【交際用語】
1．征求對方對某事、某人或某物的客觀或主觀看法
常用句型：
What’s．…like？ What do you think of．．．？
How do you like．…？ What／How about．…？
What’s your position on．．．？ What’s your opinion of．．．？
How do you feel about．…？
2．回答對方對某事、某人或某物的客觀或主觀看法
It’s．．． ． That’s a good idea．
I’m afraid I…
如：
-How about going to the cinema？去電影院如何？
-l’m afraid I cant go with you．I have a lot of homework to do＇
恐怕我不能和你去，我有許多家庭作業(yè)要做。
-What do you think of the book？你認為這書怎么樣？
＿It’s interesting．很有趣。
-What’s the weather like today？今天天氣怎么樣？
＿It’srainy有雨。
3.征求對方的忠告或意見
Can I ask you for some advice？ What can you suggest？
What can I do before。．。？
4.回答對方的忠告或意見
I suggest that．．． Maybe it would be better to．…
Personally， I think．．． from my point of view，I think．…
As far as I am concerned，…， I reckon(估計) that．．．
You should．．。 You had better…
如：
-I want to go there alone．What can you suggest？我想單獨去那兒，你以為如何？
-I suggest that you should not go there alone，我建議你不要單獨去那兒。
-What should we do to protect the rich soil？為了保護肥沃的土壤，我們該做什么？
-We should plant more trees．我們要多植樹。
sample dialogues:
B: Hi, Xiao Yu. Can I ask you for some advice?
A: Sure. What's your problem?
B: You know I love dancing. I want to dance, but I am not sure what song I should play.
A: Hmm. Well. do you want to dance to a slow song or a fast song?
B: A fast song, I think. I like to move around.
A: In that case, I think it would be better to play a pop song. There arc many pops songs that are
fast and fun to dance to.
B: Good idea! But Iherc are so many pop stars, which song should I choose?
A: How about I Have Nothing by Cai Jian?
B: OK, 1'11 try that one. Thank you.
A: You're welcome. Oh, by the way, may I dance with you?
2 A: Hi, this is John. Mike told me that you needed somc advice.
B: Hi, John. I am so glad you called. Yes, I do need your advice. The class has asked me to pick a special song that will represent our class. It has to be a song lhat everybody likes and that shows the spirit of our class. Can you help me?
A: Hmm, that sounds difficult, bul I'll try. First of all, let's think about what kind of music your classmates like.
B: Well, many students like hip-hop. Maybe we should pick a hip-hop song?
A: OK. What about the lyrics? What should the song be about?
B: I suggest it should be about peace and friendship.
A: Great. Let's ask Doris if she knows any good songs.
II.Key points
1.listening and speaking
1>practising giving advice and making suggestions.
◆Practice. vi/vt 實踐；練習
[注意]practise doing sth 練習做某事
[舉例]Whenever possible，we should practice speaking English.
After he practiced hard for one month, he made great progress in oral English.
◆practice n. 練習;實踐
eg. Practice makes perfect.
◆practical a. 實際的;實用的
eg. The ordinary school cannot give much practical training in living, because most of the students time is spent in classes, studying lessons.
◆practiced a. 熟練的;精通的
eg.It needs a lot of tie and diligence in order to have a practiced skill. suggestion
◆suggesrion
[搭配]make/give some suggestions
◆suggest vt.建議(后接動名詞短語或賓語從句); 暗示
[注意]建議的內(nèi)容在以suggestion的同位語從句,表語從句等以及suggest的賓語從句形式出現(xiàn)時,從句用虛擬語氣形式. 其基本構(gòu)成為should+動詞原型,should可省略.
[舉例]My suggestion is that we should add some sand to the soil.
We suggested the work be done at once.
I suggest holding a meeting to discuss the problem.
2>Where do you think the music comes from？你認為送音樂來自何處？
◆do you think為插人語，類似動詞常見的有know，believe，suppose等。如：
①When do you suppose they’ll be back？你認為他們會在什么時候回來？
②What do you think I should do then？你認為我應當怎樣做呢？
◆以上例句中的插入語采用了疑問形式，所以后面的句子不再倒裝，而有些句子的插入語對整個句子的結(jié)構(gòu)不產(chǎn)生影響。如：
③What do you believe has happened to him？你認為他出了什么事？
④What do you suppose should be done to people who are caught stealing？
發(fā)現(xiàn)有人在偷東西的時候，你認為應當如何處置？
◆帶有插入語時，疑問詞應置于插人語前。如：
⑤Choose the one answer（A、B、C or D）which you think is correct in the following sentence在下列句子里選擇一個你認為正確的答案。
Take turns asking for and giving advice
◆advice為不可數(shù)名詞，可用some，much，a little，a piece of，pieces of等修飾，不能說an advice或many advices，與advice搭配的動詞有g(shù)ive（提出），ask for（征求）等，表示“有關(guān)……的建議”，可用介詞on接名詞，代詞或由疑問代詞，疑問副詞引導的不定式。如：
①Mr Smith gave us some good advice on the study of physics．
史密斯先生就物理學習問題給我們提了些好的建議。
② the advice given is really worth paying attention to．所提的建議確實使得重視！
③You’d better take／follow his advice on how to make the plan．
關(guān)于如何制定計劃，你最好采納他的建議！
④）When I have diff1culty in doing anything，I will ask my father for advice
每當我做事情遇到困難時，我往往向我的父親求教b
⑤ Let’s ask for his advice on what to do next
我們?nèi)フ髑笠幌滤囊庖娤乱徊皆撛趺崔k。
◆on one’s advice表示“按照某人的建議” 或“聽從某人的建議”，如：
⑥You should act on the teacher’s advice你應該按照老師的建議行事＇
⑦on the doctor’s advice ,he gave up smoking聽了醫(yī)生的建議，他戒煙了！
⑧That was done on my advice那是按照我的建議執(zhí)行的b
◆當advice后面接that同位語從句表示建議的具體內(nèi)容時．that從句中用should十動詞原形。
⑨His advice that we should stay another day for further information was reasonable
他要求我們再呆一天以等待更進一步消息的建議是有道理的
You want to buy a CD for your friend’s birthday but you are not sure what to buy。
你想為朋友的生日買一張CD，但你拿不準該買什么。
◆be sure后可接不定式及從句．如：
①John is sure to pass the exam約翰一定能通過考試。
②He is sure that the party will be a success 他確信這次聚會能獲得成功
◆be sure后接名詞、代詞、動名詞時需用介詞of或 about．如：
③You may be sure of his honesty
④I think he lives at No．23 West St. but I’m not sure about the number.
◆be sure to do /be sure of doing
John is sure to pass the exam
John is sure of passing the exam
◆be not sure 后常用whether/if，what，when，where等引起從句，有時也用that如：
⑤I’m not sure whether／if he will come to see me，我拿不準他是否會來看我。
⑥I was not sure what I ought to do我拿不準該干什么。
⑦She is not sure why he wants it．她拿不準他為什么想要它。
⑧She was not so sure now that it was a dog現(xiàn)在她不太肯定那是條狗了。
◆sure與certain
certain一般可與sure換用。但在it is certain that…中不用sure，如：
⑨It is certain that our team will win the game，
我們隊肯定能贏得這場比賽。（不用sure）
◆what to buy為疑問詞加不定式的結(jié)構(gòu)，疑問詞在不定式中作成分．What, which．who
等作賓語，而when，where , how等作狀語。如：
⑩I don’t know who（m）to speak to我不知道該跟誰講話：
⑾We can’t decide where to go for our holidays我們不能決定做期去哪里←
⑿You must decide which one to buy你必須決定買哪一個。
⒀I don’t know whether to answer it．我不知道是否需要回答t
◆以上結(jié)構(gòu)相當于一個帶should的賓語從句。如：
⒁I don’t know what to say＝I don’t know what I should say. 我不知道該說什么
What do you have in mind？你心里在想什么？
◆have sth．／sb，in mind意為心中想著（某人／某事）’含 mind的短語有：chang one’s mind“改變主意”；be in one’s mind有……的想法、想念”；have／there is sth on one’s mind有……心事”；keep in mind記住：make up one’s mind“打定主意．
決定”：read one’s mind“看出……的心事,知道……在想什么”；。out of sight,out of mind “眼不見為凈”等.
◆mind還可作動詞，意為“當心，介意，注意，照看”等 例如：
Mind your own business少管閑事i
Mind your manners．Peter！彼得，注意禮貌！
4>You want to find a good song to dance to.
dance to...
[用法]伴著...跳舞
[聯(lián)想]sing to...伴著...唱歌
[舉例]dance to rock music 合著搖擺舞曲跳舞
sing to the piano 鋼琴伴唱
5>Have you considered doing...?
consider doing
[用法]考慮做某事
[聯(lián)想]consider的其他用法
consider...(as/to be)... 認為...是...;把...看作...
consider...to have done 認為...做過(了)...
considering... 介詞,考慮到
2.reading
1>What we hear on the radio or see on TV is only a small part of all the wonderful music that is waiting for us。
我們在廣播中聽到或在電視上看到的僅是等待我們的所有神奇音樂中的小部分。
◆辨析：a part of，part of，和（a）great part of
part of前面加a或不加a都可以，只是含義略有不同。part of something是“某物的一部分”，這個部分可大可小，可能超過一半或不到一半或僅占一份。a part of something則是“某物的一小部分”。a great part of和great part of含義完全相同，意 為“一大部分”，但不一定達到半數(shù)以上。如果達到半數(shù)以上，最好用the greater part of。
①The Arctic is considered to be a part of the Atlantic．北冰洋被認為是大西洋的一部分。
②We are all part of one big family．我們都是一個大家庭的成員。
③He spends（a）great part of his spare time studying law。
他的業(yè)余時間一大部分用來研究法律。
◆part作動詞時，vt／vi．意思是“（使某人）離開或某人分離”。
④I hope we can part as friends．希望我們能像朋友般和氣分手。
⑤They exchanged a final kiss before parting。他們最后互相親吻而分離。
◆vt／vi“分開，分成部分”。
⑥Her lips parted in a smile．她綻唇微笑。
⑦The police parted the crowd．警察驅(qū)散人群。
⑧The crowd parted to let them through．人群分開好讓他們通過。
⑨The cloud paned and the sun shone through．云開日出。
2>Here is a brief look at some of the exciting musical styles from another world.
◆excitinga. 令人興奮的;激動人心的
◆excited a. 感到興奮的;激動的 excite vt. 使...興奮;使...激動
excitement n. 興奮;激動 excitedly adv.興奮地;激動地
eg: The dance seemed to excite the surrounding bees.
The excited girls were now opening their Christmas gifts.
There was excitement everywhere when the news came that we had won the first prize.
◆Style n. 風格,作風; 文體;文風;語調(diào);(衣服等的)流行款式;(商品等的)種類,型,式樣
eg:The letter is written in a formal style. 這封信以正式文體寫成。
3>Blues music has a long history。布魯斯音樂有很長的歷史。
◆history單純表示“歷史”或指歷史這門課時，是不可數(shù)名詞，而在指一段、一種歷史時可加不定冠詞。如：
①At one time in history，all this land belonged to the king．
歷史上所有這些土地曾一度屬于國王。
②History is full of things like that．歷史上充滿了那樣的事情。
③there have been many changes in the historyof the English language.
英語的歷史中有過許多變化。
④There is a long history behind that building．那座建筑物的背后有著悠久的歷史。
◆history表示“歷史書，歷史性的書”時，是可數(shù)名詞。如：
⑤They are writing a new history of Africa．他們正在寫一本有關(guān)非洲的新歷史書。
4>...,but music has kept many of its characteristics.
◆Characteristic a. 特有的,獨特的;典型的;表示特性的[(+of)]
n. 特性,特征,特色
eg: Urban inhabitants have to live with the characteristic noises of cities.
城市居民不得不忍受都市特有的喧囂。
It is their distinguishing characteristic. 這是他們與眾不同的特征。
5>other musical styles，like jazz and rock music，have all come from blues music。
其他音樂風格，如爵士樂和搖滾樂，都來自布魯斯音樂。
◆辨析：other，another，others，the other，the others
（1）other意為“其他的”，數(shù)量不確定。常與some相對。如：
①When winter comes，some birds fly to the south；other birds stay．
冬天到來時，有些鳥兒飛去南方，其他的留下來。
②I’m busy now，please ask me about it some other time．
我現(xiàn)在正忙，請另找個時間問我此事的情況。
注意：other 修飾復數(shù)名詞，可以換成others，如①中的other birds可以換成others
（2）the other用于修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或修飾復數(shù)名詞，也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞，表示確
定的數(shù)量。如：
③The other students in the class keep their eyes closed．班上其余的學生閉著眼睛。
④Show me the other hand．把另一只手拿給我看看。
注意：the other修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,可單獨使用，修飾復數(shù)名詞，可以換成the others，但other本身不能單獨使用
（3）another等于one other，表示不確定的另外一個，可以單獨用，也可修飾名詞，并且
只能修飾可數(shù)名詞。如：
③I don，t like this one，please show me another．
我不喜歡這個，請給我拿另一個看看。
another也可修飾復數(shù)名詞，意為“另外的”。如：
⑥There’s room for another few people in the back of the bus.
這輛公共汽車的后邊還能坐下幾個人。
6>Today s American culture contains many different musical styles.
◆Contain vt. 包含;容納
eg: The jar contains ten glasses of water.這只大口瓶能裝十杯水。
The pill contains vitamins. 這藥丸中含有多種維生素。
7>Hip-hop and rap have much in common with blues and rock.
◆have much in common有很多共同之處,意同have a lot in common
[聯(lián)想]have nothing in common 無共同之處
eg: We are good friends because we have many things in common.
It is strange that these two girls should having nothing in common.
8>Latin music has spread all over the world.
◆spread v. 傳播;散布;使伸展
[注意]過去式,過去分詞和原形相同
[舉例] If I tell you the secret, don’ t spread it aroung.
The fire soon spread through the whole of the town
I spread my arms as far apart as I could. 我盡可能地將雙臂伸展開
9>There is a wide variety of new music to be discovered in every corner of the world.
◆variety n.多樣化,變化; 種種;種類
eg: What other ways do you know to add variety? 你知道其他增加變化的方法嗎?
People like to live a life full of variety. 人們喜歡過豐富多彩的生活。
10>Is music a universal language?
◆universal a.全體的;普遍的;;眾所周知的;宇宙的;全世界的;萬能的,通用的;多才多藝的;博聞廣見的
eg: The government introduced universal secondary education years ago.
幾年前,政府就倡導普及中等教育。
Football is a universal game. 足球是一項全球性的運動。
11>Ricky Martin performed the song of the 1988 World Cup.
◆performvt.1. 履行;執(zhí)行;完成;做 2. 演出,表演,演奏
vi.1. 演出,表演,演奏[(+on/at)] 2. (機器)運轉(zhuǎn);(人)行動,表現(xiàn)
eg:The young doctor performed the heart operation. 這位年輕醫(yī)生為病人做了心臟手術(shù)。
Our team performed well in the match yesterday. 我隊在昨天的比賽中表現(xiàn)得很出色
12>The house where he once lived has been turned into a museum.
◆turn...into...把...變成/翻譯/改寫成...
eg: Turn this sentence into English. 將這句話譯成英文。
The barren land has been turned into fertile fields. 貧瘠的土地已改成良田。
Water has turned into ice. 水已經(jīng)結(jié)成了冰。
3.integrating skills
1>Rock and pop music are becoming more and more similar.
◆similara.1. 相像的,相仿的,類似的[(+to)]
eg:His problem is similar to yours. 他的問題和你的相似。
My view is similar to yours. 我的看法與你相似。
They had similar views. 他們意見相似。
2>Rock, on the other hand, make music their life. They play music to satisfy their inner desire.
◆on the other hand 另一方面;從另一方面說
[聯(lián)想]on (the) one hand 一方面
eg:On the one hand the price is cheap,but on the other hand the quality is poor.
3>They play music to satisfy their inner desire.
◆satisfy vt.使?jié)M意,使高興;使?jié)M足(+with);滿足(需要,欲望等);符合,達到(要求,標準等)
eg:That answer won t satisfy her. 那個回答不能令她滿意。
Our company will do everything to satisfy our customers.
我們公司將盡一切努力令顧客滿意。
You can t apply for the job until you have satisfied certain conditions.
符合某些條件前,你不能申請這個工作
◆[聯(lián)想]satisfactory a. 令人滿意的;符合要求的;良好的
satisfaction n. 滿意,滿足;稱心 satisfied a. 感到滿意的; 令人滿意的; 滿足的
satisfying a. 滿意的;充分的;確信的
◆desire vt. 渴望;要求[+to-v][+that]
n. 欲望,渴望
eg: He desired us to leave soon. 他希望我們盡快離開。
She desired to marry a rich man. 她很想嫁個富翁。
4>They sing for their emotions and live for music.
◆emotion n. 感情,情感[C]
eg:Love, hatred, and grief are emotions. 愛,恨和悲都是情感。
5>The process of making rock music is totally different.
◆process n. 過程,進程;步驟;程序;工序;制作法
eg:I will tell you, sooner or later, all the complicated process.
我早晚要將整個復雜過程告訴你。
They are using a new process to make glass.
他們正在用一種新方法制造玻璃。
6>Most pop songs tell stories about love and are written to entertain people.
◆entertain vt.1. 使歡樂,使娛樂 2. 招待,款待(+with/at/to)
vi. 款待,請客
eg:We were all entertained by his humorous stories. 他的幽默故事使我們大家都很開心。
They often entertained their friends at weekends. 他們常在周末招待朋友。
7>Music intelligence is one of our eight human intelligences.
◆intelligence n. 智能;智慧;理解力
eg:He s obviously a man of very high intelligence.顯然他是個非常聰明的人。
intelligence test 智力測驗,智能測驗
◆[聯(lián)想]intelligent a.有才智的;聰明的;明智的;有理性的;智能的
eg:The child made a very intelligent comment.
那孩子作了很有見地的評論。
8>Some people study better with music on.
◆with music on 此為with復合結(jié)構(gòu)的一種.該知識點在本站論壇有詳解.
4>workbook
1>The band has four hits in 1970.
◆hit n.[C]打擊;擊中;成功而風行一時的事物
eg:They got five hits and one miss. 他們五次擊中,一次未中。
The new play is the hit of the season. 這出新戲是本季最叫座的。
2>Michael s first record sold eight million copies in America.
◆sell 此處意為:達到...銷售額
eg:The novel has sold about two hundred thousand copies. 這部小說已銷售約二十萬冊。
◆[聯(lián)想]sell vt.賣,銷售;【口】欺騙;背叛,出賣
vi. 賣,出售;(商品)(以...價格)售出(+at/for);有銷路
eg:He sold his bike to me for $40. 他以四十美元的價錢把自行車賣給了我。
She was sold again. 她又上當了。
3>Michae has had an easy life.
◆easy 此處意為: 安逸的,安樂的;寬裕的
eg:The rich young woman has an easy life. 那位富有的年輕女人過著舒適的生活。
4>Instead they are writing once more about things that are common for everyone.
◆once more 同once again,再一次
eg:John s back home once more. 約翰又回家了。
5>Money was also thought to be important.
◆think...(to be)... 認為,以為,后接賓語從句或賓語加賓語補語
eg:We thought it our duty to take care of the orphans.
我們認為照顧這些孤兒是我們的職責。
6>In the 1960s,song writers turned to other subjects.
◆turn to (注意力等)轉(zhuǎn)移;(想法等)轉(zhuǎn)變;翻轉(zhuǎn)到;求教;求助
eg:When I am in difficulty, I always turn to him for help. 我有困難時總是找他幫忙。
Let s turn to page 8. 讓我們翻到第八頁。
The conversation turned to fishing. 話題轉(zhuǎn)到了捕魚上。
7>Many young students were angry with society,so songs were full of anger.
◆angry發(fā)怒的,生氣的(+at/with/about)
eg:Don t be angry with me for not having written. 別因為我沒有寫信而生我的氣。
◆full 滿的;充滿的[(+of)]
eg:The room was full of people. 室內(nèi)擠滿了人。
He looked at the large footprints in the snow,full of fear.
他看著雪地里的大腳印,滿心恐懼.
8>Political leaders were not well thought of and those songs often make fun of them.
◆think well of 對什么評價很高
◆[聯(lián)想]think highly of 高度贊揚 think little of 不重視;認為...沒價值
think nothing of 把...視為平常