1.include和contain的區(qū)別見(jiàn)《輕巧奪冠》P4 第1條
include 常以including 和included的形式出現(xiàn)在短語(yǔ)中。
我們這里一共有10 個(gè)人，包括3 個(gè)女孩。
There are ten of us here，including three girls.
…………………………, three girls included.
2.whether 和if 的區(qū)別。見(jiàn)周報(bào)第46 期第二版。
whether 和if 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句一般情況下都可以互換。
1)句中出現(xiàn)or/or not 時(shí)，且位于句末，用whether/if都可以。
Whether后可以直接跟 or not，if則不能。
2)在引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句﹑表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，只能用whether。
3)whether 引導(dǎo)的從句可作介詞賓語(yǔ)，而if 則不可以
4) whether 引導(dǎo)的從句可以作某些動(dòng)詞，如：discuss 的賓語(yǔ)，而if則不能。
5) whether 可與不定式連用，而if則不能。
Practise：Fill in the blanks with if or whether or choose the best answer。
He wasn’t sure whether/if he ought to laugh or cry.
I don’t know whether or not he is coming.
Whether it is true remains a problem.
__B___we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where
What the doctors really doubt is _C______ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
A. when B.how C.whether D.why
I am in doubt whether I should agree to the plan.
Everything depends on whether we have enough time.
We discuss whether we should close the shop.
I don’t know whether to accept the gift.
3.pepare; prepare for; preparation; get ready for 的用法復(fù)習(xí)
見(jiàn)《輕巧奪冠》P4 第2條。
Reading
1. then adv. 的用法見(jiàn)《奪冠》P5第3條 特別注意3）用來(lái)修飾名詞，意為“那時(shí)的，當(dāng)時(shí)的”
2.conclude vt./vi.的用法見(jiàn)《奪冠》P5第4條
特別注意3）推斷出, 斷定 [+that]
4)conclusion. n. 結(jié)論；決定；推論
短語(yǔ)：
draw a conclusion/conclusions得出結(jié)論，推斷
come to the conclusion that... 所得結(jié)論是..., 斷定
bring sth. To a speedy conclusion 使某事盡快結(jié)束
leap / jump to a conclusion冒然斷定， 過(guò)早下結(jié)論
in conclusion = lastly 最后,總之
In conclusion I’ d like to say that you did it very well.
5.hire 的用法見(jiàn)《奪冠》的第5條
1） hire vt. 雇用（某人）,（同）dismiss/take on, (反) dismiss/fire ;租借（東西）＝rent
3）n雇傭，租用，租金
特別注意區(qū)別：hire ；employ；rent；appoint
We intend to___D______ the hall for a week.
A. employ B .rent C. appoint D. hire
6.set down的用的見(jiàn)《奪冠》P5 第6條 的1） 4）
短語(yǔ)聯(lián)想：
set about sth./doing sth.做手某事/做某事＝set out to do開始干
set off 出發(fā)
set aside 不理會(huì)；擱置；存儲(chǔ)＝put away
set foot in/on 踏上
set fire to sth./set sth on fire 防火燒掉…
set up 成立；建造
be set in 以…為背景
7. keep /lose track of…=keep in/lose touch with 與…保持/失去接觸
be on sb’s track/be on the track of sb.=be after sb.追蹤某人
make tracks for…＝go towards 走向
in one’s tracks =there and then當(dāng)場(chǎng)，立刻 見(jiàn)《奪冠》P6第7條
8.live to be 活到 不定式 to be 作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)
她活到了八十歲。She lived to be 80.
吃為了活著，但不要為了吃而活著。Eat to live, but don’t live to eat.
類似結(jié)構(gòu)：prove /turn to be…證明是；結(jié)果是
9. balance v. 使……保持平衡; 結(jié)算; 等價(jià)，抵消
How long can you balance on one foot?
balance an account / one’s books 結(jié)帳
This year’s profits will balance our previous losses.
balance n.天平; 平衡
keep the balance of nature
keep/lose one’s balance
9.with an area of…擁有…面積 見(jiàn)《奪冠》P6第8條
10.as conj.雖然，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，必須倒裝表語(yǔ)名詞（若為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)必須省去a/an）或形容詞﹑副詞狀語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞原形。此時(shí)用though 也可以，但though引導(dǎo)的從句可以倒裝也可以不倒裝。
Child as/though he is, he knows a lot.
Young as/though he is ,he can do it well.
Much as /thoughI like the book, I won’t buy it.
Try as /thoughhe may , he won’t succeed.他或許會(huì)嘗試，但不會(huì)成功。
_________, I have never senn anyone who’s as capable as John.
A.As long as I have traveled B.Now that I have traveled so mucu
C. Much as I have traveled D.As I have traveled so much
“雖然，盡管”的表示法復(fù)習(xí)見(jiàn)《奪冠》第9條
11.fade的用法見(jiàn)《奪冠》P6第10條
補(bǔ)：vi. 從視覺(jué)﹑聽覺(jué)或記憶中漸漸消失
歡呼聲在遠(yuǎn)方漸漸消失。
The sound of the cheering faded away in the distance. （＝died away）
夜幕降臨時(shí)，海岸線消失在黑暗中。
As evening came, the coastline faded into darkness. (=disappeared)
Their hopes faded. (=disappeared)
她永遠(yuǎn)忘不了她的兒子。
The memory of her son will never fade from her mind.
12.go on with; go on to do; go on doing; continue with sth.; continue doing(to do) sth. 的用法復(fù)習(xí)見(jiàn)《奪冠》第11條
13.diagnose sb. with a disease 診斷某人患了某種疾病
be diagnosed. with a disease 被診斷患了某種疾病
14.record vt.記錄，錄制 n 記錄；唱片（注意讀音）
keep a record 保持記錄
set a new record 創(chuàng)新記錄
break/beat a record 打破記錄
make a new record 刷新記錄
keep a record of 保存…的記載
make e record 錄制/制作唱片
15. in a row 連續(xù)，一連串；排成一排地 in rows 成行， 成排見(jiàn)《奪冠》P7 12條 著重2）
16..in the first place首先, 第一點(diǎn)(用于列舉理由等時(shí))＝firstly；原先，本來(lái)
in the last place最后
in the next place其次, 第二點(diǎn)
in place of代替, 用...而不用…in place 在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?/p>
I won,t go out today. In the first place I am tired; in the next place I have so much work to do.
17.enterain 的用法見(jiàn)《奪冠》P7 14條 注意當(dāng)“款待”時(shí)的用法＝treat sb to sth./serve sb with
18.make for 可造成；可成為；有好處，有助于＝contribute to
大字排版使閱讀輕松些。The large print makes for easier reading.
早起有利于健康嗎？Does early rising make for good health?
文化交流有助于相互了解。Cultural exchanges makes for mutual understanding.
19.attempt的用法復(fù)習(xí)見(jiàn)《奪冠》P7 15條
Mary has been preparing carefully for the English examination, so that she can be sure of passing it at her first_______. A. request B. attempt C. promise D. purpose
(…以便于第一次嘗試九能通過(guò))
A man is being questioned in relation to the ________ murder last night.
A. advised B. attended C. attempted D. admitted
(一個(gè)涉嫌參與昨天夜里謀殺的人正在接受審訊.)
20.apply for 的用法見(jiàn)《奪冠》P8 第16 條
1) vi. apply( to sb.) for sth.(向某人)申請(qǐng)某物 apply to do sth. 申請(qǐng)干某事
2)vt. 應(yīng)用；運(yùn)用
4)apply oneself to stn../doing sth.=devote oneself to sth./doing sth. 專心從事/埋頭于…
注意：application n.u 申請(qǐng)，請(qǐng)求，n.c 申請(qǐng)書
applicant n.c 申請(qǐng)人
applicable adj.使用的，合適的
21.inspect vt 見(jiàn)《奪冠》P8 17 條
22. confirm vt.見(jiàn)《奪冠》P8 18 條
23.result vi.; n.見(jiàn)《奪冠》P8 20 條
動(dòng)詞的用法：result in…=lead to/cause/bring aout 導(dǎo)致
result from…=be caused by起因于…；由…導(dǎo)致/造成的
參考第6 和7 兩個(gè)例子。
他的粗心造成了失敗。His carelessness resulted in failure.
失敗是由他的粗心導(dǎo)致的。Failure resulted from his carelessness.
Language Study
1.be fascinated by 被…迷住
be fascinated with迷上…
2.burst into +n. =burst into +doing 突然而猛烈地發(fā)出或產(chǎn)生某物 見(jiàn)《奪冠》P9 22 條
突然喝彩/大笑/大哭/尖叫burst into cheers/laughter/tears/screams
=burst out cheering/laughing/crying/screaming
突然大唱起來(lái)
他們突然哈哈大笑。
Integrating skills
1.head vi. 前往；朝向
head down to 開往；前往；朝向 更常用 head for
When I saw the car heading for me, I stepped aside.
Clouds are gathering. I think we’d better head for the hotel in case it starts to rain.
2.permit n. permission n.的用法見(jiàn) 《奪冠》P9 23 條
第1，2，3，7，例子
3..have been around 遍布全球（各地）；深入人心
4. familia 和 similar見(jiàn)《奪冠》P9 24條
sb. be familiar with sth. 某人對(duì)…熟悉/通曉
sb. be familiar with sb. 與某人過(guò)分親熱
sth. be familiar to sb. 為某人所熟悉
familiarity n. 熟悉，親密
be similar to 與…相似/類似
similarity n 相似，相似之點(diǎn)
5.center v. 見(jiàn)《奪冠》P9－10 第25 條 2） 3）
center/certre sth. on /upon 將某物集中在…上；集中于 center/certre on /upon/around 將某人或某事物當(dāng)作中心或重點(diǎn); 集中于他們的談話總是圍繞著政治。Their talks always center around politics.
The discussion centers on the most important questions.
6. concentrate 見(jiàn)《奪冠》P10 26條
vt. 集中
concentrate＋賓語(yǔ) (thought/attention…)on/upon 集中(思想/注意力…) 于…
We must concentrate our attention on efficiency.
我們必須把注意力集中在效率上。
聚集,集結(jié)＝center
我國(guó)人口集中在大城市里。
Our population is concentrated in the big cities.
vi.
全神貫注;專心致志于；全力以赴；專心與[(+on/upon)]
She couldn't concentrate on a book very long.
她不能長(zhǎng)時(shí)間專心讀一本書。
concentration n. concentration camp 集中營(yíng)
There is too much noise outside, I can not _D____ my attention on my work.
A. fill B. connect C. flat D. concentrate
7.delight
n.
1.) 欣喜,愉快[U]＝j(luò)oy
令我們高興的是to our delight
興高采烈/高興地 with delight.
以…為樂(lè) take/find delight in
2.) 樂(lè)事,樂(lè)趣[C]
他喜歡紐約夜生活的樂(lè)趣。
He enjoyed the delights of New York's night life.
vt.使高興；使愉快
小丑逗樂(lè)了觀眾。
The clown delighted the audience.
你回來(lái)了,我很高興。
I'm delighted that you are back.
我們很高興拜讀你的小說(shuō)。
We were delighted to read your novel.
be delighted by/with sth 因…而高興
8.register
vt.
1. 登記,注冊(cè),申報(bào)
沃爾多去市政廳為他兒子作出生登記。
Waldo went to the city hall to register the birth of his son.
2. (儀表等)標(biāo)示,指示;記錄
溫度計(jì)顯示七十度。
The thermometer registered 70 degrees.
vi.
登記,注冊(cè)
我在靠近火車站的一家旅館登記住宿。
I registered at a hotel near the train station.