●學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)
Ⅰ.單詞和詞組
unforgettable,tomb,iceberg,host,used to,on fire,broken,disaster,typhoon,earthquake,rescue,
roar,mass,advance,seize,sweep,swallow,drag,pull,struggle,fright,flow,crack,chimney,cut down,
completely,shake,strike,destroy,deadline,publish,the next moment,bookworm,couch potato,
workaholic,fan,agent,Buddha,temple,naughty,peanut
Ⅱ.日常交際用語
It is clear to me that…
What would you do?
First…,next…,then…,finally…
What is it like?
How did you feel about this holiday?
Can you name…?
Why did you choose to go there?
How did you get there?
Ⅲ.語法
學(xué)習(xí)關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
●學(xué)習(xí)障礙
Ⅰ.單詞及短語
against,mass,used to,on fire,cut down,completely,strike,hand in,seize,struggle,stand,fear,fright,
must have done
Ⅱ.語法
定語從句中關(guān)系代詞who/ whom/ which/ that/ whose的用法。
●學(xué)習(xí)策略
Ⅰ.單詞及短語部分
1.against prep.
縱向歸納法：
（1）表示反對關(guān)系
I will speak against anything I know to be wrong.
Their whole life is a fight against poverty and unemployment.
(2)（表示位置關(guān)系）靠著，頂著，迎著，襯著
A little piano stood against the wall.
She pressed her face against the glass.
The picture looks good against that light wall.
(3)預(yù)防，防備，準(zhǔn)備……時(shí)用
We are all taking medicine against the disease.
(4)be against 反對 I knew she was against us.
違反，違背 It was against the law.
不利于 Almost everything was against him.
聯(lián)系語境法：
The pine trees were black ________ the morning sky.
A.in B.to C.against D.under
答案：C 根據(jù)語境，松樹襯著天空。
2.mass n.
縱向歸納法：
(1)一堆，一團(tuán)，一大塊
There is a mass of stones in the yard.
(2)大量，大批
There was a mass of children in the hall.
I've masses of work to do.
3.used to
縱向歸納法：
(1)used to do sth.過去常常……(現(xiàn)在已不如此)
We used to grow beautiful roses.
注意:否定句和疑問句有兩種
You usedn't to make that mistake.
She didn't use(d)to do it,did she?
You used to smoke a pipe,didn't you?/ use(d)n't you?
(2)be used to +n./ doing 習(xí)慣于
I have always been used to hard work.
He became used to such a diet.
I'm not used to treating patients this way.
I'm not used to being treated like this.
(3)be used to do 被用來做……
This knife is used to cut bread.
橫向歸納法：
表示 “過去常常……”時(shí),used to與would區(qū)別
(1)would只強(qiáng)調(diào)過去常常……,used to說明現(xiàn)在不是如此。
The old woman would sit there for hours doing nothing.
(2)would只接行為動詞,used to 可接行為動詞和表狀態(tài)的詞。
There used to be a temple at the foot of the mountain.
聯(lián)系語境法：
I ________ being treated like that.
A.don't used to B.didn't used to
C.am not used to D.used to
答案:C 我不習(xí)慣于被人這樣對待用be used to doing/ n.。
4.cut down
縱向歸納法：
(1)砍倒
If you cut down all the trees you will ruin the land.
(2)減少,削減
I have decided to cut down my smoking.
橫向歸納法：
(1)cut up 破碎,切碎
They cut down the tree and cut it up for firewood.
(2)cut off
切斷,停掉
Our water supply has been cut off again.
隔絕,擋住
The floods cut us off from our homes.
使電話中斷
We were cut off in the middle of our telephone conversation.
(3)cut… in/ into pieces 把……切成碎片
The vegetables should be cut into small pieces and dropped into the boiling water.
聯(lián)系語境法：
Is George trying to cut his weight________?
A.off B.down
C.up D.through
答案: B cut down weight減少體重
5.completely adv.完全地
The eighteenth century developed a completely new kind of novel.
縱向歸納法：
(1)complete adj.完整的,全部的；完成
Is this a complete story?
When will the work on the new railway be complete?
(2)complete v.完成
The workmen haven't completed the house yet.
(3)completion n.(不可數(shù))完成,結(jié)束
After the completion of the job the workman went home.
橫向歸納法：
complete 與finish表 “完成”時(shí)的區(qū)別
(1)complete 作及物動詞, 只接n.或pron.
The railway is not completed yet.
(2)finish
不及物動詞
I can't come till I have completed.
及物動詞, 接n.或doing
When did you finish your college course?
I finished reading the book last night.
6.strike
縱向歸納法：
(1)打，敲,擊, 砍,打中,擊中
He struck me with his fist.
The house was struck by lightning.
(2)發(fā)起進(jìn)攻,襲擊
He moved away as the animal struck.
(3)撞,觸(礁)
His head struck the table as he fell.
(4)擦(火柴)
I struck a match and held it to his cigarette.
(5)(某種想法法：)忽然出現(xiàn),忽然想起
A happy thought struck her.
(6)給人深刻印象(常用于被動語態(tài))
I was struck by her beauty.
(7)罷工
They are striking for higher pay.
（8)(鐘)敲(響)
We waited for the clock to strike six.
橫向歸納法：
(1)hit 打,敲, 擊,擊中,射中
He hit a ball over the fence.
The stone hit the window.
使……受到打擊
The bad news hit every one hard.
(2)beat 連續(xù)有節(jié)奏地打,敲
He was beating a drum.
The rain beat against the window.
(心)跳動
His heart had stopped beating.
(鳥翼)撲動
The bird beat its wings rapidly as it flew on.
打敗,打贏,取勝
Our champion can beat all runners in the country.
The difficulty has beaten him.
聯(lián)系語境法：
It was dark in the room so Robinson ________ a match.
A.struck B.burnt
C.fired D.lit
答案:A strike a match劃火柴, lit是light的過去式.可以說light a fire點(diǎn)火,light a candle點(diǎn)蠟燭。
7.hand in 交上去(給老師或上級),交來(hand v.)
Each student has to hand in a composition once a week.
橫向比較法：
(1)hand down 傳下來,傳給
Our father handed down these customs to us.
(2)hand…to…傳給
They will hand the photograph to those who have not seen it.
(3)hand out 發(fā)給大家,散發(fā)
The teacher handed out the books at the beginning of the lesson.
8.seize vt.
縱向歸納法：
(1)(突然)抓-
He seized her hand and shook it heartily.
(2)奪取,攻占,沒收,抓獲
The soldiers seized the city.
The weapons found in the house were seized by the police.
(3)(用于引申意義)抓住(機(jī)會等),理解(意思)
She was quick to seize the meaning of his words.
Robert seized an opportunity to speak to him alone.
(4)seize hold of (突然)抓-
She seized hold of the child and pulled it back from the edge of the cliff.
綜合運(yùn)用法：
________ the enemy spy,soldiers returned to their station.
A.Seizing B.Seized
C.Having seized D.Having been seized
答案:C解答此題須綜合運(yùn)用分詞知識,seize 是the soldiers發(fā)出的動作, 用現(xiàn)在分詞,又因?yàn)榇祟}要體現(xiàn)出先抓住敵人,然后返回的先后順序,故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時(shí)。
9.struggle
縱向歸納法：
(1)掙扎,奮力,作努力,斗爭
They have struggled for years to free their country from the enemy.
The people were struggling to get out of the burning house.
(2)掙扎著走,費(fèi)力地走
The sick man struggled along the road to his home.
(3)struggle against 和……斗爭,搏斗
We had to struggle against strong winds all the way home.
(4)struggle for 為……而斗爭
The poor had to struggle for a living.
(5)struggle with 和……斗爭
He has been struggling with illness in his life.
He struggled with the mad man till help came.
聯(lián)系語境法：
The children struggled ________ the heavy snow.
A.to B.through
C.on D.past
答案:B 聯(lián)系語境,費(fèi)力地在大雪中走,through表示穿過。
10.stand
縱向歸納法：
(1)站著,站起來
stand on one's (own)feet/ legs 依靠自己,自主
After his father died,John had to stand on his own feet and earn his own living.
stand on one's head/ hands倒立
The beggar stood on his head and sang songs.
(2)在(某處),位于(某處),存在
A little piano stood against the wall.
A village stands at the foot of the hill.
(3)忍受,經(jīng)受
He could not stand that horrible English climate.
綜合運(yùn)用法：
There ________ several pine trees on the side of the hill.
A.is B.laid
C.stands D.stand
答案:D解此題須綜合運(yùn)用There be 句型的知識。There be 句型中be 可用lie,stand,sit,flow 等詞,根據(jù)語境表示不同的意思, 此題中主語是several pine trees,是復(fù)數(shù), 應(yīng)使用are或lie,stand等,laid是lay 的過去式,表放置或產(chǎn)卵,不符合題意。
11.fear
縱向歸納法：
(1)恐懼(多作不可數(shù)名詞)
They had no fear of Great Britain and France.
His face was growing pale with fear.
I couldn't move for fear.
憂慮,擔(dān)心的事(可數(shù))
There is no reason for your fears.
for fear of 由于怕……,以防
He left an hour early for fear of missing his train.
for fear (that)惟恐,怕的是,以防
She worried for fear that the child would be hurt.
in fear of 害怕,擔(dān)心
The thief was in fear of the police.
(2)v.恐懼,害怕接n./pron.
Cats fear big dogs.
恐懼,害怕，接to do
Don't fear to tell the truth.
恐怕，擔(dān)心，接從句
She feared that she might not find him in his room.
綜合運(yùn)用法：
They spoke in a low voice ________ waking up the sleeping child.
A.for fear of B.in case
C.for fear that D.not to
答案:A 解此題須綜合運(yùn)用非謂語動詞知識和連詞知識。B和C是連詞,后接句子,D是不定式,接動詞原形。for fear of 是介詞短語,接動名詞作賓語。
12.fright n.
縱向歸納法： (1)驚嚇,害怕(不可數(shù))
She was filled with fright at the sight.
(2)一次驚嚇(可數(shù))
You gave me a fright by knocking so loudly at the door.
(3)in fright 驚恐地,害怕地
The child turned and ran in fright from the growling dog.
縱向歸納法：
(1)frighten vt.嚇住,使驚嚇
He left his gun outside so as not to frighten his wife.
(2)frightful adj.可怕的
It was a frightful storm.
聯(lián)系語境法：
The boy was ________ by the noise of the explosion.
A.afraid B.nervous
C.fearful D.frightened
答案: D be frightened by被……嚇著, afraid害怕的,常用be afraid of,nervous緊張的,fearful害怕的,常用be fearful of。
13.must 表示肯定推測
縱向歸納法：
(1)must + 表狀態(tài)的動詞原形, 表對現(xiàn)在的推測。
The man over there must be his headteacher.
(2)must + be + doing (行為動詞), 表對現(xiàn)在的推測。
The boys must be reading in the classroom now.
(3)must + have done,表對已經(jīng)發(fā)生過的動作或事情的推測。
There must have been a quarrel between the couple.
The boy must have read the book.
He must have stayed up late last night.
注意：must表推測時(shí)的反意疑問句
（1）對現(xiàn)在的推測,be(not)+主語？
The man over there must be his headteacher,isn't he?
The boy must be reading in the classroom now,isn't he?
（2）對已發(fā)生過的動作或事情的推測。
句中有明確的表過去的時(shí)間狀語，did/ was(were)(not)+ 主語？
He must have stayed up late last night,didn't he?
句中沒有明確的表過去的時(shí)間狀語，have(has)(not)+主語？
The boy must have read the book,hasn't he?
橫向比較法：
must be doing與must do的區(qū)別:
must be doing 表示對現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行的動作的推測。
He must be sleeping now.
must do 表示必須或一定要做某事。
He must do his homework now.
Ⅱ.語法部分
限制性定語從句中關(guān)系代詞的用法
縱向歸納法：
1.關(guān)系代詞在限制性定語從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?/p>
主語 賓語 定語
指人 who/that whom/that whose
指物 which/that which/that whose
人和物 that that whose
2.如何選用定語從句的關(guān)系代詞
首先確定定語從句的先行詞，然后把先行詞帶回到定語從句中，看其在定語從句中作什么成分，根據(jù)先行詞是人指物確定關(guān)系代詞。
Where is the man________ was here?
先行詞是the man,把the man帶回到定語從句中，構(gòu)成完整的句子the man was there,句中the man作主語，且指人，故填who/that.
3.注意：
（1）定語從句中關(guān)系代詞充當(dāng)賓語時(shí)，可以省略。
（2）作賓語時(shí)，who可代替whom.
（3）whose引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，既可指人，又可指物。
Linda lives in the room whose window faces south.
Do you know the girl whose mother is working in our school?
橫向比較法：
1.that與who
(1)先行詞是anyone和those(指人)時(shí)，用who。
I'd like to talk to anyone who speaks to me.
(2)當(dāng)主語是以who開頭的疑問句時(shí)，用that。
Who is the girl that is sitting by the window?
（3）先行詞中既有人又有物時(shí)，用that。
2.that與which
(1)用that的情況：
先行詞是指物的all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,few,much,none等不定代詞。
There is still much that can be improved.
先行詞被all,every,no,some,any,little,much,neither等修飾。
I've read all the books that were borrowed from the library.
先行詞被the only,the very,the last,the next等修飾。
Hamlet is the very book that I want to read again.
先行詞被形容詞的最高級修飾。
Light blue is the best colour that suits her.
先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾。
The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan.
前已有疑問代詞時(shí)，為避免重復(fù)。
Which of the books that had pictures was not worth reading?
先行詞中有人又有物。
The people and things that he met were strange to him.
(2)用which的情況：
先行詞是指物的that或those。
He found that which he was looking for.
擊破定式法：
注意：
下列句型之間的比較
1.A.Is this the film ________ you talked about just now?
B.Is this film ________ you talked about just now?
A.that B.the one
C.when D.where
答案：AB 解此題時(shí)，首先還原成陳述句This is the film…This film is …,A句主句成分完整，直接用引導(dǎo)詞，B句主句成分不完整，先保證成分完整，再運(yùn)用關(guān)系代詞。
2.A.He is one of the students who ________ good at English.
B.He is the one of the students who ________ good at English.
A.is B.are
C.be D.to be
答案：BA A句先行詞是the students,從句的謂語用復(fù)數(shù)；B句先行詞是the one,即從句修飾the one,從句的謂語用單數(shù)。
3.A.The girl ________ I think was honest fooled me.
B.The girl ________ I think to be honest fooled me.
A.who B.whom
C.which D.from whom
答案：AB A句I think是插入語，去掉后，句子的成分完整，定語從句中缺主語。B句I think不是插入語，I think在定語從句中作主語和謂語，先行詞the girl 帶回從句中作think的賓語。
4.A.Charles is a strange character ________ dislikes parties.
B.Charles has a fine character ________ makes him easy to get along with.
A.who B.whom
C.which D.in which
答案：AC A句中character意為“人，人物”，這個(gè)人不喜歡晚會。B句中character意為“性格”，這個(gè)性格使他很容易相處。
●方法實(shí)踐
Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)選擇
1.I need one more stamp before my collection ________.
A.had completed B.completes
C.has been completed D.is completed
2.The road to the mountains ________ by the snow for almost a month.
A.has been cut off B.have been cut off
C.has been cut down D.have been cut down
3.As middle school students,we ________ the police to keep order.
A.are used to help B.used to helping
C.used to help D.used to be helped
4.The two men ________ fire to the shop,which they had ________.
A.set;stolen B.set;robbed
C.caught;stolen D.caught;robbed
5.The little girl was frightened ________ the sight of mouse.
A.with B.at
C.in D.on
6.When she came into the office,the clock ________ eight.
A.rang B.hit
C.struck D.turned
7.Last night I ________ Mr.Black and had a long talk with him.
A.called on B.called at
C.call up D.call at
8.She ________ me by the hand warmly when we met.
A.pressed B.shook
C.was shaking with D.either B or C
9.There used to be a map of Scotland on the wall,________?
A.did there B.didn't there
C.was there D.were there
10.The lion made a sudden noise and ________.
A.struggled on its feet B.leaped to feet
C.leaped on its feet D.struggled to its feet
11.The door bell rang again,and ________ she heard her letter box being pushed open.
A.the next moment B.for a while
C.in time D.at once
12.Suddenly ________ fire broke out in the workshop,but some of the workers managed to put out ________ fire.
A.a;the B./;the
C.the;the D./;/
13.After all the students had taken their seats,the teacher ________ the examination papers.
A.handed in B.handed on
C.handed out D.handed over
14.The mountain looks grey ________ the blue sky.
A.over B.for
C.under D.against
15.________ is known to all,China will be an ________ and powerful country in 20 or 30 years' time.
A.That;advancing B.This;advance
C.As;advanced D.It;advancing
16.He decided to put the ________ glass on top of the wall to stop boys ________ over it.
A.broken;climbing B.breaking;climbing
C.broken;to climb D.breaking;to climb
17.When ________,the museum will be open to the public next year.
A.completed B.completing
C.being completed D.to be completed
18.(2002上海春招)He stood on one leg ________ against the wall,while he took off his shoes. A.lying B.leaning
C.falling D.stopping
19.Too terrible! I can't ________ that noise any longer.It will drive my crazy.
A.keep B.stand
C.hold D.touch
20.Mother ________ us stories when we were young.
A.was used to tell B.is used to telling
C.used to tell D.used to telling
21.(1993上海)Children at the beginning of this century ________ a lot and ________ themselves greatly even without television.
A.used to read; enjoying B.used to read; enjoyed
C.were used to reading; enjoy D.were used to read; enjoying
22.When he was sixty years old,he ________ his hometown.
A.returned B.returned back
C.returned to D.went back
23.The visitors were all deeply ________ by the beauty of the West Lake.
A.struck B.beaten
C.hit D.knocked
24.Lying in bed,we listened to the heavy rain ________ the window.
A.hitting B.knocking
C.beating D.striking
25.Parents must take good care of their children,________they ?
A.don't B.needn't
C.aren't D.mustn't
Ⅱ.完形填空
It was a small town in England.The people there worked hard but they always got poor 1 .The weather was cold and wet and it was bad for their 2 .There was only a primary school in the town and 3 people were so poor that they couldn't send their children there.
Mr Morgan, 4 father was the headmaster,was sent to a university in the capital.He 5 law there and knew much.He usually 6 to his hometown during his holidays and a lot of his friends wanted to 7 him.They asked a lot about the capital and hoped to be given some advice on their own 8 .The young man was warm-hearted and was 9 to help them.He was busy there but he didn't 10 it.
Mr Waley,one of the Morgan's neighbours,had a shop in the center of the town.He had been a soldier in France and always 11 he knew more and liked to talk with others.But he got into trouble and 12 Mr Morgan could help him.But before the young man said a 13 ,he talked on and on in a flaw of eloquence.Mr Morgan 14 him for nearly an hour and then he began to pour him a cup of tea.The cup was full but he didn't 15 and went on pouring.The shopkeeper felt 16 and said,“Haven't you found the cup is full? You can't pour any tea into it.”
“You're 17 ,Mr Waley,” the young man stopped to say.“Your brain has been full of all kinds of 18 like the full cup.How can I help you 19 I give you an empty one? You come here to ask me for 20 you know!”
1.A.education B.harvests
C.soil D.government
2.A.health B.lives
C.crops D.animals
3.A.most B.few
C.a few D.no
4.A.his B.which
C.that D.whose
5.A.hated B.discussed
C.studied D.explained 6.A.returned B.agreed
C.replied D.wrote
7.A.play with B.flight with
C.offer D.visit
8.A.studies B.business
C.farming D.science
9.A.ready B.successful
C.proper D.impossible
10.A.forget B.remember
C.like D.mind
11.A.advised B.thought
C.described D.discovered
12.A.made B.ordered
C.hoped D.suggested
13.A.story B.word
C.passage D.reason
14.A.heard B.talked with
C.reported D.listened to
15.A.stop B.rest
C.sit down D.find
16.A.sorry B.angry
C.strange D.happy 17.A.wrong B.right
C.polite D.wise
18.A.opinions B.questions
C.problems D.projects
19.A.when B.after
C.if D.unless
20.A.saving B.money
C.advice D.wish
Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò)
The Dead Sea is really a larger lake.The river Jordan 1.________
flows into it.It's surface has an area of over a thousand 2.________
square kilometers.Because there is no outlet and the weather is 3.________
very hot,the water is slowly flowing up,the water in the sea 4.________
has unpleasant smell and a very salty bitter taste.It is full 5.________
with salt and other minerals.Human bodies will not sink in 6.________
it.People can sit up there and to read newspapers without 7.________
sinking,but it is not a good place for swimming,so the water 8.________
is bad for the skin.No alive things can live in it.That is 9.________
why it called the Dead Sea. 10.________ Ⅳ.書面表達(dá)
下面一段文字?jǐn)⑹隽四阍?003年4月15日在北京站所經(jīng)歷的事.請根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容要點(diǎn),用英語寫一篇120字左右的日記。
1.早晨去北京站為叔叔送行。
2.在候車室里見一位大娘在哭,因?yàn)閬G了車票,無錢再買。
3.見此情景,你想上去幫助。
4.兩位解放軍戰(zhàn)士過去安慰老人,給她買了票。老人感動,問其姓名地址,他們沒有回答,微笑離去。
5.你的感想
Ⅴ.同步語法專項(xiàng)練習(xí)(定語從句中關(guān)系代詞的用法)
1.Is the river ________ through that town very large?
A.which flows B.flows
C.that flowing D.whose flows
2.The poor man ________ lost his money just now is called John.
A.that B.which
C.who D.whom
3.Those ________ know the answer put up your hands.
A.who B.which
C.that D.whom
4.Ahead of me I saw a woman ________ I thought was my aunt.
A.who B.whom
C.of whom D.whose
5.BBC English is ________ people ________ want to improve their English.
A.for;who B.for;to whom
C.to;who D.to;what
6.Here is the girl ________ schoolbag has been stolen.
A.who B.whom
C.whose D.her
7.-Did you ask the guard what happened?
-Yes,he told me all ________ he knew.
A.about which B.which
C.that D.what
8.This is the only one of the books ________ we need.
A.which B.what
C.that D.all
9.We should do ________ those in danger.
A.that we can to help B.all we can to help
C.all we can help D.all what we can to help
10.The doctor ________ is leaving for Africa next month.
A.the nurse is talking to him B.whom the nurse is talking
C.the nurse is talking to D.who the nurse is talking
11.A child ________ parents are dead is called orphan.
A.which B.his
C.whose D.with
12.His parents wouldn't let him marry anyone ________ family was poor.
A.of whom B.whom
C.of whose D.whose
13.All ________ is needed is a supply of oil.
A.the thing B.that
C.what D.which
14.All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those ________ in the forest.
A.once they grew B.they grew once
C.that once grew D.once grew
15.We'll call on the man ________ we believe can speak very good English.
A.who B.whom
C.whoever D.which
16.Social customs of America are more like ________ of England than of any other country. A.those B.what
C.which D.that
17.They talked for about an hour of things and persons ________ they remembered in the school.
A.which B.that
C.who D.whom
18.The Great Wall is the last place ________ Mr.Smith is going to visit before he leaves Beijing.
A.where B.which
C./ D.what
19.I'm wondering ________ he expects will win the gold medal in Men's Single.
A.whom B.which
C.who D.what
20.The bread ________ her mother made was much delicious than that ________ you bought at food shops.
A./;which B.that;who
C.which;what D./;/
參考答案
Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)選擇
1.D complete是及物動詞,此題中用被動關(guān)系。綜合運(yùn)用時(shí)態(tài)問題,主句是將來時(shí),從句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
2.A cut down表砍倒,減少,cut off切斷供應(yīng),隔絕,主語是the road,是單數(shù)。
3.C used to do 過去常常,be used to do 表被動關(guān)系,be used to doing 習(xí)慣于。
4.B set fire to sth.放火燒……,catch fire著火,which引導(dǎo)的是非限制性定語從句,修飾the shop,rob some place of sth.搶劫某地為了某物,steal sth.from some place 從某地偷走某物。
5.B be frightened at 由于……而嚇壞了,at與某些形容詞或分詞(angry,delighted,glad,happy,sad,surprised等)連用時(shí),表示引起某種情緒的原因。
6.C the clock struck eight 鐘敲響了八下,敲鐘用strike。
7.A call on 拜訪某人,call at 拜訪某地,call up打電話,時(shí)態(tài)不對。
8.B shake 表 “握手”時(shí),為shake one by the hand= shake one's hand。
9.B used to 表過去常常,反意疑問句用didn't/ usedn't,本題是there be 句型。
10.D struggle to one's feet表 “掙扎地站起來”,是固定短語,leap跳過,跳越,leap to one's feet “突然站起來”。
11.A 聯(lián)系語境,門鈴響了,然后信箱被推開了。the next moment下一刻,for a while 一會兒,in time及時(shí),遲早,at once立刻。
12.A 一場火災(zāi)fire可數(shù),但本題中第一次提出,不特指,put out the fire滅火,特指前文提到的火災(zāi)。
13.C hand out分發(fā),hand in遞交,hand on傳給,hand over交給
14.D 聯(lián)系語境,在藍(lán)天的襯托下,against表襯著。
15.C advanced 作形容詞,表 “先進(jìn)的”,as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,D it應(yīng)用于It is known to all that…。
16.A broken glass打碎的玻璃,過去分詞表示被動關(guān)系或完成,而現(xiàn)在分詞表主動關(guān)系或正在進(jìn)行中,故不用breaking,stop sb.(from) doing 阻止某人做某事。
17.A 把從句補(bǔ)充完整When the museum is completed,當(dāng)從句的主語與主句的主語一致時(shí),可以把從句的主語和be動詞省略,即when completed。
18.B lean against the wall依靠著墻。
19.B 聯(lián)系語境,我無法忍受噪音.stand 表示忍受,一般用于否定句。
20.C 當(dāng)我們小的時(shí)候,媽媽經(jīng)常給我們講故事.used to do 過去經(jīng)常,be used to do表示被動,be used to doing 習(xí)慣于。
21.B C項(xiàng)中enjoy應(yīng)用enjoyed 與were并列,或用enjoying與reading并列。
22.C return表 “歸來”,是不及物動詞,后+ to ,return = go/ come back,因此不能與back連用.再如repeat不能與again連用,favorite/ perfect不能與形容詞的最高級連用。
23.A 聯(lián)系語境,被美景打動了,用strike。
24.C beat表示連續(xù)地敲打,或有節(jié)奏地跳動,hit表示打一下,擊中,strike指突然性或一次性的擊打,雨點(diǎn)打在窗戶上,是連續(xù)不斷地敲打,用beat。
25.B 聯(lián)系語境,此題中must表示 “必須”,反意疑問句用needn't,mustn't表示 “禁止,不準(zhǔn)”,如果must表示推測用法時(shí),應(yīng)根據(jù)具體情況用不同的助動詞。
Ⅱ.完形填空
1.B 根據(jù)上下文，勞動與收成有直接聯(lián)系。
2.C 寒冷與潮濕對莊稼不利。
3.A 根據(jù)上下文，收成不好，大多數(shù)人無法送子女上學(xué)。
4.D 非限制性定語從句，他的父親。
5.C 學(xué)習(xí)法律。
6.A 假期回家。
7.D 根據(jù)上下文，人們要向他請教，所以來拜訪他。
8.B Mr.Morgan對農(nóng)活不懂，人們要問的自然是與他們自己的事務(wù)有關(guān)的事。
9.A Mr.Morgan 熱心腸，樂于助人，be ready to help sb.。
10.D 根據(jù)上下文。
11.B 認(rèn)為自己懂得多。
12.C 根據(jù)上下文。
13.B Mr.Morgan還沒來得及說話，鄰居就開始夸夸其談。
14.D 根據(jù)上下文。
15.A 根據(jù)上下文。
16.C 因?yàn)楸訚M了，Mr.Morgan還不停，所以鄰居很奇怪。
17.B 根據(jù)上下文。
18.A 頭腦中充滿了各種想法。
19.D 根據(jù)上下文。
20.C ask sb.for advice向某人征求建議。
Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò)
1.larger→large 上下文沒有比較含義
2.It's→Its It's 是It is 的縮寫
3.weather→climate 文中需要的是 “氣候”,而weather指天氣
4.在the water前加and
5.在unpleasant 前加an 這里的small 是某一種氣味,可數(shù)
6.with→of be full of 充滿
7.去掉to read 與sit up 并列
8.so→because 根據(jù)上下文表原因
9.alive→living alive作后置定語。
10.在called 前加is 表被動。
Ⅳ.書面表達(dá)
April 15th,2003 Sunny
This morning I saw off my uncle at the Beijing Railway Station.In the waiting room I saw an old lady crying sadly because she had lost her ticket and was not able to buy another one for home. I was thinking about helping her when two PLA men came up to comfort her.Then they bought her a ticket with their own money.The old lady was so moved that she could hardly say a word.She grasped their hands and asked for their names and addresses.But they only smiled and said,“It's our pleasure.We have just done what we should.” Then they left.
What lovely PLA men! I must learn from them to serve the people heart and soul.
Ⅴ.同步語法專項(xiàng)練習(xí)
1.A 把疑問句還原成陳述句 The river ________is very large.定語從句為which flows through that town。
2.C 先行詞the poor man指人,關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語,因此用who/ that,指人時(shí)who比that好。
3.A 聯(lián)系語境,先行詞those指人,這時(shí)關(guān)系代詞用who而不用that。
4.A 定語從句為the woman was my aunt.I thought是插入語,先行詞a woman帶到從句中作主語,用who。
5.A 第一空填for表示目的,第二空中關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語,且指人。
6.C 定語從句為the girl's schoolbag has been stolen.the girl's作定語,修飾schoolbag,關(guān)系代詞用whose。
7.C 先行詞是all,且指事情或事物,關(guān)系代詞that而不用which。
8.C 先行詞前有only修飾,關(guān)系代詞用that。
9.B 謂語動詞do缺賓語,用all作賓語,本題的句子可轉(zhuǎn)換為We should do all to help those in danger.不定式to help those in danger作目的狀語,其中賓語all帶有定語從句that we can do,從句中的引導(dǎo)詞that作賓語省略,因?yàn)榍拔挠昧藙釉~do,故從句中的do省略,因此選B。
10.C 先行詞the doctor帶到定語從句中,構(gòu)成句子the nurse is talking to the doctor,the doctor作介詞to的賓語,可以省略。
11.C 先行詞a child帶到從句中構(gòu)成句子the child's parents are dead,the child's作定語修飾parents,因此用關(guān)系代詞whose。
12.D 先行詞anyone。
13.B 先行詞是all,關(guān)系代詞用that。
14.C 聯(lián)系語境,those代替flowers,將其帶到從句中,flowers once grew in the forest.,grow表示生長時(shí)是不及物動詞,flowers 在從句中作主語,故選C。
15.A we believe作插入語,關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語,且指人。
16.A 這不是定語從句,因此用those代替前文中的customs(是復(fù)數(shù))。
17.B 先行詞是things and persons,指人又指物,關(guān)系代詞用that。
18.C 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作visit的賓語,先行詞place前有l(wèi)ast修飾,用that而不用which,作賓語可以省略。
19.C 此題中引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句,he expects作插入語,賓語從句中缺主語,指人。
20.A 第一部分中關(guān)系代詞作賓語,用that/ which,可以省略。聯(lián)系語境,第二部分中that代替the bread,作先行詞,關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語,用that/ which,可以省略,但因?yàn)橄刃性~是that,為了避免混淆,用which,且不省。