1. balance vt/vi/n balance one’s diet
Lose/ keep one’s balance out of balance 失去平衡
adj balanced a balanced diet
2. bear -- bore --- borne 忍受 + n/ doing bear pain
Bore 出生 All men are born equal.
3. bend vt bend a bow 彎弓
Bend one’s mind to work 專心工作
Vi bend to sb/ sb’s will 屈服于某人的意志
4. be on good terms with sb 與某人關(guān)系好 Be on bad terms with sb .
terms 關(guān)系， 友誼， 地位
They are on familiar terms with each other. 他們彼此很熟悉。
Keep on good terms with sb. 同某人保持友好關(guān)系
5. besides adv 此外 I’m too tired to go, besides, it is too late.
Prep 除--- 之外 He didn’t agree with you except some details.
6. bring back 拿回來(lái) bring back to life. 恢復(fù)生機(jī)
bring about 帶來(lái)， 造成 bring about great changes.
What brought about his illness?
bring down 使倒下，使下降，打倒，擊落
bring down the price /an enemy plane
I’m sure that the medicine will bring your fever down.
bring forth 產(chǎn)生 Weed through the old to bring forth the new. 推沉出新
bring forward 提出， 提議 Bring forward a new design.
bring in 提出， 引進(jìn)， 獲利，收獲
bring out 使顯現(xiàn)， 闡明， 出版， 生產(chǎn)
Bring out the meaning of a passage. 闡明一段文字的意義
bring up 教育， 培養(yǎng)， 養(yǎng)育， 提出（議題等）
7． bother n 麻煩， 困難
Vt 打擾， 麻煩， 使煩惱， 使難受
I’m busy, don’t _____ me.
A. borrow B. bother C. brother D. brook
vi. 擔(dān)心，焦急， 費(fèi)心
Don’t bother about answering this = Don’t bother to answer this.
此信不必回
C
1.call on sb = drop in on sb = visit sb = pay a visit to sb
Call on sb to do sth 號(hào)召某人----
Call at sp = drop in at sp =visit sp
Call for 需要， 要求， 去接某人，去取某物
Call in 請(qǐng)來(lái)，叫來(lái)
Call off 取消， 停止
Call up = ring up 打電話給--- 使回憶起--- The scene called up my childhood.
Call away 叫走
Call back 叫回去， 回電話
Call in 來(lái)訪。 Call in ,or ring us up. 你可以親自來(lái)，也可以打電話來(lái)。
As there was a power cat in the hospital , the surgeon had to _____the operation. A. call for B. call on C. call up D. call off
2． Celebration n 慶祝， 慶典。
V． celebrate 通常指對(duì)節(jié)日， 生日， 勝利， 結(jié)婚的紀(jì)念
They are ______ their grandmother’s seventieth birthday.
A. greeting B. joining C. congratulating D. celebrating
greet 表示致敬， 問(wèn)候等； join 參加，加入
congratulate 祝賀，對(duì)象常指人 congratulate sb on sth 因--祝賀某人。
3。 Central a 中央的，中心的
The prime Minister is the central figure in the government.
首相是政府的中心人物。
n centre/center 中心， 中央（多和the 連用）
The city is the commercial ________ of the whole country.
A. middle B. center
center 可用來(lái)比喻某一方面占據(jù)重要位置 常用 at the center of
middle 通常指事物兩端之間的位置， 常用詞組為in the middle of
4. cheerful 愉快的， 高興的
He is ________ in his mind.
A. cheerful B .merry C. glad 他心情愉快。
cheerful 多指人天性樂(lè)觀， 在任何情況下都保持欣然的態(tài)度
merry 多指在節(jié)日或其他熱鬧場(chǎng)所表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的快樂(lè)情緒
Glad 暫時(shí)的喜悅
v. cheer 振奮， 歡呼，喝彩 cheer up. 高興起來(lái)
５. climate
I would rather live in France because of the _______.
A. weather B. climate
climate 指某地區(qū)的長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的天氣特征，特別是氣溫，降雨，刮風(fēng)等總的氣候情況
weather 指某地區(qū)短時(shí)間內(nèi)的特殊氣候變化，如晴，雨，雪， 暖
６. certain
1) 一種， 一個(gè)，指單數(shù) a Mr Smith = some Mr Smith
2) 某一些 certain students =/ some students
3) 確定， 有把握
Be certain of sth 對(duì)―――有把握
Be certain to do sth 一定要干某事
Sb be certain that / it is certain that
7. charge get / be / become charged
Vt. 1). 使充電，充滿 charge the battery
be charged with = be filled with The bottle is charged with water.
2). 要價(jià)，收費(fèi) charge sb money for ---- 因―― 而收某人的錢。
Ｈe charged me 10 yuan for the book.
3). 控告某人 charge sb with sth The police charged him with driving after drinking.
4). 攻擊。 Ｔhe enemy charged us 3 times.
n. １）費(fèi)用 free of charge 免費(fèi) hotel charges 旅館費(fèi)
２） 管，看管 in charge of ／take charge of 負(fù)責(zé)
in the charge of 由―― 負(fù)責(zé)
8. coast on the coast 在海岸 There are many ships resting on the coast.
Off the coast 在海上 Ｔhere are a number of islands off the coast.
9. comfort
n 1) 安慰，舒適，安逸 （不可數(shù)） She finds much comfort in her son.
2) 給予安慰的人／物，使人舒適的事 （可數(shù)）
The hotel has many comforts.
A cup of hot milk is a comfort in the cols winter night.
3) in comfort We live in comfort.
Vt I tried to comfort him, but I could say nothing.
Adj comfortable The seat is comfortable to sit in.
adv comfortably.
10. conclusion 結(jié)論make/ reach / arrive at/ come to / draw a conclusion 下結(jié)論
11. condition
1) cn 條件，狀況 in /under a good /bad condition(S)
2) conditions 情形，境況
３） 表示身體的健康狀況 （不可數(shù)）
in condition 身體健康 out of condition 身體不好。
in the state of 處于某種狀態(tài)
４） on condition that = if 如果， 在―――的條件下，條件是――
Ｉ will lend the book to you on condition that you don’t lend it to others.
12. continue Vt / vi continue to do sth = doing sth =go on with =go on doing =keep on doing
繼續(xù)做同一件事， go on to do 繼續(xù)做另一件事。
13. conflict n / vi 矛盾，沖突， 有分歧
In conflict 有矛盾，不一致 in conflict with sb 和――有矛盾／分歧
14．contact n 接觸，聯(lián)系
be in contact with 和―― 接觸，有聯(lián)系be out of contact with sb 脫離接觸，失去聯(lián)系
have contact with sb 和―― 有聯(lián)系 lose contact with 和――失去聯(lián)系
15. crazy a
1) be crazy for sth He is crazy for football.
2) be crazy about doing sth 瘋狂干―― He is crazy about drinking .
16. cut off 切掉，切斷， 突然中止
Cut down 砍倒（樹） 削減 cut down on price /smoking
Cut in 插嘴， 突然插入
Cut into 把―― 切成―― ， 侵犯利益
D
1. date back(to )回溯至----
注意： date back to / date from 沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。多用于一般現(xiàn)在式。
date n 約會(huì) Mary has a date with her secretary.
2. debt n債務(wù) in debt 欠債 out of debt 不欠債
In debt to sb= in sb’s debt 欠某人的債 pay off the debt 還清債務(wù)
３．depend on 依靠，信賴， 取決于
１） depend on sb /sth 相信／依靠某人 The price depends on the quality.
depend on sb to do sth 相信某人做某事 We can depend on itto solve the problem.
２）It all depends = That depends on it 看情況而定， 不一定
３）depend on / insist on / ask for / see to it that----
We depend on it that he will come.
4. die down 變?nèi)酰较ⅲА 。◤?qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果）
die away （聲音，光） 漸漸消失，風(fēng)漸漸平息 （強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)程）
die out 滅絕，消失
５. direction n 方向，指導(dǎo)
a poor sense of direction 方向感差
in ---- direction = in the direction of --- 朝著―――的方向
in all directions = in every direction 朝四面八方
under the direction of 在―― 的指導(dǎo)下。
follow the direction 聽(tīng)從指導(dǎo)
6．Divide 分，劃分，分開(kāi)
divide between/among /with sb 在--- 之間分
divide sth into 把---分成 divide the apple into halves/ in two/in half
divide 把整體分為幾部分
separate 把連在一起的或相鄰的分割開(kāi)
The world is divided into 7 continents.
The Tai wan strait separates Taiwan from Fu jian provience.
7. doubt 懷疑，疑惑 adj doubtful 不相信的，可疑的
n no doubt 無(wú)疑地，很可能 beyond a doubt 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)
Vt 懷疑，不信 I don’t doubt that he’ll come.
Vi 懷疑 + of/about He doubt about everything / He doubt of her success.
Doubt 后賓語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)聯(lián)詞的使用
1） 肯定句時(shí)， 名詞從句用whether/if , when ,what 等連接
I doubt whether he’ll come.
2) 疑問(wèn)句否定句時(shí)， 名詞從句用that 連接。
Does any one doubt that it is so? 它原如此，有人懷疑嗎？
I don’t doubt that he will come.
Are you _______of success?
A. dreadful B. doubtful C. historical D. miserable
8. dress up 盛裝， 打扮， 裝飾
1）Dress vt dress sb /oneself 給--- 穿衣服
2）Be dressed in + 衣服，顏色 Dressed in red, he is difficult to recognize.
3) dress up in 穿---來(lái)打扮 People here like dressing up in ancient clothes..
4） dress up as 打扮成---的樣子 The old man dressed up as Santa clause.
5) dress up for He is dressing up for his birthday party.
E
1. educate vt /vi 教育，培養(yǎng)， 訓(xùn)練
1).educate sb in sth 教育某人 在---方面
Parents should educate children in how to spent money.
2).educate sb to do 教育某人做某事
The teacher educates his students to behave well in class.
3) educate oneself 自學(xué)
4）adj educated 受教育的，有教養(yǎng)的
2．endless adj 無(wú)窮的，無(wú)限的
She is a woman with _____ patience.
A. ending B. endless C. enormous D. large
ending 結(jié)局，結(jié)尾 enormous 巨大的，龐大的，多指超過(guò)限度
large 大的，側(cè)重面積，范圍， 容量
2. energy 能量，精力 (不可數(shù)) He has much energy.
1）adj energetic 精力旺盛的，有精力的
2） full of energy 精力充沛 burn up energy 燃燒能量
How much energy do you think you will burp up in the relay race?
Heat is a form of _______. A power B. force C. energy
Power 指電力，功率， 權(quán)力等
Force 指自然力和人力，也指暴力等影響力
3．Exist vi 存在，生存
There exists a kind of power that can make you win.
N existence
People do not now believe in the _____ of ghosts.
A. birth B . evidence C .existence D. occurrence
4. explain n explanation 解釋說(shuō)明
Explain to sb sth (suggest / express/ announce/ say/metion)
Explain oneself = give reasons
Is there any _____ for his conduct?
A. expression B. explanation C. experiment
F
1. faith 信仰，信賴，諾言，信念
have faith in sb/sth 信任某人，某物
have faith that ----
lose one’s faith 失去信心
adj faithful 忠誠(chéng)的 be faithful to sb 對(duì)某人忠誠(chéng)
2. fame 名聲，名望 rise to fame=come to fame 成功，成名
be famous / well-known for nice scenery/ as a writer / to all of us
As is known to us ,------- = It is known that ----
3. fever 發(fā)燒
have /catch a fever/ cold / stomachache/ headache/toothache
4. fasten 栓緊， 抓緊， 使固定
1） fasten---- to --- Fasten the horse to the tree.
2) fasten one’s eyes on 盯著某人看
5. firm adj 動(dòng)作穩(wěn)定而有力的，牢固的
Stand firm 堅(jiān)定立場(chǎng) ， 堅(jiān)定不屈
We firmly believe in your leading.
5. fit vt fit sb vi fit to do sth 適合做某事
adj keep /stay fit 保持健康
be fit for sth/sb
6． Focus n （興趣，活動(dòng)等）中心，焦點(diǎn)
She always wants to be the focus of attention.
In focus 焦點(diǎn)對(duì)準(zhǔn) out of focus 焦點(diǎn)沒(méi)對(duì)準(zhǔn)
Focus one’s attention on sth = fix one’s eyes on sth
All eyes were fixed/focused on him.
7． Fortunately adv 反義 unfortunately
Fortunate adj 幸運(yùn)的 ， 多指由于某種有利的境遇，使人得到未曾預(yù)料到的成功或好的機(jī)遇。
Lucky更加強(qiáng)調(diào)意外或偶然原因而得到成功
He made a ____ decision when he went into adertising.
n fortune 運(yùn)氣， 命運(yùn)，錢財(cái)，財(cái)產(chǎn)
Fortune knocks once at everyone’s door. 機(jī)會(huì)人人有，來(lái)了莫放手
Make a fortune 發(fā)財(cái)
G
1． gain vt 獲得，增加gain/get/win the first prize
gain /earn/make one’s living
n 收獲，增加 No pains, o gains.不勞無(wú)獲
A fall into the pit,a gain in your wit. 吃一塹長(zhǎng)一智
2． Generation 代
From generation to generation /from generation to another
3. gift 禮物，贈(zèng)品；天賦，才能。
The album of paintings in this museum is a __from an old professor.
A. gift B.present C.talent
該博物館的畫集是一位老教授捐贈(zèng)的。
Present與gift都可以做“禮物”講，可互換，但gift有“捐贈(zèng)”。
Gobang:五子棋 Go to ! 去你的的意思。 Gift做“天賦”講時(shí)，與talent意思相近。
4．graduate {vt. 畢業(yè)。主語(yǔ)一般為學(xué)校。
{vi. 畢業(yè) graduate from
{n. 大學(xué)畢業(yè)生
The university graduated 400 students this summer.
今年夏天，這所大學(xué)有400人畢業(yè)。
5．guide n. 導(dǎo)游，向?qū)В改希笇?dǎo)
Vt. 引導(dǎo)，指導(dǎo)。帶領(lǐng)。
It was the government that guided the country through the difficulties ahead.
政府引導(dǎo)全國(guó)人民克服當(dāng)前的困難。
guidance n. 指導(dǎo)。
under the guidance of 在…
6. get through
1).通過(guò)（檢查，測(cè)試，海關(guān)，議案，方案，計(jì)劃）
She got through the examination.
The message got through to us at last.這消息終于送到了我們這兒
Get through with one’s work 完成某人的工作
2） 完成
How long did it take you to get through the letter?
We should get through the work ahead of the deadline.
3)get through on the phone. 接通電話
4）度過(guò)時(shí)間 ，花錢
We got through a fortune while we were on holiday.我們度假花了一大筆錢。
Go through 仔細(xì)檢查，全面考慮，研究；經(jīng)歷
Go through the items one by one. 逐條研究
Go through two stages. 經(jīng)歷兩個(gè)階段。
H
1. handkerchief (pl) ---handkerchieves-handkerchiefs
2. heat
1） n 熱， 熱量，熱烈，壓力a heat of five hundred degrees
2） vt heat --- to 把---加熱到-- Heat the water to 100, it will boil.
3） n heating 供暖設(shè)備
4） adj. heated 熱烈的 a heated discussion.
3. hold up 舉起， 拿起，舉出
1）hold back 阻止 No one can hold back the wheel of history.
Hold sb back from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
2）hold down 壓制，鎮(zhèn)壓。
3）hold in 約束，抑制。 Hold oneself in 抑制自己的感情
4）hold on 電話不掛上
The speaker hold on for a full hour. 演講得人講了整整一小時(shí)
5）hold on to 抓住---不放； 堅(jiān)持
In spite of various difficulities, he held on to the dream of returning to his homeland. 盡管困難重重，他始終沒(méi)有 放棄回到家鄉(xiāng)的夢(mèng)想
6）hold off 不接近，拖延
We hope the rain will hold off till evening.
我們希望這場(chǎng)雨能拖到明天晚上下。
7）hold out 伸出，堅(jiān)持，不屈服
Hold out till victory. 堅(jiān)持到勝利
4． honour
1) 榮譽(yù)，尊敬， 名譽(yù)（不可數(shù)）
2）帶來(lái)榮譽(yù)的人或事；榮幸
He is an honor of this school.
It is an honor for me to be invited to the party.
3) in honor of 紀(jì)念某人/向某人表示敬意
do sb honor= do honor to sb. 向某人表示敬意
4）。 Vt honor sb 向某人致敬
In order to honor him, I gave him some flowers.
5) sb be honored to do sth 很榮幸的做某事
I am honored to introduce Mr Smith.
I
1. imagination n . 想象， beyond the imagination超乎想象
想象力 have a strong/poor imagination
V imagine + n/pron/doing / 名詞性從句
I can’t imagine going there without anybody else.
Adj imaginary 虛構(gòu)的 imaginative 富有想象力的
2.Injury n 傷害，受傷處
receive/suffer an injury 受傷
do an injury to sb= do harm to 傷害某人
adj injured the injured
4. in order 按順序，整齊 （反義） out of order
order vt 1） order sb to do sth 要求某人做某事
2).ordered that ----(should ) do
He ordered that he should return next day. （虛擬）
His orders were to return next day., （虛擬）
3） order sth to be done 要求---被做
n 1). Place an order with sb for sth 和某人訂購(gòu)---
2）order from 從----訂購(gòu)
3） obey/break the order 服從/違背
5. inspire vt 鼓勵(lì)，鼓舞，激發(fā) ，啟示
inspire sb sth 鼓勵(lì)某人
inspire sb to do sth 鼓勵(lì)某人做某事
His life of childhood inspired this novel.
What he said inspired me to cry.
adj inspiring 令人鼓舞的
Inspired 深受鼓舞的
His inspiring speech made us inspired.
6. intend vt 打算，將要
1). Intend sb to do sth Will you intend to stay long in London?
2) Intend to have done sth=had intended to do 本打算做而沒(méi)做
I intended to have called on you, But I had an unexpected visitor.
3). Intend that + should do 傾向于---
We intended that the plan should carry out at once.
4). Sth be intended for 為---準(zhǔn)備，專供---
These flowers were intended for your mother’s day.
k
1.keep up with 追趕，追上。
catch up with 趕上并超過(guò)
keep up 保持，使-不低落 keep up with the spirits.
come up with 提出
L
1． Lean 倚靠，傾斜
lean to/ towards 傾向于某種觀點(diǎn)
He leaned to the view that we started of at once.
lean over 俯身在---上
lean on the table 靠著桌子
lean against the wall. 倚墻
2． Location 地方，位置
locate vt 使---坐落于-位于---
Their new house ___ by the river.他們的新房坐落于河邊
A.lies in B. location C. is located D .is lied
be located = lie
3．lovely 好看的，可愛(ài)的，令人愉快的（口語(yǔ)）
a lovely child / a lovely landscape 明媚的景色
have a lovely afternoon. 過(guò)一個(gè)愉快的下午
live 活的，有生命的 （與dead 相對(duì)）特指動(dòng)物。
lively 活潑的，活躍的，栩栩如生的，生動(dòng)的
The article gave a lively description on South American life.
文章對(duì)南美的生活做了生動(dòng)的描述。
living 活著的
alive 活著的，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播的
4． Light vt light a candle
Vi The wood is hard to light.
Adj lighted a lighted candle.
light up 照亮，容光煥發(fā)，放光
M
1. major
1). 主要的 ，大部分
The major part/ aspect/ person
2). Vi 主修 major in English.
3）專業(yè) I am an English major./ My major is English.
N majority the majority of ---
Compared with the majority, you are lucky.
2. mainly = mostly 主要的，大部分的
Many Europeans are mainly English settlers here.
3. make a good choice
make a fire / make friends with sb/ make noise / make war/ make sure /
make a face /make a face at sb / make fun of
4. make up
1） 組成 5 girls and 6 boys made up the football team.
2） 編造He made up a frightening story to frighten us.
3） = dress up 打扮， 裝扮，化裝
4） Make up for 彌補(bǔ) We should make up for the waste time.
5. make use of 利用
They don’t realize the use we made of the information.
他們沒(méi)有意識(shí)到我們對(duì)信息的利用
They don’t realize the information we made use of.
6. mild 指生來(lái)情緒溫和
gentle 指態(tài)度使人感到和藹可親，意思較mild 強(qiáng)
He could not say no to so many requests because he is a mild person.
對(duì)于眾多的要求他不能說(shuō)“不”，因?yàn)樗莻�(gè)溫和的人
7． Manage 設(shè)法，經(jīng)營(yíng)，對(duì)付
1）. manage =run=operate They managed money well.
2) manage to do =succeed in doing 成功地做了某事
He tried to persuade me to give in, but he didn’t manage to .
3) 與can ,be able to ,could 連用，設(shè)法對(duì)付，設(shè)法辦成
In spite of there is much trouble, they could manage to finish the work on time.
4) n manager 經(jīng)理，經(jīng)營(yíng)者 management 管理，經(jīng)營(yíng)
8． Method with this method / in this way/ by this means
9. minority 少數(shù)的 the minority of
be in the/a minority 少數(shù)派
O
1. occur
1). Happen ,take place, come about ,occur
It occurred to me .
2). 出現(xiàn)，呈現(xiàn)= appear
The plants occurred only in Africa.
3). 浮現(xiàn) A good idea occurred to me.
4). It happened /occurred to sb that 某人突然想起，突然發(fā)現(xiàn)---
It occurred to me that we could ask our neighbors to help us
2. operate
1).vt. 管理，經(jīng)營(yíng)操作
They operated a small company in the south of England.
It is easy to operate the machine.
2). Vi 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，起作用
The medicine operates quickly.
3). Operate on/upon 動(dòng)手術(shù)
The doctor operated on the injured man.
The injured man was operated on by the doctor.
3. opinion (不可數(shù))
1). in one’s opinion = in one’s view
2). have a good/bad /worse opinion of sb.
p
1. pace 一步，速度，步調(diào) He stands five paces behind me.
At the pace of three miles an hour 以每小時(shí)三英里的速度
At a slow/fast speed 走得快/慢
I f we want to keep up with the high pace of modern life ,we had better learn to make the right choices about what and how we eat.
2. part vi/vt 使分開(kāi)/分離
Vi part from sb 與某人分開(kāi)/分離/分手
N 部分；角色，作用； 零件
We are parts of society.
Women are playing an important part in socialist construction.婦女在社會(huì)主義建設(shè)中起著非常重要的作用。
Part with 放棄，出讓 I suggested him to part with the house.
3． pay off 還清債務(wù)
pay for 為某物/某人付錢； 付錢買---； 為-付出代價(jià)
pay back 償還，回報(bào)
pay up 全部付清，按時(shí)還清
One day, you will _____ this foolish behavior.
A. pay B. pay for C. pay back D. pay off
4． Pick up 拾起，撿起；開(kāi)車接某人
Pick out 挑出，辨別出
Pick on sb 挑剔某人
Pick off 摘下
At 7:30, I’ll drive over to ____ you ___ . Please get ready at that time.
A. pick, on B. pick; out C. pick ; up D. pick; off
The signal for help was ______ by another ship which happened to be at hand.
B.
1. balance vt/vi/n balance one’s diet
Lose/ keep one’s balance out of balance 失去平衡
adj balanced a balanced diet
2. bear -- bore --- borne 忍受 + n/ doing bear pain
Bore 出生 All men are born equal.
3. bend vt bend a bow 彎弓
Bend one’s mind to work 專心工作
Vi bend to sb/ sb’s will 屈服于某人的意志
4. be on good terms with sb 與某人關(guān)系好 Be on bad terms with sb .
terms 關(guān)系， 友誼， 地位
They are on familiar terms with each other. 他們彼此很熟悉。
Keep on good terms with sb. 同某人保持友好關(guān)系
5. besides adv 此外 I’m too tired to go, besides, it is too late.
Prep 除--- 之外 He didn’t agree with you except some details.
6. bring back 拿回來(lái) bring back to life. 恢復(fù)生機(jī)
bring about 帶來(lái)， 造成 bring about great changes.
What brought about his illness?
bring down 使倒下，使下降，打倒，擊落
bring down the price /an enemy plane
I’m sure that the medicine will bring your fever down.
bring forth 產(chǎn)生 Weed through the old to bring forth the new. 推沉出新
bring forward 提出， 提議 Bring forward a new design.
bring in 提出， 引進(jìn)， 獲利，收獲
bring out 使顯現(xiàn)， 闡明， 出版， 生產(chǎn)
Bring out the meaning of a passage. 闡明一段文字的意義
bring up 教育， 培養(yǎng)， 養(yǎng)育， 提出（議題等）
7． bother n 麻煩， 困難
Vt 打擾， 麻煩， 使煩惱， 使難受
I’m busy, don’t _____ me.
A. borrow B. bother C. brother D. brook
vi. 擔(dān)心，焦急， 費(fèi)心
Don’t bother about answering this = Don’t bother to answer this.
此信不必回
C
1.call on sb = drop in on sb = visit sb = pay a visit to sb
Call on sb to do sth 號(hào)召某人----
Call at sp = drop in at sp =visit sp
Call for 需要， 要求， 去接某人，去取某物
Call in 請(qǐng)來(lái)，叫來(lái)
Call off 取消， 停止
Call up = ring up 打電話給--- 使回憶起--- The scene called up my childhood.
Call away 叫走
Call back 叫回去， 回電話
Call in 來(lái)訪。 Call in ,or ring us up. 你可以親自來(lái)，也可以打電話來(lái)。
As there was a power cat in the hospital , the surgeon had to _____the operation. A. call for B. call on C. call up D. call off
2． Celebration n 慶祝， 慶典。
V． celebrate 通常指對(duì)節(jié)日， 生日， 勝利， 結(jié)婚的紀(jì)念
They are ______ their grandmother’s seventieth birthday.
A. greeting B. joining C. congratulating D. celebrating
greet 表示致敬， 問(wèn)候等； join 參加，加入
congratulate 祝賀，對(duì)象常指人 congratulate sb on sth 因--祝賀某人。
3。 Central a 中央的，中心的
The prime Minister is the central figure in the government.
首相是政府的中心人物。
n centre/center 中心， 中央（多和the 連用）
The city is the commercial ________ of the whole country.
A. middle B. center
center 可用來(lái)比喻某一方面占據(jù)重要位置 常用 at the center of
middle 通常指事物兩端之間的位置， 常用詞組為in the middle of
4. cheerful 愉快的， 高興的
He is ________ in his mind.
A. cheerful B .merry C. glad 他心情愉快。
cheerful 多指人天性樂(lè)觀， 在任何情況下都保持欣然的態(tài)度
merry 多指在節(jié)日或其他熱鬧場(chǎng)所表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的快樂(lè)情緒
Glad 暫時(shí)的喜悅
v. cheer 振奮， 歡呼，喝彩 cheer up. 高興起來(lái)
５. climate
I would rather live in France because of the _______.
A. weather B. climate
climate 指某地區(qū)的長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的天氣特征，特別是氣溫，降雨，刮風(fēng)等總的氣候情況
weather 指某地區(qū)短時(shí)間內(nèi)的特殊氣候變化，如晴，雨，雪， 暖
６. certain
1) 一種， 一個(gè)，指單數(shù) a Mr Smith = some Mr Smith
2) 某一些 certain students =/ some students
3) 確定， 有把握
Be certain of sth 對(duì)―――有把握
Be certain to do sth 一定要干某事
Sb be certain that / it is certain that
7. charge get / be / become charged
Vt. 1). 使充電，充滿 charge the battery
be charged with = be filled with The bottle is charged with water.
2). 要價(jià)，收費(fèi) charge sb money for ---- 因―― 而收某人的錢。
Ｈe charged me 10 yuan for the book.
3). 控告某人 charge sb with sth The police charged him with driving after drinking.
4). 攻擊。 Ｔhe enemy charged us 3 times.
n. １）費(fèi)用 free of charge 免費(fèi) hotel charges 旅館費(fèi)
２） 管，看管 in charge of ／take charge of 負(fù)責(zé)
in the charge of 由―― 負(fù)責(zé)
8. coast on the coast 在海岸 There are many ships resting on the coast.
Off the coast 在海上 Ｔhere are a number of islands off the coast.
9. comfort
n 1) 安慰，舒適，安逸 （不可數(shù)） She finds much comfort in her son.
2) 給予安慰的人／物，使人舒適的事 （可數(shù)）
The hotel has many comforts.
A cup of hot milk is a comfort in the cols winter night.
3) in comfort We live in comfort.
Vt I tried to comfort him, but I could say nothing.
Adj comfortable The seat is comfortable to sit in.
adv comfortably.
10. conclusion 結(jié)論make/ reach / arrive at/ come to / draw a conclusion 下結(jié)論
11. condition
1) cn 條件，狀況 in /under a good /bad condition(S)
2) conditions 情形，境況
３） 表示身體的健康狀況 （不可數(shù)）
in condition 身體健康 out of condition 身體不好。
in the state of 處于某種狀態(tài)
４） on condition that = if 如果， 在―――的條件下，條件是――
Ｉ will lend the book to you on condition that you don’t lend it to others.
12. continue Vt / vi continue to do sth = doing sth =go on with =go on doing =keep on doing
繼續(xù)做同一件事， go on to do 繼續(xù)做另一件事。
13. conflict n / vi 矛盾，沖突， 有分歧
In conflict 有矛盾，不一致 in conflict with sb 和――有矛盾／分歧
14．contact n 接觸，聯(lián)系
be in contact with 和―― 接觸，有聯(lián)系be out of contact with sb 脫離接觸，失去聯(lián)系
have contact with sb 和―― 有聯(lián)系 lose contact with 和――失去聯(lián)系
15. crazy a
1) be crazy for sth He is crazy for football.
2) be crazy about doing sth 瘋狂干―― He is crazy about drinking .
16. cut off 切掉，切斷， 突然中止
Cut down 砍倒（樹） 削減 cut down on price /smoking
Cut in 插嘴， 突然插入
Cut into 把―― 切成―― ， 侵犯利益
D
1. date back(to )回溯至----
注意： date back to / date from 沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。多用于一般現(xiàn)在式。
date n 約會(huì) Mary has a date with her secretary.
2. debt n債務(wù) in debt 欠債 out of debt 不欠債
In debt to sb= in sb’s debt 欠某人的債 pay off the debt 還清債務(wù)
３．depend on 依靠，信賴， 取決于
１） depend on sb /sth 相信／依靠某人 The price depends on the quality.
depend on sb to do sth 相信某人做某事 We can depend on itto solve the problem.
２）It all depends = That depends on it 看情況而定， 不一定
３）depend on / insist on / ask for / see to it that----
We depend on it that he will come.
4. die down 變?nèi)酰较ⅲА 。◤?qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果）
die away （聲音，光） 漸漸消失，風(fēng)漸漸平息 （強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)程）
die out 滅絕，消失
５. direction n 方向，指導(dǎo)
a poor sense of direction 方向感差
in ---- direction = in the direction of --- 朝著―――的方向
in all directions = in every direction 朝四面八方
under the direction of 在―― 的指導(dǎo)下。
follow the direction 聽(tīng)從指導(dǎo)
6．Divide 分，劃分，分開(kāi)
divide between/among /with sb 在--- 之間分
divide sth into 把---分成 divide the apple into halves/ in two/in half
divide 把整體分為幾部分
separate 把連在一起的或相鄰的分割開(kāi)
The world is divided into 7 continents.
The Tai wan strait separates Taiwan from Fu jian provience.
7. doubt 懷疑，疑惑 adj doubtful 不相信的，可疑的
n no doubt 無(wú)疑地，很可能 beyond a doubt 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)
Vt 懷疑，不信 I don’t doubt that he’ll come.
Vi 懷疑 + of/about He doubt about everything / He doubt of her success.
Doubt 后賓語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)聯(lián)詞的使用
1） 肯定句時(shí)， 名詞從句用whether/if , when ,what 等連接
I doubt whether he’ll come.
2) 疑問(wèn)句否定句時(shí)， 名詞從句用that 連接。
Does any one doubt that it is so? 它原如此，有人懷疑嗎？
I don’t doubt that he will come.
Are you _______of success?
A. dreadful B. doubtful C. historical D. miserable
8. dress up 盛裝， 打扮， 裝飾
1）Dress vt dress sb /oneself 給--- 穿衣服
2）Be dressed in + 衣服，顏色 Dressed in red, he is difficult to recognize.
3) dress up in 穿---來(lái)打扮 People here like dressing up in ancient clothes..
4） dress up as 打扮成---的樣子 The old man dressed up as Santa clause.
5) dress up for He is dressing up for his birthday party.
E
1. educate vt /vi 教育，培養(yǎng)， 訓(xùn)練
1).educate sb in sth 教育某人 在---方面
Parents should educate children in how to spent money.
2).educate sb to do 教育某人做某事
The teacher educates his students to behave well in class.
3) educate oneself 自學(xué)
4）adj educated 受教育的，有教養(yǎng)的
2．endless adj 無(wú)窮的，無(wú)限的
She is a woman with _____ patience.
A. ending B. endless C. enormous D. large
ending 結(jié)局，結(jié)尾 enormous 巨大的，龐大的，多指超過(guò)限度
large 大的，側(cè)重面積，范圍， 容量
2. energy 能量，精力 (不可數(shù)) He has much energy.
1）adj energetic 精力旺盛的，有精力的
2） full of energy 精力充沛 burn up energy 燃燒能量
How much energy do you think you will burp up in the relay race?
Heat is a form of _______. A power B. force C. energy
Power 指電力，功率， 權(quán)力等
Force 指自然力和人力，也指暴力等影響力
3．Exist vi 存在，生存
There exists a kind of power that can make you win.
N existence
People do not now believe in the _____ of ghosts.
A. birth B . evidence C .existence D. occurrence
4. explain n explanation 解釋說(shuō)明
Explain to sb sth (suggest / express/ announce/ say/metion)
Explain oneself = give reasons
Is there any _____ for his conduct?
A. expression B. explanation C. experiment
F
1. faith 信仰，信賴，諾言，信念
have faith in sb/sth 信任某人，某物
have faith that ----
lose one’s faith 失去信心
adj faithful 忠誠(chéng)的 be faithful to sb 對(duì)某人忠誠(chéng)
2. fame 名聲，名望 rise to fame=come to fame 成功，成名
be famous / well-known for nice scenery/ as a writer / to all of us
As is known to us ,------- = It is known that ----
3. fever 發(fā)燒
have /catch a fever/ cold / stomachache/ headache/toothache
4. fasten 栓緊， 抓緊， 使固定
1） fasten---- to --- Fasten the horse to the tree.
2) fasten one’s eyes on 盯著某人看
5. firm adj 動(dòng)作穩(wěn)定而有力的，牢固的
Stand firm 堅(jiān)定立場(chǎng) ， 堅(jiān)定不屈
We firmly believe in your leading.
5. fit vt fit sb vi fit to do sth 適合做某事
adj keep /stay fit 保持健康
be fit for sth/sb
6． Focus n （興趣，活動(dòng)等）中心，焦點(diǎn)
She always wants to be the focus of attention.
In focus 焦點(diǎn)對(duì)準(zhǔn) out of focus 焦點(diǎn)沒(méi)對(duì)準(zhǔn)
Focus one’s attention on sth = fix one’s eyes on sth
All eyes were fixed/focused on him.
7． Fortunately adv 反義 unfortunately
Fortunate adj 幸運(yùn)的 ， 多指由于某種有利的境遇，使人得到未曾預(yù)料到的成功或好的機(jī)遇。
Lucky更加強(qiáng)調(diào)意外或偶然原因而得到成功
He made a ____ decision when he went into adertising.
n fortune 運(yùn)氣， 命運(yùn)，錢財(cái)，財(cái)產(chǎn)
Fortune knocks once at everyone’s door. 機(jī)會(huì)人人有，來(lái)了莫放手
Make a fortune 發(fā)財(cái)
G
1． gain vt 獲得，增加gain/get/win the first prize
gain /earn/make one’s living
n 收獲，增加 No pains, o gains.不勞無(wú)獲
A fall into the pit,a gain in your wit. 吃一塹長(zhǎng)一智
2． Generation 代
From generation to generation /from generation to another
3. gift 禮物，贈(zèng)品；天賦，才能。
The album of paintings in this museum is a __from an old professor.
A. gift B.present C.talent
該博物館的畫集是一位老教授捐贈(zèng)的。
Present與gift都可以做“禮物”講，可互換，但gift有“捐贈(zèng)”。
Gobang:五子棋 Go to ! 去你的的意思。 Gift做“天賦”講時(shí)，與talent意思相近。
4．graduate {vt. 畢業(yè)。主語(yǔ)一般為學(xué)校。
{vi. 畢業(yè) graduate from
{n. 大學(xué)畢業(yè)生
The university graduated 400 students this summer.
今年夏天，這所大學(xué)有400人畢業(yè)。
5．guide n. 導(dǎo)游，向?qū)В改希笇?dǎo)
Vt. 引導(dǎo)，指導(dǎo)。帶領(lǐng)。
It was the government that guided the country through the difficulties ahead.
政府引導(dǎo)全國(guó)人民克服當(dāng)前的困難。
guidance n. 指導(dǎo)。
under the guidance of 在…
6. get through
1).通過(guò)（檢查，測(cè)試，海關(guān)，議案，方案，計(jì)劃）
She got through the examination.
The message got through to us at last.這消息終于送到了我們這兒
Get through with one’s work 完成某人的工作
2） 完成
How long did it take you to get through the letter?
We should get through the work ahead of the deadline.
3)get through on the phone. 接通電話
4）度過(guò)時(shí)間 ，花錢
We got through a fortune while we were on holiday.我們度假花了一大筆錢。
Go through 仔細(xì)檢查，全面考慮，研究；經(jīng)歷
Go through the items one by one. 逐條研究
Go through two stages. 經(jīng)歷兩個(gè)階段。
H
1. handkerchief (pl) ---handkerchieves-handkerchiefs
2. heat
1） n 熱， 熱量，熱烈，壓力a heat of five hundred degrees
2） vt heat --- to 把---加熱到-- Heat the water to 100, it will boil.
3） n heating 供暖設(shè)備
4） adj. heated 熱烈的 a heated discussion.
3. hold up 舉起， 拿起，舉出
1）hold back 阻止 No one can hold back the wheel of history.
Hold sb back from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
2）hold down 壓制，鎮(zhèn)壓。
3）hold in 約束，抑制。 Hold oneself in 抑制自己的感情
4）hold on 電話不掛上
The speaker hold on for a full hour. 演講得人講了整整一小時(shí)
5）hold on to 抓住---不放； 堅(jiān)持
In spite of various difficulities, he held on to the dream of returning to his homeland. 盡管困難重重，他始終沒(méi)有 放棄回到家鄉(xiāng)的夢(mèng)想
6）hold off 不接近，拖延
We hope the rain will hold off till evening.
我們希望這場(chǎng)雨能拖到明天晚上下。
7）hold out 伸出，堅(jiān)持，不屈服
Hold out till victory. 堅(jiān)持到勝利
4． honour
1) 榮譽(yù)，尊敬， 名譽(yù)（不可數(shù)）
2）帶來(lái)榮譽(yù)的人或事；榮幸
He is an honor of this school.
It is an honor for me to be invited to the party.
3) in honor of 紀(jì)念某人/向某人表示敬意
do sb honor= do honor to sb. 向某人表示敬意
4）。 Vt honor sb 向某人致敬
In order to honor him, I gave him some flowers.
5) sb be honored to do sth 很榮幸的做某事
I am honored to introduce Mr Smith.
I
1. imagination n . 想象， beyond the imagination超乎想象
想象力 have a strong/poor imagination
V imagine + n/pron/doing / 名詞性從句
I can’t imagine going there without anybody else.
Adj imaginary 虛構(gòu)的 imaginative 富有想象力的
2.Injury n 傷害，受傷處
receive/suffer an injury 受傷
do an injury to sb= do harm to 傷害某人
adj injured the injured
4. in order 按順序，整齊 （反義） out of order
order vt 1） order sb to do sth 要求某人做某事
2).ordered that ----(should ) do
He ordered that he should return next day. （虛擬）
His orders were to return next day., （虛擬）
3） order sth to be done 要求---被做
n 1). Place an order with sb for sth 和某人訂購(gòu)---
2）order from 從----訂購(gòu)
3） obey/break the order 服從/違背
5. inspire vt 鼓勵(lì)，鼓舞，激發(fā) ，啟示
inspire sb sth 鼓勵(lì)某人
inspire sb to do sth 鼓勵(lì)某人做某事
His life of childhood inspired this novel.
What he said inspired me to cry.
adj inspiring 令人鼓舞的
Inspired 深受鼓舞的
His inspiring speech made us inspired.
6. intend vt 打算，將要
1). Intend sb to do sth Will you intend to stay long in London?
2) Intend to have done sth=had intended to do 本打算做而沒(méi)做
I intended to have called on you, But I had an unexpected visitor.
3). Intend that + should do 傾向于---
We intended that the plan should carry out at once.
4). Sth be intended for 為---準(zhǔn)備，專供---
These flowers were intended for your mother’s day.
k
1.keep up with 追趕，追上。
catch up with 趕上并超過(guò)
keep up 保持，使-不低落 keep up with the spirits.
come up with 提出
L
1． Lean 倚靠，傾斜
lean to/ towards 傾向于某種觀點(diǎn)
He leaned to the view that we started of at once.
lean over 俯身在---上
lean on the table 靠著桌子
lean against the wall. 倚墻
2． Location 地方，位置
locate vt 使---坐落于-位于---
Their new house ___ by the river.他們的新房坐落于河邊
A.lies in B. location C. is located D .is lied
be located = lie
3．lovely 好看的，可愛(ài)的，令人愉快的（口語(yǔ)）
a lovely child / a lovely landscape 明媚的景色
have a lovely afternoon. 過(guò)一個(gè)愉快的下午
live 活的，有生命的 （與dead 相對(duì)）特指動(dòng)物。
lively 活潑的，活躍的，栩栩如生的，生動(dòng)的
The article gave a lively description on South American life.
文章對(duì)南美的生活做了生動(dòng)的描述。
living 活著的
alive 活著的，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播的
4． Light vt light a candle
Vi The wood is hard to light.
Adj lighted a lighted candle.
light up 照亮，容光煥發(fā)，放光
M
1. major
1). 主要的 ，大部分
The major part/ aspect/ person
2). Vi 主修 major in English.
3）專業(yè) I am an English major./ My major is English.
N majority the majority of ---
Compared with the majority, you are lucky.
2. mainly = mostly 主要的，大部分的
Many Europeans are mainly English settlers here.
3. make a good choice
make a fire / make friends with sb/ make noise / make war/ make sure /
make a face /make a face at sb / make fun of
4. make up
1） 組成 5 girls and 6 boys made up the football team.
2） 編造He made up a frightening story to frighten us.
3） = dress up 打扮， 裝扮，化裝
4） Make up for 彌補(bǔ) We should make up for the waste time.
5. make use of 利用
They don’t realize the use we made of the information.
他們沒(méi)有意識(shí)到我們對(duì)信息的利用
They don’t realize the information we made use of.
6. mild 指生來(lái)情緒溫和
gentle 指態(tài)度使人感到和藹可親，意思較mild 強(qiáng)
He could not say no to so many requests because he is a mild person.
對(duì)于眾多的要求他不能說(shuō)“不”，因?yàn)樗莻�(gè)溫和的人
7． Manage 設(shè)法，經(jīng)營(yíng)，對(duì)付
1）. manage =run=operate They managed money well.
2) manage to do =succeed in doing 成功地做了某事
He tried to persuade me to give in, but he didn’t manage to .
3) 與can ,be able to ,could 連用，設(shè)法對(duì)付，設(shè)法辦成
In spite of there is much trouble, they could manage to finish the work on time.
4) n manager 經(jīng)理，經(jīng)營(yíng)者 management 管理，經(jīng)營(yíng)
8． Method with this method / in this way/ by this means
9. minority 少數(shù)的 the minority of
be in the/a minority 少數(shù)派
O
1. occur
1). Happen ,take place, come about ,occur
It occurred to me .
2). 出現(xiàn)，呈現(xiàn)= appear
The plants occurred only in Africa.
3). 浮現(xiàn) A good idea occurred to me.
4). It happened /occurred to sb that 某人突然想起，突然發(fā)現(xiàn)---
It occurred to me that we could ask our neighbors to help us
2. operate
1).vt. 管理，經(jīng)營(yíng)操作
They operated a small company in the south of England.
It is easy to operate the machine.
2). Vi 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，起作用
The medicine operates quickly.
3). Operate on/upon 動(dòng)手術(shù)
The doctor operated on the injured man.
The injured man was operated on by the doctor.
3. opinion (不可數(shù))
1). in one’s opinion = in one’s view
2). have a good/bad /worse opinion of sb.
p
1. pace 一步，速度，步調(diào) He stands five paces behind me.
At the pace of three miles an hour 以每小時(shí)三英里的速度
At a slow/fast speed 走得快/慢
I f we want to keep up with the high pace of modern life ,we had better learn to make the right choices about what and how we eat.
2. part vi/vt 使分開(kāi)/分離
Vi part from sb 與某人分開(kāi)/分離/分手
N 部分；角色，作用； 零件
We are parts of society.
Women are playing an important part in socialist construction.婦女在社會(huì)主義建設(shè)中起著非常重要的作用。
Part with 放棄，出讓 I suggested him to part with the house.
3． pay off 還清債務(wù)
pay for 為某物/某人付錢； 付錢買---； 為-付出代價(jià)
pay back 償還，回報(bào)
pay up 全部付清，按時(shí)還清
One day, you will _____ this foolish behavior.
A. pay B. pay for C. pay back D. pay off
4． Pick up 拾起，撿起；開(kāi)車接某人
Pick out 挑出，辨別出
Pick on sb 挑剔某人
Pick off 摘下
At 7:30, I’ll drive over to ____ you ___ . Please get ready at that time.
A. pick, on B. pick; out C. pick ; up D. pick; off
The signal for help was ______ by another ship which happened to be at hand.
B.
1. balance vt/vi/n balance one’s diet
Lose/ keep one’s balance out of balance 失去平衡
adj balanced a balanced diet
2. bear -- bore --- borne 忍受 + n/ doing bear pain
Bore 出生 All men are born equal.
3. bend vt bend a bow 彎弓
Bend one’s mind to work 專心工作
Vi bend to sb/ sb’s will 屈服于某人的意志
4. be on good terms with sb 與某人關(guān)系好 Be on bad terms with sb .
terms 關(guān)系， 友誼， 地位
They are on familiar terms with each other. 他們彼此很熟悉。
Keep on good terms with sb. 同某人保持友好關(guān)系
5. besides adv 此外 I’m too tired to go, besides, it is too late.
Prep 除--- 之外 He didn’t agree with you except some details.
6. bring back 拿回來(lái) bring back to life. 恢復(fù)生機(jī)
bring about 帶來(lái)， 造成 bring about great changes.
What brought about his illness?
bring down 使倒下，使下降，打倒，擊落
bring down the price /an enemy plane
I’m sure that the medicine will bring your fever down.
bring forth 產(chǎn)生 Weed through the old to bring forth the new. 推沉出新
bring forward 提出， 提議 Bring forward a new design.
bring in 提出， 引進(jìn)， 獲利，收獲
bring out 使顯現(xiàn)， 闡明， 出版， 生產(chǎn)
Bring out the meaning of a passage. 闡明一段文字的意義
bring up 教育， 培養(yǎng)， 養(yǎng)育， 提出（議題等）
7． bother n 麻煩， 困難
Vt 打擾， 麻煩， 使煩惱， 使難受
I’m busy, don’t _____ me.
A. borrow B. bother C. brother D. brook
vi. 擔(dān)心，焦急， 費(fèi)心
Don’t bother about answering this = Don’t bother to answer this.
此信不必回
C
1.call on sb = drop in on sb = visit sb = pay a visit to sb
Call on sb to do sth 號(hào)召某人----
Call at sp = drop in at sp =visit sp
Call for 需要， 要求， 去接某人，去取某物
Call in 請(qǐng)來(lái)，叫來(lái)
Call off 取消， 停止
Call up = ring up 打電話給--- 使回憶起--- The scene called up my childhood.
Call away 叫走
Call back 叫回去， 回電話
Call in 來(lái)訪。 Call in ,or ring us up. 你可以親自來(lái)，也可以打電話來(lái)。
As there was a power cat in the hospital , the surgeon had to _____the operation. A. call for B. call on C. call up D. call off
2． Celebration n 慶祝， 慶典。
V． celebrate 通常指對(duì)節(jié)日， 生日， 勝利， 結(jié)婚的紀(jì)念
They are ______ their grandmother’s seventieth birthday.
A. greeting B. joining C. congratulating D. celebrating
greet 表示致敬， 問(wèn)候等； join 參加，加入
congratulate 祝賀，對(duì)象常指人 congratulate sb on sth 因--祝賀某人。
3。 Central a 中央的，中心的
The prime Minister is the central figure in the government.
首相是政府的中心人物。
n centre/center 中心， 中央（多和the 連用）
The city is the commercial ________ of the whole country.
A. middle B. center
center 可用來(lái)比喻某一方面占據(jù)重要位置 常用 at the center of
middle 通常指事物兩端之間的位置， 常用詞組為in the middle of
4. cheerful 愉快的， 高興的
He is ________ in his mind.
A. cheerful B .merry C. glad 他心情愉快。
cheerful 多指人天性樂(lè)觀， 在任何情況下都保持欣然的態(tài)度
merry 多指在節(jié)日或其他熱鬧場(chǎng)所表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的快樂(lè)情緒
Glad 暫時(shí)的喜悅
v. cheer 振奮， 歡呼，喝彩 cheer up. 高興起來(lái)
５. climate
I would rather live in France because of the _______.
A. weather B. climate
climate 指某地區(qū)的長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的天氣特征，特別是氣溫，降雨，刮風(fēng)等總的氣候情況
weather 指某地區(qū)短時(shí)間內(nèi)的特殊氣候變化，如晴，雨，雪， 暖
６. certain
1) 一種， 一個(gè)，指單數(shù) a Mr Smith = some Mr Smith
2) 某一些 certain students =/ some students
3) 確定， 有把握
Be certain of sth 對(duì)―――有把握
Be certain to do sth 一定要干某事
Sb be certain that / it is certain that
7. charge get / be / become charged
Vt. 1). 使充電，充滿 charge the battery
be charged with = be filled with The bottle is charged with water.
2). 要價(jià)，收費(fèi) charge sb money for ---- 因―― 而收某人的錢。
Ｈe charged me 10 yuan for the book.
3). 控告某人 charge sb with sth The police charged him with driving after drinking.
4). 攻擊。 Ｔhe enemy charged us 3 times.
n. １）費(fèi)用 free of charge 免費(fèi) hotel charges 旅館費(fèi)
２） 管，看管 in charge of ／take charge of 負(fù)責(zé)
in the charge of 由―― 負(fù)責(zé)
8. coast on the coast 在海岸 There are many ships resting on the coast.
Off the coast 在海上 Ｔhere are a number of islands off the coast.
9. comfort
n 1) 安慰，舒適，安逸 （不可數(shù)） She finds much comfort in her son.
2) 給予安慰的人／物，使人舒適的事 （可數(shù)）
The hotel has many comforts.
A cup of hot milk is a comfort in the cols winter night.
3) in comfort We live in comfort.
Vt I tried to comfort him, but I could say nothing.
Adj comfortable The seat is comfortable to sit in.
adv comfortably.
10. conclusion 結(jié)論make/ reach / arrive at/ come to / draw a conclusion 下結(jié)論
11. condition
1) cn 條件，狀況 in /under a good /bad condition(S)
2) conditions 情形，境況
３） 表示身體的健康狀況 （不可數(shù)）
in condition 身體健康 out of condition 身體不好。
in the state of 處于某種狀態(tài)
４） on condition that = if 如果， 在―――的條件下，條件是――
Ｉ will lend the book to you on condition that you don’t lend it to others.
12. continue Vt / vi continue to do sth = doing sth =go on with =go on doing =keep on doing
繼續(xù)做同一件事， go on to do 繼續(xù)做另一件事。
13. conflict n / vi 矛盾，沖突， 有分歧
In conflict 有矛盾，不一致 in conflict with sb 和――有矛盾／分歧
14．contact n 接觸，聯(lián)系
be in contact with 和―― 接觸，有聯(lián)系be out of contact with sb 脫離接觸，失去聯(lián)系
have contact with sb 和―― 有聯(lián)系 lose contact with 和――失去聯(lián)系
15. crazy a
1) be crazy for sth He is crazy for football.
2) be crazy about doing sth 瘋狂干―― He is crazy about drinking .
16. cut off 切掉，切斷， 突然中止
Cut down 砍倒（樹） 削減 cut down on price /smoking
Cut in 插嘴， 突然插入
Cut into 把―― 切成―― ， 侵犯利益
D
1. date back(to )回溯至----
注意： date back to / date from 沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。多用于一般現(xiàn)在式。
date n 約會(huì) Mary has a date with her secretary.
2. debt n債務(wù) in debt 欠債 out of debt 不欠債
In debt to sb= in sb’s debt 欠某人的債 pay off the debt 還清債務(wù)
３．depend on 依靠，信賴， 取決于
１） depend on sb /sth 相信／依靠某人 The price depends on the quality.
depend on sb to do sth 相信某人做某事 We can depend on itto solve the problem.
２）It all depends = That depends on it 看情況而定， 不一定
３）depend on / insist on / ask for / see to it that----
We depend on it that he will come.
4. die down 變?nèi)酰较ⅲА 。◤?qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果）
die away （聲音，光） 漸漸消失，風(fēng)漸漸平息 （強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)程）
die out 滅絕，消失
５. direction n 方向，指導(dǎo)
a poor sense of direction 方向感差
in ---- direction = in the direction of --- 朝著―――的方向
in all directions = in every direction 朝四面八方
under the direction of 在―― 的指導(dǎo)下。
follow the direction 聽(tīng)從指導(dǎo)
6．Divide 分，劃分，分開(kāi)
divide between/among /with sb 在--- 之間分
divide sth into 把---分成 divide the apple into halves/ in two/in half
divide 把整體分為幾部分
separate 把連在一起的或相鄰的分割開(kāi)
The world is divided into 7 continents.
The Tai wan strait separates Taiwan from Fu jian provience.
7. doubt 懷疑，疑惑 adj doubtful 不相信的，可疑的
n no doubt 無(wú)疑地，很可能 beyond a doubt 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)
Vt 懷疑，不信 I don’t doubt that he’ll come.
Vi 懷疑 + of/about He doubt about everything / He doubt of her success.
Doubt 后賓語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)聯(lián)詞的使用
1） 肯定句時(shí)， 名詞從句用whether/if , when ,what 等連接
I doubt whether he’ll come.
2) 疑問(wèn)句否定句時(shí)， 名詞從句用that 連接。
Does any one doubt that it is so? 它原如此，有人懷疑嗎？
I don’t doubt that he will come.
Are you _______of success?
A. dreadful B. doubtful C. historical D. miserable
8. dress up 盛裝， 打扮， 裝飾
1）Dress vt dress sb /oneself 給--- 穿衣服
2）Be dressed in + 衣服，顏色 Dressed in red, he is difficult to recognize.
3) dress up in 穿---來(lái)打扮 People here like dressing up in ancient clothes..
4） dress up as 打扮成---的樣子 The old man dressed up as Santa clause.
5) dress up for He is dressing up for his birthday party.
E
1. educate vt /vi 教育，培養(yǎng)， 訓(xùn)練
1).educate sb in sth 教育某人 在---方面
Parents should educate children in how to spent money.
2).educate sb to do 教育某人做某事
The teacher educates his students to behave well in class.
3) educate oneself 自學(xué)
4）adj educated 受教育的，有教養(yǎng)的
2．endless adj 無(wú)窮的，無(wú)限的
She is a woman with _____ patience.
A. ending B. endless C. enormous D. large
ending 結(jié)局，結(jié)尾 enormous 巨大的，龐大的，多指超過(guò)限度
large 大的，側(cè)重面積，范圍， 容量
2. energy 能量，精力 (不可數(shù)) He has much energy.
1）adj energetic 精力旺盛的，有精力的
2） full of energy 精力充沛 burn up energy 燃燒能量
How much energy do you think you will burp up in the relay race?
Heat is a form of _______. A power B. force C. energy
Power 指電力，功率， 權(quán)力等
Force 指自然力和人力，也指暴力等影響力
3．Exist vi 存在，生存
There exists a kind of power that can make you win.
N existence
People do not now believe in the _____ of ghosts.
A. birth B . evidence C .existence D. occurrence
4. explain n explanation 解釋說(shuō)明
Explain to sb sth (suggest / express/ announce/ say/metion)
Explain oneself = give reasons
Is there any _____ for his conduct?
A. expression B. explanation C. experiment
F
1. faith 信仰，信賴，諾言，信念
have faith in sb/sth 信任某人，某物
have faith that ----
lose one’s faith 失去信心
adj faithful 忠誠(chéng)的 be faithful to sb 對(duì)某人忠誠(chéng)
2. fame 名聲，名望 rise to fame=come to fame 成功，成名
be famous / well-known for nice scenery/ as a writer / to all of us
As is known to us ,------- = It is known that ----
3. fever 發(fā)燒
have /catch a fever/ cold / stomachache/ headache/toothache
4. fasten 栓緊， 抓緊， 使固定
1） fasten---- to --- Fasten the horse to the tree.
2) fasten one’s eyes on 盯著某人看
5. firm adj 動(dòng)作穩(wěn)定而有力的，牢固的
Stand firm 堅(jiān)定立場(chǎng) ， 堅(jiān)定不屈
We firmly believe in your leading.
5. fit vt fit sb vi fit to do sth 適合做某事
adj keep /stay fit 保持健康
be fit for sth/sb
6． Focus n （興趣，活動(dòng)等）中心，焦點(diǎn)
She always wants to be the focus of attention.
In focus 焦點(diǎn)對(duì)準(zhǔn) out of focus 焦點(diǎn)沒(méi)對(duì)準(zhǔn)
Focus one’s attention on sth = fix one’s eyes on sth
All eyes were fixed/focused on him.
7． Fortunately adv 反義 unfortunately
Fortunate adj 幸運(yùn)的 ， 多指由于某種有利的境遇，使人得到未曾預(yù)料到的成功或好的機(jī)遇。
Lucky更加強(qiáng)調(diào)意外或偶然原因而得到成功
He made a ____ decision when he went into adertising.
n fortune 運(yùn)氣， 命運(yùn)，錢財(cái)，財(cái)產(chǎn)
Fortune knocks once at everyone’s door. 機(jī)會(huì)人人有，來(lái)了莫放手
Make a fortune 發(fā)財(cái)
G
1． gain vt 獲得，增加gain/get/win the first prize
gain /earn/make one’s living
n 收獲，增加 No pains, o gains.不勞無(wú)獲
A fall into the pit,a gain in your wit. 吃一塹長(zhǎng)一智
2． Generation 代
From generation to generation /from generation to another
3. gift 禮物，贈(zèng)品；天賦，才能。
The album of paintings in this museum is a __from an old professor.
A. gift B.present C.talent
該博物館的畫集是一位老教授捐贈(zèng)的。
Present與gift都可以做“禮物”講，可互換，但gift有“捐贈(zèng)”。
Gobang:五子棋 Go to ! 去你的的意思。 Gift做“天賦”講時(shí)，與talent意思相近。
4．graduate {vt. 畢業(yè)。主語(yǔ)一般為學(xué)校。
{vi. 畢業(yè) graduate from
{n. 大學(xué)畢業(yè)生
The university graduated 400 students this summer.
今年夏天，這所大學(xué)有400人畢業(yè)。
5．guide n. 導(dǎo)游，向?qū)В改希笇?dǎo)
Vt. 引導(dǎo)，指導(dǎo)。帶領(lǐng)。
It was the government that guided the country through the difficulties ahead.
政府引導(dǎo)全國(guó)人民克服當(dāng)前的困難。
guidance n. 指導(dǎo)。
under the guidance of 在…
6. get through
1).通過(guò)（檢查，測(cè)試，海關(guān)，議案，方案，計(jì)劃）
She got through the examination.
The message got through to us at last.這消息終于送到了我們這兒
Get through with one’s work 完成某人的工作
2） 完成
How long did it take you to get through the letter?
We should get through the work ahead of the deadline.
3)get through on the phone. 接通電話
4）度過(guò)時(shí)間 ，花錢
We got through a fortune while we were on holiday.我們度假花了一大筆錢。
Go through 仔細(xì)檢查，全面考慮，研究；經(jīng)歷
Go through the items one by one. 逐條研究
Go through two stages. 經(jīng)歷兩個(gè)階段。
H
1. handkerchief (pl) ---handkerchieves-handkerchiefs
2. heat
1） n 熱， 熱量，熱烈，壓力a heat of five hundred degrees
2） vt heat --- to 把---加熱到-- Heat the water to 100, it will boil.
3） n heating 供暖設(shè)備
4） adj. heated 熱烈的 a heated discussion.
3. hold up 舉起， 拿起，舉出
1）hold back 阻止 No one can hold back the wheel of history.
Hold sb back from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
2）hold down 壓制，鎮(zhèn)壓。
3）hold in 約束，抑制。 Hold oneself in 抑制自己的感情
4）hold on 電話不掛上
The speaker hold on for a full hour. 演講得人講了整整一小時(shí)
5）hold on to 抓住---不放； 堅(jiān)持
In spite of various difficulities, he held on to the dream of returning to his homeland. 盡管困難重重，他始終沒(méi)有 放棄回到家鄉(xiāng)的夢(mèng)想
6）hold off 不接近，拖延
We hope the rain will hold off till evening.
我們希望這場(chǎng)雨能拖到明天晚上下。
7）hold out 伸出，堅(jiān)持，不屈服
Hold out till victory. 堅(jiān)持到勝利
4． honour
1) 榮譽(yù)，尊敬， 名譽(yù)（不可數(shù)）
2）帶來(lái)榮譽(yù)的人或事；榮幸
He is an honor of this school.
It is an honor for me to be invited to the party.
3) in honor of 紀(jì)念某人/向某人表示敬意
do sb honor= do honor to sb. 向某人表示敬意
4）。 Vt honor sb 向某人致敬
In order to honor him, I gave him some flowers.
5) sb be honored to do sth 很榮幸的做某事
I am honored to introduce Mr Smith.
I
1. imagination n . 想象， beyond the imagination超乎想象
想象力 have a strong/poor imagination
V imagine + n/pron/doing / 名詞性從句
I can’t imagine going there without anybody else.
Adj imaginary 虛構(gòu)的 imaginative 富有想象力的
2.Injury n 傷害，受傷處
receive/suffer an injury 受傷
do an injury to sb= do harm to 傷害某人
adj injured the injured
4. in order 按順序，整齊 （反義） out of order
order vt 1） order sb to do sth 要求某人做某事
2).ordered that ----(should ) do
He ordered that he should return next day. （虛擬）
His orders were to return next day., （虛擬）
3） order sth to be done 要求---被做
n 1). Place an order with sb for sth 和某人訂購(gòu)---
2）order from 從----訂購(gòu)
3） obey/break the order 服從/違背
5. inspire vt 鼓勵(lì)，鼓舞，激發(fā) ，啟示
inspire sb sth 鼓勵(lì)某人
inspire sb to do sth 鼓勵(lì)某人做某事
His life of childhood inspired this novel.
What he said inspired me to cry.
adj inspiring 令人鼓舞的
Inspired 深受鼓舞的
His inspiring speech made us inspired.
6. intend vt 打算，將要
1). Intend sb to do sth Will you intend to stay long in London?
2) Intend to have done sth=had intended to do 本打算做而沒(méi)做
I intended to have called on you, But I had an unexpected visitor.
3). Intend that + should do 傾向于---
We intended that the plan should carry out at once.
4). Sth be intended for 為---準(zhǔn)備，專供---
These flowers were intended for your mother’s day.
k
1.keep up with 追趕，追上。
catch up with 趕上并超過(guò)
keep up 保持，使-不低落 keep up with the spirits.
come up with 提出
L
1． Lean 倚靠，傾斜
lean to/ towards 傾向于某種觀點(diǎn)
He leaned to the view that we started of at once.
lean over 俯身在---上
lean on the table 靠著桌子
lean against the wall. 倚墻
2． Location 地方，位置
locate vt 使---坐落于-位于---
Their new house ___ by the river.他們的新房坐落于河邊
A.lies in B. location C. is located D .is lied
be located = lie
3．lovely 好看的，可愛(ài)的，令人愉快的（口語(yǔ)）
a lovely child / a lovely landscape 明媚的景色
have a lovely afternoon. 過(guò)一個(gè)愉快的下午
live 活的，有生命的 （與dead 相對(duì)）特指動(dòng)物。
lively 活潑的，活躍的，栩栩如生的，生動(dòng)的
The article gave a lively description on South American life.
文章對(duì)南美的生活做了生動(dòng)的描述。
living 活著的
alive 活著的，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播的
4． Light vt light a candle
Vi The wood is hard to light.
Adj lighted a lighted candle.
light up 照亮，容光煥發(fā)，放光
M
1. major
1). 主要的 ，大部分
The major part/ aspect/ person
2). Vi 主修 major in English.
3）專業(yè) I am an English major./ My major is English.
N majority the majority of ---
Compared with the majority, you are lucky.
2. mainly = mostly 主要的，大部分的
Many Europeans are mainly English settlers here.
3. make a good choice
make a fire / make friends with sb/ make noise / make war/ make sure /
make a face /make a face at sb / make fun of
4. make up
1） 組成 5 girls and 6 boys made up the football team.
2） 編造He made up a frightening story to frighten us.
3） = dress up 打扮， 裝扮，化裝
4） Make up for 彌補(bǔ) We should make up for the waste time.
5. make use of 利用
They don’t realize the use we made of the information.
他們沒(méi)有意識(shí)到我們對(duì)信息的利用
They don’t realize the information we made use of.
6. mild 指生來(lái)情緒溫和
gentle 指態(tài)度使人感到和藹可親，意思較mild 強(qiáng)
He could not say no to so many requests because he is a mild person.
對(duì)于眾多的要求他不能說(shuō)“不”，因?yàn)樗莻�(gè)溫和的人
7． Manage 設(shè)法，經(jīng)營(yíng)，對(duì)付
1）. manage =run=operate They managed money well.
2) manage to do =succeed in doing 成功地做了某事
He tried to persuade me to give in, but he didn’t manage to .
3) 與can ,be able to ,could 連用，設(shè)法對(duì)付，設(shè)法辦成
In spite of there is much trouble, they could manage to finish the work on time.
4) n manager 經(jīng)理，經(jīng)營(yíng)者 management 管理，經(jīng)營(yíng)
8． Method with this method / in this way/ by this means
9. minority 少數(shù)的 the minority of
be in the/a minority 少數(shù)派
O
1. occur
1). Happen ,take place, come about ,occur
It occurred to me .
2). 出現(xiàn)，呈現(xiàn)= appear
The plants occurred only in Africa.
3). 浮現(xiàn) A good idea occurred to me.
4). It happened /occurred to sb that 某人突然想起，突然發(fā)現(xiàn)---
It occurred to me that we could ask our neighbors to help us
2. operate
1).vt. 管理，經(jīng)營(yíng)操作
They operated a small company in the south of England.
It is easy to operate the machine.
2). Vi 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，起作用
The medicine operates quickly.
3). Operate on/upon 動(dòng)手術(shù)
The doctor operated on the injured man.
The injured man was operated on by the doctor.
3. opinion (不可數(shù))
1). in one’s opinion = in one’s view
2). have a good/bad /worse opinion of sb.
p
1. pace 一步，速度，步調(diào) He stands five paces behind me.
At the pace of three miles an hour 以每小時(shí)三英里的速度
At a slow/fast speed 走得快/慢
I f we want to keep up with the high pace of modern life ,we had better learn to make the right choices about what and how we eat.
2. part vi/vt 使分開(kāi)/分離
Vi part from sb 與某人分開(kāi)/分離/分手
N 部分；角色，作用； 零件
We are parts of society.
Women are playing an important part in socialist construction.婦女在社會(huì)主義建設(shè)中起著非常重要的作用。
Part with 放棄，出讓 I suggested him to part with the house.
3． pay off 還清債務(wù)
pay for 為某物/某人付錢； 付錢買---； 為-付出代價(jià)
pay back 償還，回報(bào)
pay up 全部付清，按時(shí)還清
One day, you will _____ this foolish behavior.
A. pay B. pay for C. pay back D. pay off
4． Pick up 拾起，撿起；開(kāi)車接某人
Pick out 挑出，辨別出
Pick on sb 挑剔某人
Pick off 摘下
At 7:30, I’ll drive over to ____ you ___ . Please get ready at that time.
A. pick, on B. pick; out C. pick ; up D. pick; off
The signal for help was ______ by another ship which happened to be at hand