核心詞匯
1．Where can I____________(下載)the exercises from the Internet?
2．More problems like those at the nuclear power plant are certain to____________(出現(xiàn))．
3．During the winter holidays，I____________(輔導(dǎo))some students for English exams.
4. They achieved their____________(目標(biāo))of increasing sales by five percent.
5．It is such a hard problem that it is impossible for me to____________(解決)．
6．Money does not always bring____________(幸福)．
7．These changes are due to an increase in the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere since the beginning of the Industrial____________(革命)．
8．There is another kind of beauty that has nothing to do with____________(外貌)，but comes from the heart.
9．It is just her childhood experiences that affect her____________(性格)and later life.
10．After the president made an official announcement，he expressed his____________opinion.____________speaking，I agreed with his opinion.(personal)
11．I would like to____________for the job advertised in the newspaper，so I have sent my____________before July 20,2010.(apply)
12．Can you say that dolphins are much more____________than other animals？Well，they are animals of high____________and they can communicate.(intelligent)
1.download 2.arise 3.coached 4.goal 5.solve 6.happiness 7.Revolution 8.appearance 9.character 10.personal；Personally 11.apply；application 12.intelligent；intelligence
高頻短語(yǔ)
1．________________ 從……時(shí)起
2．________________ 結(jié)果
3．________________ 如此……以致于
4．________________ 在某種程度上
5．________________ 在……的幫助下
6．________________ 處理；安排；對(duì)付
7．________________ 看守；監(jiān)視
8．________________ 共有；共用
9．________________ 彌補(bǔ)
10．________________ 畢竟
1.from...on 2.as a result 3.so...that 4.in a way 5.with the help of 6.deal with 7.watch over 8.in common 9.make up 10.after all
重點(diǎn)句式
1．____________，I was made smaller.
隨著時(shí)間的流逝，我被做得更小了。
2．I developed very slowly and__________nearly two hundred years________I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.
我發(fā)育緩慢，差不多到了兩百年之后，查爾斯巴比奇才把我制成了一臺(tái)分析機(jī)。
3．____________my memory has developed so much that，like an elephant，I never forget________________！
隨著時(shí)間的推移，我的記憶力發(fā)展得如此之快，就像一頭大象一樣，我從來(lái)不會(huì)忘記告訴我的任何事情！
4．And my memory became________large________even I couldn’t believe it!
我的存儲(chǔ)量變得如此之大，連我自己都不能相信！
5．________，my goal is to provide humans with a life____________.
不管怎樣，我的目標(biāo)是為人類提供高質(zhì)量的生活。
1.As time went by 2.it took；before 3.Over time；anything I have been told 4.so；that 5.Anyhow；of high quality
1.totally adv. 完全地，整個(gè)地
(回歸課本P18)As a result I totally changed my shape.
結(jié)果，我徹底改變了形狀。
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①I totally agree with you.
我完全同意你的看法。
②(朗文P2182)In total，over 250 employees completed the safety training.
總共有超過250名員工完成了安全培訓(xùn)。
③The plan was a total failure.
那項(xiàng)計(jì)劃完全失敗了。
④A total of 100 teachers will attend the meeting.
總共100名老師將參加會(huì)議。
[即境活用]
1．-Do you know how many students took part in the sports meet?
-About 400________.
A．a(chǎn)ll together B．a(chǎn)fter all
C．in total D．a(chǎn)t total
解析：選C。表達(dá)“總共，完全”可以使用下列短語(yǔ)：altogether，in all或in total。
2.arise vi. 出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生；起身，起床
(回歸課本P23)Then she prepares reliable moves to use if a new situation arises.
接著她準(zhǔn)備好了可行的步驟來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)新情況的出現(xiàn)。
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①(朗文P89)More problems like those at the nuclear power plant are certain to arise.
該核電站一定會(huì)出現(xiàn)更多類似那樣的問題。
②A great idea arose in her mind.
一個(gè)好主意浮現(xiàn)在她的腦海中。
③Accidents often arise from carelessness.
事故往往是由疏忽大意而引起的。
[易混辨析]
arise，arouse，rise，raise
原形 過去式 過去分詞 v.ing
arise(vi.)出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生，起因于 arose arisen arising
arouse(vt.)喚醒，激起 aroused aroused arousing
rise(vi.)升起，起身，增長(zhǎng)，上升 rose risen rising
raise(vt.)舉起，喚起，提高，飼養(yǎng) raised raised raising
We were watching the children raising the national flag，and saw it rising slowly in the wind，which aroused our patriotic(愛國(guó)的)minds.
我們?cè)谟^看孩子們升國(guó)旗，看到國(guó)旗在風(fēng)中徐徐升起，這喚起了我們的愛國(guó)之心。
[即境活用]
2．我們應(yīng)永記心中，開車時(shí)事故是由粗心引起的。
We should always keep in mind that accidents________ ________ ________while driving.
答案：arise from carelessness
3.anyhow adv. 無(wú)論如何；即使如此
(回歸課本P18)Anyhow，my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality.
不管怎么樣，我的目標(biāo)是給人類提供高質(zhì)量的生活。
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①(朗文P76)Anyhow，we have plenty of time to plan ahead.
不管怎樣，我們有很多時(shí)間去提前作計(jì)劃。
②It’s too expensive and anyhow(＝anyway) the color doesn’t suit you.(而且)
這個(gè)太貴，而且顏色也不適合你。
③I’m afraid we can’t come，but thanks for the invitation anyhow(＝anyway)．(即使這樣)
恐怕我們來(lái)不了，不過還是感謝邀請(qǐng)。
④Anyhow(＝Anyway)，let’s forget about that thing for the moment！(無(wú)論如何)
無(wú)論如何，咱們此刻忘記那件事吧！
【溫馨提示】 somehow表示“以某種方式；不知怎么地”，與anyhow意義不同。
⑤Somehow，I don’t feel I can trust him.
不知怎么地，我覺得不能信任他。
4.signal vi.& vt.發(fā)信號(hào)
n． 信號(hào)
(回歸課本P23)For example，I have learned to signal to my teammates in computer language to give me the ball when I am open and have a good shot for a goal.
例如，當(dāng)我啟動(dòng)的時(shí)候，我可以用計(jì)算機(jī)語(yǔ)言向隊(duì)友示意把球傳給我，這樣可以有一個(gè)漂亮的射門。
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①(2009年高考湖北卷)In our class，when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book，it was a signal for everyone to stand up.
在課堂上，鈴聲響起，老師合上書就是我們要起立的信號(hào)。
②(牛津P1865)She signalled (to) him to follow.
她示意他跟她走。
③He signalled that it was time to leave.
他示意該走了。
[即境活用]
3．-What did our teacher do?
-He raised his arm as a(n)________for us to stop.
A．signal B．reality
C．a(chǎn)pplication D．goal
解析：選A。考查名詞辨析。答句句意：他抬起手臂示意我們停下。signal意為“信號(hào)，手勢(shì)”。
4．(2010年龍巖一檢)The door and the windows were all closed and there was no________of forced entry.
A．scene B．signal
C．sign D．sight
解析：選C。考查名詞辨析。句意表示“門窗都關(guān)閉著，沒有強(qiáng)行侵入的跡象”。這里sign表示“跡象”；scene表示“場(chǎng)景，景色”；signal表示“信號(hào)”；sight則表示“視野”。根據(jù)句意，選C項(xiàng)。
5.in a way 從某一角度看；在某種程度上
(回歸課本P23)In a way our programmer is like our coach.
從某種程度上講，我們的程序員就好比是我們的教練。
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①(朗文P2316)In a way，I’m a little surprised he accepted the offer.
從某種意義上講，他接受了這個(gè)報(bào)價(jià)讓我覺得有點(diǎn)兒驚訝。
②Only in this way can you get rid of your bad habits.
只有用這種方法你才能改掉你的壞習(xí)慣。
③In no way should you lose heart.
你決不應(yīng)該失去信心。
④Don’t stand in the way.Move aside and let me pass.
不要擋著路，靠邊點(diǎn)讓我過去。
[即境活用]
5．-I think he is taking an active part in social work.
-I agree with you ________.
A．in a way B．on the way
C．by the way D．in the way
解析：選A。此題考查介詞短語(yǔ)的含義。in a way在某種程度上；on the way在……路上，即將成為……；by the way在主要話題或交談中用以插入題外的話或問題，常譯為“順便問一下”；in the way阻礙。
6．He is on his way to ________ a doctor after having finished his four years’ study in the university.
A．become B．becoming
C．became D．having become
解析：選B。on one’s way to sth./doing sth.即將成為……，其中to為介詞。
6.as a result 結(jié)果
(回歸課本P18)As a result I totally changed my shape.
結(jié)果我的外形完全改變了。
[例句探源]
①(牛津P1703)He made one big mistake，and，as a result，lost his job.
他犯了個(gè)大錯(cuò)，結(jié)果丟了工作。
②I was very busy.As a result，I couldn’t take care of her.
我非常忙，因此無(wú)法照料她。
[易混辨析]
as a result，as a result of，result in，result from
(1)as a result因此，結(jié)果，副詞短語(yǔ)，常作狀語(yǔ)，使用時(shí)其前常有一個(gè)表示原因的句子。
(2)as a result of是介詞短語(yǔ)，只能連接名詞/代詞/動(dòng)名詞及what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。
(3)result in相當(dāng)于lead to，結(jié)果為……；導(dǎo)致，主語(yǔ)是原因，賓語(yǔ)是結(jié)果。
(4)result from相當(dāng)于lie in，因?yàn)椋醋裕髡Z(yǔ)是結(jié)果，賓語(yǔ)是原因。
①We helped each other in studies and as a result we became good friends.
②As a result of the car accident，Jackson couldn’t work any longer.
③His carelessness resulted in his failure.
④His failure resulted from his carelessness.
[即境活用]
7．(2009年高考全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Jenny nearly missed the flight________doing too much shopping.
A．a(chǎn)s a result of B．on top of
C．in front of D．in need of
解析：選A。句意：由于購(gòu)物花費(fèi)時(shí)間太多，珍妮差點(diǎn)錯(cuò)過航班。as a result of作為……的結(jié)果，由于；on top of在……之上；in front of在……前面；in need of需要……。
8．My friend Martin was very sick with a high fever；________，he could neither eat nor sleep.
A．a(chǎn)s a result B．a(chǎn)fter all
C．a(chǎn)nyway D．otherwise
解析：選A。因生病而導(dǎo)致了后面的結(jié)果，所以選as a result。
7.deal with 處理；安排；對(duì)付
(回歸課本P24)This means that it should clean the house，mop the floors，cook the dinner and deal with telephone calls.
這就意味著它應(yīng)該打掃房子、拖地、做飯以及接電話。
[例句探源]
①(牛津P512)She is used to dealing with all kinds of people in her job.
她已習(xí)慣于和工作中遇到的各種各樣的人打交道。
②I found her quite hard to deal with.
我發(fā)現(xiàn)她很難相處。
③This is a book dealing with Asian problems.
這是一本論述亞洲問題的書。
【溫馨提示】 deal with常與how連用，而do with則常與what連用。
④I don’t know how to deal with the situation.
我不知道如何處理這種情況。
⑤I don’t know what to do with the situation.
我不知道如何處理這種情況。
[即境活用]
9．-You look so worried.What’s the matter?
-I don’t know________these boring problems.
A．what to deal with B．how to do with
C．what can I do with D．how to deal with
解析：選D。考查短語(yǔ)的用法。deal with通常與how搭配，而do with通常與what搭配，C項(xiàng)語(yǔ)序不對(duì)。故選D。
10．With the world changing fast，we have something new________with all by ourselves every day.
A．deal B．dealt
C．to deal D．dealing
解析：選C。該句為“have something to do”結(jié)構(gòu)，動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)。
句型梳理
1【教材原句】 As time went by，I was made smaller.(P18)
隨著時(shí)間的流逝，我被做得更小了。
【句法分析】 as意為“隨著”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
①As we grow older，we get wiser.
隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，我們會(huì)變得越來(lái)越聰明。
②As time went on，Einstein’s theory proved to be correct.
隨著歲月的推移，愛因斯坦的理論被證明是正確的。
[易混辨析]
as，with
(1)as是連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
(2)with是介詞，后接名詞或代詞構(gòu)成with短語(yǔ)或with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。
①As our life improves，we find more and more time entertaining.
②With the time going by，they became close friends.
[即境活用]
11．________children get older，they become more and more interested in the things around them.
A．While B．When
C．As D．With
解析：選C。as可表示兩個(gè)同步發(fā)展的動(dòng)作或行
為，意為“隨著”；while表示一段較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間或過程內(nèi)主從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生；when作“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”講，指較短的一段時(shí)間或點(diǎn)時(shí)間；with不能引導(dǎo)從句。
12．I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise________.
A．going on B．goes on
C．went on D．to go on
解析：選A。with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句子中作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。“with＋n.＋doing/done/介詞短語(yǔ)”為固定結(jié)構(gòu)。noise與go on之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選A。
2【教材原句】 And my memory became so large that even I couldn’t believe it！(P18)
我的存儲(chǔ)量變得如此之大，連我自己都不能相信！
【句法分析】 so/such...that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“如此……以至于”。
so...that...的基本句式：
(1)so＋形容詞(副詞或分詞)＋that從句
①She was so excited that she couldn’t go to sleep.
她興奮得睡不著覺。
②There are so many people in the street that I can’t get through.
街上有這么多人我過不去。
③There was so little water left that only little children were given some.剩下的水不多了，只給小孩分了一些。
[歸納拓展]
④It was such fine weather that we had a picnic together.
天氣那么好我們一起去野餐了。
⑤It was such a lovely day that we decided to go outing.
→It was so lovely a day that we decided to go outing.
天氣那么好，我們決定去郊游。
(2)當(dāng)so.../such...放在句首時(shí)，主句要用部分倒裝。
⑥So fast did the teacher speak that I couldn’t follow him.
(The teacher spoke so fast that I couldn’t follow him.)
那個(gè)老師說(shuō)得太快，我聽不懂。
[即境活用]
13．(2009年高考上海卷)The Great Wall is________tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.
A．so a wellknown B．a(chǎn) so wellknown
C．such wellknown a D．such a wellknown
解析：選D。句意：長(zhǎng)城是如此著名的旅游勝地，以至于每年都有上百萬(wàn)人涌來(lái)。such＋a＋形容詞＋單數(shù)名詞＋that從句，表示“如此……以至于……”。
14．(2009年高考重慶卷)Peter was so excited________he received an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing.
A．where B．that
C．why D．when
解析：選D。句意：當(dāng)彼得的朋友邀請(qǐng)他來(lái)重慶時(shí)，他很興奮。此題考查狀語(yǔ)從句，只有when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句符合題意。
復(fù)合句
◆什么是復(fù)合句
復(fù)合句由一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或多個(gè)從句組成，主句表達(dá)的是重要信息，從句起到補(bǔ)充修飾的作用。一個(gè)組織嚴(yán)密的復(fù)合句通常在包含大量信息的同時(shí)，還要正確地反映信息間的邏輯關(guān)系。
【佳句選粹】
①There is a rumor that he has married a widow.
【分析】 本句屬于復(fù)合句，由“主句＋同位語(yǔ)從句”構(gòu)成。“he has married a widow”作為“rumor” 的同位語(yǔ)，由that引導(dǎo)構(gòu)成了同位語(yǔ)從句。
②Let’s meet tomorrow if it is convenient for you.
【分析】 本句屬于復(fù)合句，由“主句＋條件狀語(yǔ)從句”構(gòu)成。“Let’s meet tomorrow”是主句，“if it is convenient for you”是由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句。
◆主要從句類型
英語(yǔ)中的從句有很多類型，因此除了準(zhǔn)確判斷句子之間的主從關(guān)系以外，還要熟悉和掌握各種不同類型的從句。
1．名詞性從句：它在句子中可充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)等。
【佳句選粹】
①How it all happened is a mystery to me.
這一切是怎樣發(fā)生的對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是個(gè)謎。(主語(yǔ))
②I wonder if you could stay for another day.
不知你可否再待一天。(賓語(yǔ))
③The question is whether they have signed a contract.
問題是他們簽沒簽合同。(表語(yǔ))
④The idea that money means everything is unsound.
金錢萬(wàn)能的思想是錯(cuò)誤的。(同位語(yǔ))
2．定語(yǔ)從句：多由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)。
【佳句選粹】
①Jim introduced me to a girl who sat next to him.
吉姆把我介紹給他旁邊的一位姑娘。
②Then I telephoned the doctor (whom)she had recommended.然后我給她推薦的醫(yī)生打了電話。
③There are the reasons why we did it.
這些就是我們這樣做的原因。
3．狀語(yǔ)從句：用作狀語(yǔ)的從句很多，可以表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、條件、方式、目的、結(jié)果、比較、讓步等。
【佳句選粹】
①We all stood up when he came in.
他進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)我們都站了起來(lái)。(時(shí)間)
②I didn’t go because I wasn’t feeling well.
我沒有去是因?yàn)槲疑眢w不舒服。(原因)
③It was so dark that we couldn’t see each other’s faces.
天那樣黑，我們看不清彼此的臉。(結(jié)果)
④Though they were poor，they were still happy.
他們雖然很窮，但仍然很幸福。(讓步)
⑤Just as the water is the most important of liquids，air is the most important of gases.
正如水是液體中最重要的一種一樣，空氣是氣體中最重要的一種。(方式)
⑥You’ll do all right，as long as you follow his advice.
只要你聽從他的勸告，你就會(huì)干得很好。(條件)
⑦The director gave me a better offer than he gave Dick.
導(dǎo)師給我的提議比給狄克的好。(比較)
（小周）