1. wish you were here
wish 之后的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣，用過去時表示對現在的虛擬，用過去完成時表示對過去的虛擬。“但愿，要是…就好了”
hope/ wish
I see you soon. Let’s the best.
I I a bird. I she come tonight.
My parents me to grow up quickly. I you a happy New Year!
--- Do you think he will pass the exam?
--- I so.
2. go trekking 長途跋涉
3. what animal is uncomfortable to sit on?
這人很難相處。The man is hard .
這個題目對于我來說很容易解決。The problem is easy for me .
我需要一頂帳篷在里面睡覺。I need a tent .
給我一張紙寫字。Give me a piece of paper .
有五雙可供選擇。There are five pairs .
4. adventure①U. 冒險C 冒險經歷，奇遇
充滿驚險刺激的生活 a life full of adventure
年輕人總喜歡冒險。The young are always fond of .
這位探險家跟孩子們講了他的非洲奇遇。The explorer told the children about his in Africa.
②vt. 大膽提出或進行，敢于 大膽提出意見
③vi. 冒險，企圖僥幸（on/upon）
Those explorers adventured on unknown seas.
5. be busy (in) doing sth be busy at/with/over/about sth
女孩忙著做家庭作業。The girl is busy at/ with her homework.
你在忙什么？What are you busy with?
我們看見他們忙著打掃教室。We saw then busy cleaning the classroom.
我們發現他忙于生意。We found him busy with his business.
6. astonishing adj.“驚人的，感到驚訝的” astonished adj. “感到驚訝的” 常做表語。
astonish vt. 使驚訝 astonishment n.驚訝
The news astonished everyone. He was astonished to hear he had got the job.
She looked astonished when she heard the news.
You seem astonished at the result.
I find it quiet astonishing that none of you liked the play.
It is astonishing that he finished the work so early.
To my astonishment , it disappeared completely.
He glared at the painting in astonishment .
7. We leave London on 15th July … 用一般現在時表示將來時，在口語中，一般現在時有時用來表示一個按規定，計劃或安排要發生的事，這時都有個表示將來的時間狀語。這種用法僅限于少數動詞：begin, start, arrive, come, leave, go, open, close, be ,sail etc.
飛機上午11點起飛。The plane at 11 a.m.
他們明天到。They here tomorrow.
我今天下午2點到4點在辦公室。I in my office from two to four this afternoon.
8. dusty adj. (dustier, dustiest ) ①滿是灰塵的②（顏色）土灰色的，灰暗的
The water in the Yellow River is dusty.
At last they came to an old temple which was dusty.
9. by camel by 此處表方法，手段，原因“以…，借助于…”
①by +不帶冠詞的工具名詞 乘火車/公共汽車/飛機/船/汽車/的士
②by+ doing 通過教學/務農
by 還可用于 ①hit/ catch/ lead +sb. by the +身體部位
這男孩拉著他妹妹的胳膊。
那位媽媽牽著小孩的手過馬路。
② (一個)接著（一個） 逐漸 逐步
10. travel down the River Nile down “向下，順流而下”
up/ down
Tom jumped and caught the ball. We walked the hill before the sunset.
The ship sailed the river to get to the source of the river.
汽車沿海岸向北行駛了兩英里。The car has traveled two miles the seashore.
我給你講講南方的情況吧。Let me tell you about what’s going on south.
他進了城里，而他姐姐去了農村。He went to the town while his sister went to the country side.
每年有大量的學生成為牛津大學的新生，也有許多離校。Every year many students go to Oxford, while many go from it.
11. actually adv. ①（口語中用于強調事實）的確，真實地
他的確沒來過。He didn’t come here actually.
②（表想法與事實不一致而驚奇）居然，竟然
他既然指望我給他付票錢。He actually expected me to pay for his ticket.
③（禮貌地糾正他人）實際上，事實上
事實上，我們不是美國人。We’re not Americans.
④（禮貌地引起注意，轉移話題）說實在的，確實
說實在的，我這會很忙。Actually, I’m busy now.
12. rough adj. ①粗糙的，高低不平的②粗魯的③粗略的，大體的④艱難的，難受的
The skin on her hands is hard and rough.
I had a rough time during the war.
Our car bumped up and down on the rough road.
He made a rough sketch. He is rough in speech.
They draw a conclusion in rough.
The boss was very rough on the staff.
13. special clothing clothing /cloth/clothe/ clothes/ dress的區別：
How much clothing does it take to make a blouse of the girl?
Then they handed each of us a hot wet clothing to wipe our hand.
She often wears beautiful clothes .
When she gets home she will take off her clothes .
This shop sells women’s .
The mother is clothing her baby.
My sister is wearing a red .
14. in case ① conj. “萬一，以防” ②adv.放于句末，“以防萬一，免得”
我一天都呆在家里，以防湯姆打電話來。I’ll stay at home .
坐出租車吧免得開會遲到了。Take a taxi .
你最好帶些錢，以防萬一。
in case of +n “萬一發生，在（有壞事的）情況下”常放在句首。
萬一發生火災，打電話給警察，
萬一下雨，比賽就回延期。
in no case “決不”放在句首，全句要部分倒狀。
你決不應該放棄。
我決不會改變主意。In no case shall I change my mind.
in any case adv.“無論如何，不管這樣”
無論如何，盡力而為。
在任何情況下，我都會支持你。In any case, I’ll stand behind you.
in that case“既然如此”
I don’t think I’ll need any money but I’ll bring some .
A. at last B. in case C. once again D. in time
I always take something to read when I go to the doctor’s I have to wait.
A. in case B. so that C. in order D. as if
--- it’s cloudy outside. Please take an umbrella.
--- .
A. Yes, take it easy. B. Well, it just depends C. OK, just in case D. All right, you’re welcome.
15. get turned upside down upside down adv.①顛倒地，翻倒過來地②亂七八糟地
不要倒拿盒子。 她把房間弄的亂七八糟。
16. whatever ① “無論什么”引導賓語從句。
無論決定什么，他都不同意。He disagreed with .
父母不應該給孩子無論什么他們想要的。Parents shouldn’t give their children .
我想到什么就說什么。I will just say .
② no matter how 引導讓步狀語從句。
不管你做什么決定，我都會支持你。 ,I will support you.
不管其他人怎么想，他繼續他的工作。 , he keeps working.
The old tower must be saved, the cost.
A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. wherever
The poor young man is ready to accept help he can get.
A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whenever
17. supply n&v ①U 供應，供給，提供 supply and demand in short supply
The water company cut the supply of water for no reason.
②C a (good)supply of 大量的
we need a good supply of water when traveling in desert.
③pl. 供應品,補給品
We’ll be receiving new water supplies next week.
The medical supplies were running out.
④vt. 供應，供給，提供 supply sth to sb =supply sb with sth
The government free books schools.= The government schools free books.
牛提供牛奶給我們。
All the room are with electric lights.
A. supplied B. given C. offered D. burnt
18. as … as possible : as …. as one can
盡可能早地 盡可能經常地 盡可能友好地 盡可能多地
盡可能遠地 盡可能近地 盡可能快地
The more I think about him, the more reasons I find for loving him I did.
A. as much as B. as long as C. as soon as D. as far as
19. scare ① v. （使）害怕 ~ sb.
那響聲把我嚇了一跳。
② ~ away / off 把…嚇跑 ~ into/out of doing嚇得做/不做
light a fire to the wolves
They him the keys.他們把他嚇的交出了鑰匙。
③n. 驚慌，恐怖 give sb. a scare 使某人嚇一跳
④scared/ scary be scared at sth be scared to do be scared that-clause
20. bite v. (bit, bitten) 咬，啃， 叮
Once bite, twice shy.
別咬指甲。 我的狗不咬人。
那只狗咬了小偷的腿。The dog the thief the leg.
我的狗把我的褲子咬了個洞。My dog a hole in my pants.
嬰兒被蚊子叮了。The baby mosquitoes.
be bitten with bite one’s lip bite back
21. view ①U 觀看，視野②C 風景，景色③C 看法，意見+ on/about
那寺廟值得一看。
從山丘頂上眺望，風景真美。
有關這個問題你的看法如何？
依我看，這個計劃行不通。
in one’s view take the long view in view of
viewer 觀眾，觀看者
22. look forward to “期盼，盼望” to 為介詞
v+ prep. to 短語小結：pay attention to refer to get down to turn to lead to
be used to stick to prefer sth to sth lead to agree to devote… to
23. remind (27) 提醒，使想起
remind sb. of /about sth/sb remind sb to do sth remind sb that/ wh-
謝謝你的禮物，它會使我常常想起你。
他提醒我要帶的裝備。
請提醒他明天開會別遲到。
她提醒我說我還沒交作業呢。
請提醒我要準備什么東西。
In our childhood, we were often by Grandma to pat attention to our table manners.
A. demanded B. reminded C. allowed D. hoped
What he said just now me of that American professor.
A. mentioned B. informed C. reminded D. memorized
24. run out (27) ①用完了，其主語通常是時間，食物，金錢等，表被動含義
他的錢很快就花完了。
②run out of 用完了，其主語通常是人 他很快用完了錢。
③run out of 從…流出/跑出 那女孩哭著跑出了教室。
24 . as well / as well as
He is a doctor, and a professor .
The teacher, her students, gone to see a film.
She can cook sew.
25. total adj./n/v 合計，總計 totally adv.完全地 in total
一共有20000人參觀了這個地方。 2000 people visited the place.
26. silence n. ①沉默 in（total）silence
Speech is silver while silence is golden.
我們默默地互相注視著。
②（對某事）緘默+on