at that exact moment.
答案：rather a coincidence
(2)真巧，我和我的同桌同年同日生，我們有很多共同之處。
________ ________，my deskmate and I were born on the same day and same year，so we have a lot in common.
答案：By coincidence
8a great deal 許多；大量
(回歸課本P2)In the late 19th century，Europe changed a great deal，from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one.
19世紀(jì)后期，歐洲發(fā)生了巨大的變化，從以農(nóng)業(yè)為主的社會(huì)變成了以工業(yè)為主的社會(huì)。
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①Joan passed her exam，which surprised me a great deal.
瓊通過(guò)了考試，這讓我很驚訝。
②(朗文P516)I’ve spent a good deal of time thinking about the project.
我花了大量的時(shí)間來(lái)考慮這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。
③(朗文P516)He knows a great deal more about computers than I do.
他的計(jì)算機(jī)知識(shí)比我豐富得多。
④Most of the young men went off to the war，and a great many never came back.
大部分年輕人上了戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)，其中許多人再?zèng)]有回來(lái)。
[即境活用]
11．I recognized her as soon as I met her at the airport though we hadn’t seen each other for ages and she had changed________.
A．a(chǎn) large amount B．a(chǎn) great many
C．a(chǎn) great deal D. a lot of
解析：選C。a great deal意為“大量，許多”，可作狀語(yǔ)，用于修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞。句意：雖然我們很久沒(méi)有見(jiàn)面，但我在機(jī)場(chǎng)一見(jiàn)到她就認(rèn)出她來(lái)了，她變化很大。其余選項(xiàng)不可作狀語(yǔ)修飾動(dòng)詞。
12．We will have to work________faster in order to complete our task on time.
A．a(chǎn) great deal of B．a(chǎn) great deal
C．a(chǎn) great many of D．a(chǎn) great many
解析：選B。考查短語(yǔ)辨析。a great deal大量，可單獨(dú)使用，也可以用在比較級(jí)前。a great deal of只能修飾不可數(shù)名詞，表示“大量的”，a great many (of)修飾可數(shù)名詞。
13．________work has been done to improve the people’s living standard.
A．Many B．A great many
C．A great deal of D．A large number of
解析：選C。本題考查表示“大量的”的限定詞的具體用法。通過(guò)對(duì)選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)A、B和D三項(xiàng)后必須接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，a great deal of后接不可數(shù)名詞，然后找到關(guān)鍵詞work，便知正確答案為C項(xiàng)。
9on the other hand (可是)另一方面(常與on the one hand 對(duì)應(yīng)使用)
(回歸課本P3)On the other hand，some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look like photographs.
而另一方面，有些現(xiàn)代派的藝術(shù)作品卻是那么寫(xiě)實(shí)，看上去就像一幅幅照片。
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①(牛津P922)On the one hand they’d love to have kids，but on the other(hand)，they don’t want to give up their freedom.
一方面他們想要孩子，但是另一方面，他們又不想放棄自由自在的生活。
②Many college graduates are out of work now，but on the other hand，they won’t take jobs that do not pay much.現(xiàn)在許多大學(xué)畢業(yè)生沒(méi)有工作，但另一方面，他們又不愿意干薪水低的工作。
③I’m not going to buy it；for one thing I don’t like the colour，and for another it’s far too expensive.
我不買(mǎi)這東西：一是我不喜歡這顏色，二是它太貴了。
[即境活用]
14．I would like a job which pays more，but ________I enjoy the work I’m doing at the moment.
A．in other words B．on the other hand
C．for one thing D．a(chǎn)s a matter of fact
解析：選B。根據(jù)but前后的內(nèi)容可知，前后分句構(gòu)成的是對(duì)比關(guān)系，故用on the other hand來(lái)表示對(duì)比。in other words意為“換句話說(shuō)”；for one thing意為“一則”，常與for another 連用；as a matter of fact意為“事實(shí)上”。
句型梳理
【教材原句】 By coincidence，oil paints were also developed at this time，which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. (P2)
巧合的是，這一時(shí)期油畫(huà)顏料也得到了發(fā)展，使得畫(huà)的顏色看上去更豐富、更深沉。
【句法分析】 本句為復(fù)合句，含有which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，對(duì)前面的整個(gè)句子進(jìn)行限定。
①The elephant is like a snake，which everybody can see.
任何人都看得出，這頭大象像條蛇。
②A big earthquake occurred in Yushu，which was reported on TV.
據(jù)電視報(bào)道，玉樹(shù)發(fā)生了大地震。
③Tom was late again，which made the boss very angry.
湯姆又遲到了，這使老板非常生氣。
[即境活用]
15．(2010年高考四川卷)After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling，________turned out to be a wise decision.
A．that B．which
C．when D．where
解析：選B。句意：大學(xué)畢業(yè)之后，我休息了一段時(shí)間去旅游，結(jié)果證明這是一個(gè)明智的決定。本題考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知第二個(gè)逗號(hào)后是一非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，排除A項(xiàng)；定語(yǔ)從句缺主語(yǔ)，排除C、D兩項(xiàng)，先行詞是逗號(hào)前的整個(gè)句子，所以B為正確答案。
（小周）