1.adjust to sth./doing sth. Adjust oneself to sth. :make oneself suitable for;get used to sth. 適應(yīng)―――
如：1)The reasonable man adjusts himself to the world; the unreasonable one persists in trying to adjust the world to himself.有理性的人能使自己適應(yīng)世界；無理性的人力圖讓世界適應(yīng)自己。
2) I find it very difficult to adjust myself to the climate here.
Adjustable adj. 可調(diào)節(jié)的
2．Keep it up : continue doing or trying. 不松勁，堅(jiān)持下去；在這個(gè)短語中，it詞意模糊，只是幫助構(gòu)成習(xí)語。
If only he could keep it up, he would break the world record.
又如，在 take it easy (別著急)，So it seems.(好像如此)等習(xí)語中，it 也沒有實(shí)際意義。
3．Fit it (with): get along (with) 相處融洽；適應(yīng)
1） They work hard and fit it well.
2） It is necessary for us to fit in with the times. 與時(shí)俱進(jìn)
4。Six months ago, Xie Lei said goodbye to her family and friends in China and boarded a plane for London. 六個(gè)月以前，謝蕾告別中國的家人和朋友，登上了飛往倫敦的飛機(jī)。
board n.木板、硬板（用作甲板等）的意思。
On board: in a train, ship, or plane-在火車（輪船、飛機(jī)上）
如：They got on board the train.
We almost felt we were on board the spaceship.
V. 1) get on (a bus, a train, plane----) 上（車、船、飛機(jī)等）
如：Passengers should board the train now.
2)食宿，寄宿；收費(fèi)為――供膳宿
When he was in France, he boarded with a French family.
When you went to school. Were you a day student or did you board(=sleep or eat there during school time)?
She boarded (=provide meals and somewhere to sleep for) a university student at her house.
Boarder N.寄宿生 boarding school 寄宿學(xué)校
a boarding card 登機(jī)卡/登船卡
5. It was the first time she had ever left her home country.
1）the first time 的用法：該句使用了句型"It is+ the+序數(shù)詞+time+ that從句", that從句中的謂語常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
2）辨析: the first time與for the first time
the first time 作n. 或conj. for the first time 介詞短語用作狀語.
如：I thought her honest ___ I met her.
A. first time B. for the first time
C. the first time D. by the first time 選C
這句話的意思是: “第一次和她見面時(shí), 我就認(rèn)為她誠實(shí)。” “第一次”英語為the first time, the first time I met her相當(dāng)于when I first met her。for the first time的意思是 “作為第一次”。
如: He cast his net for the first time. 他撒了第一網(wǎng)。for the first time的作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)副詞。
3）It’s time for sth. 該做某事了。
It's time that...中, that從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用過去時(shí)或用"should+動(dòng)詞原形"(should不能省略)。
It's time we started. (It's time we should start.)
6.qualification n. 合格證明，資格證書；資格；條件
Do you have any teaching/legal/medical/academic qualification?
Do you have qualifications for teaching English?
= Do you have qualifications to teach English?
2) qualified adj. 有資格的，合格的，勝任的
Tim is now a qualified architect.
What make you think you ‘re qualified for the job?
qualify v. (使)具有資格；（使）合格
Peter has just qualified as a doctor (= passed the exams necessary to become a doctor)
I hope to qualify (= successfully complete a training course ) at the end of the year.
7. She is halfway through the preparation year which most foreign students complete before entering a degree course.
preparation n. 準(zhǔn)備
如：The boy was very lazy. He did little preparation for the exam.
這男孩很懶，他對(duì)考試幾乎沒有事先準(zhǔn)備。
prepare相關(guān)的短語:
be prepared for sth. / to do sth. 對(duì)某事做好準(zhǔn)備
prepare for sth. / to do sth. 為某事做準(zhǔn)備
make preparations for sth. / to do sth. 為某事做準(zhǔn)備
prepare sb.（sth.）for sth. / to do sth. 使某人對(duì)某事做準(zhǔn)備
in preparation 在準(zhǔn)備中 make preparation 做準(zhǔn)備
8. Xie Lei highly recommends the course.
1)highly adv. 1) 高度的 a highly developed economy 高度發(fā)達(dá)的經(jīng)濟(jì)
2) very 很，非常 highly skilled/intelligent 十分熟練/聰明
辨析: highly和high
high表示空間高度, 通常指物；highly表示程度，相當(dāng)于much。
The plane was flying high.
I think highly of your opinion.
如：Although he was disabled when he was only ten years of age, yet he aimed ________, for which his classmates spoke ________ of him.
A. high; high B. highly; highly C. highly; high D. high; highly
2)．recommend vt.
1) Recommend sth. To sb.=recommend sb. Sth. 向某人推薦某物
He recommended a book to his students.
＝He recommended his students a book.
2) recommend sb. for sth. 推薦某人做某事
He will recommend you for the job.
3) recommend sb. as+名詞 推薦某人為――
I recommend her as your secretary.
4) recommend doing sth.=advise doing sh. 勸告/建議做某事
He recommended going for a walk after dinner.
5) recommend sb. to do sth. 勸告/建議某人做某事＝recommend sb.(should) do sth.
I recommend her to have her eyes examined.=I recommend her that she (should) have her eyes examined.
9. It’s not just study that is difficult. 困難不僅僅在學(xué)習(xí)方面。
It is (was) 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that (who) +句子其他部分。
此結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分僅限于主語，賓語和狀語。
如：It is from the sun that we get light and heat.
It was not until I had read your letter that I understood the true state of affairs.
1) It was last night ___ I see the comet.
A. the time B. when C. that D. which
2) It is ten years ___ Miss Green returned to Canada.
A. that B. when C. since D. as
10. You have to get used to a whole new way of life, which can take up all your concentration in the beginning.
get used to 習(xí)慣做某事。后接名詞或doing形式。
I have got used to the local custom.
辨析: be used to do, used to do與 be used to doing
1) be used to do 被用作The table is used to put on things.
2) used to + do：“過去常常”表示過去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，但如今已不存在。Mary used to take a walk. (過去常常散步)
3) be used to + doing： 對(duì)……已感到習(xí)慣，或“習(xí)慣于”，to是介詞，后需加名詞或動(dòng)名詞。Mary is used to taking a walk. (現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣于散步)
He used to get up late. But now he is used to getting up early.
take up
1) 占去時(shí)間 I won’t take up much of your time. 我不會(huì)占用你太多時(shí)間。
2) 占去空間 The big bed takes up a lot of room.
3) 從事于，專注于 He took up maths while at school.
與take相關(guān)的短語:
take away 拿走，離開； take in sth. 接受 ；take in sb. 欺騙
take off 起飛，取消；take on 呈現(xiàn)，承擔(dān)；take on sb. 雇用
take over接管；take to 喜歡；take turn 輪流
11. When I got lost and had to ask a passer-by directions, I didn’t always understand。當(dāng)我迷路，不得不向過路人問路時(shí)，我并不是總能明白。
got lost是由“get+過去分詞”構(gòu)成的短語，類似的還有g(shù)et excited, get married, get hurt, get paid, get dressed, get drunk.
12. Xie Lei lives with a host family who give her lots of good advice.
謝蕾住在當(dāng)?shù)匾粦羧思依铮@家人給了她很多的建議。
host vt.& n. 1) 主人 2) 主持人Your host on tonight’s show is Mr Li.
3) 主辦, 主持或作為主人接待客人
He will host the 42nd Annual Grammy Awards ceremony.
hostess n. 女主持人，女主人
13. I was numb with shock! 我驚得發(fā)呆！
句中with用來表示原因，意為“因?yàn)椋捎凇? Her face was pale with cold.
14. acknowledge v. 接受；承認(rèn)；認(rèn)為
1) acknowledge doing sth.
She acknowledged having been frightened.
2) acknowledge + that-clause
She acknowledged that she had been frightened.
3) acknowledge sth.
You must acknowledge the truth of her argument.
They refused to acknowlede the new government.
4) acknowledge-as / to be = to accept or recognizw 承認(rèn)；認(rèn)可
She is acknowledged as / to be their best tennis player.
5) in acknowledgement of 承認(rèn)―――；感謝―――； 以――表謝意
He was given a gold watch in acknowledgement f his work for the company.
15. Besides, as far as he was concerned what other people thought was not the most important thing. 另外，他還說別人的想法不是最重要的事情。
1) besides 用作介詞，作“除……之外，還有”； There are five other people besides both of us. 除了我們兩人之外，還有五個(gè)人。
它還可用作副詞，作“還有，而且”解。含有肯定和附加的意思。I don’t want to go out for a walk. Besides, I’m very hungry.我不想出去散步，況且我很餓
比較：We invited every boy student except Bob. 除了鮑勃外，我們邀請(qǐng)了所有的男生。 (鮑勃不包括在內(nèi))
Does John know any other foreign language ________ French?
A. except B. but C. besides D. beside
2) concern v. 涉及，關(guān)系到, 關(guān)心
n. (1) 關(guān)系或利害關(guān)系之事 (2) 關(guān)心,擔(dān)心
Don't interfere in what doesn't concern you. 別管與自己無關(guān)的事。
Our losses are beginning to concern me. 我們的損失使我擔(dān)心起來。
習(xí)慣用法：show concern for sb. 關(guān)心某人
She is indifferent to your love for she shows no concern for you.
她對(duì)你的愛情無動(dòng)于衷，因?yàn)樗龑?duì)你毫不關(guān)心。
have no concern with sth. 同某事沒有關(guān)系I have no concern with your family dispute.你的家庭糾紛與我無關(guān)。
be concerned with 涉及，與……有關(guān)
He was suspected to be concerned with the bribery case.
他被懷疑涉嫌這起受賄案。
be concerned about/for/with…關(guān)心…
The mother was so concerned for her hospitalized son that she kept awake for several nights. 這位母親關(guān)心生病住院的兒子, 幾夜沒有合眼。
3) so/as far as…is concerned. 就……而言
As far as I'm concerned, I should like to say I am not in favor of the plan.
As far as the weather is concerned, I do not think it will matter if we go there tomorrow.
As far as I know 據(jù)我所知;遠(yuǎn)到
As far as I know, he is still working there.
He used to take a walk after supper, often as far as two or three miles.
16. feel/be at home: be comfortable as if one belongs where one is.（象在家一樣）舒服自在。
She felt at home on the stage this time, though she seldom appeared.
She was quite at home, because she recognized familiar faces.
17.occupy: take up 占；填滿
Is the flat already occupied?
Be occupied with/(in) doing : be busy doing something忙于做某事
He is occupied preparing for the mid-term exams.
Occupy oneself with (in)-忙碌，全神貫注，從事
He occupied himself with/in packing the car.
18.have something/nothing/a lot/much in common (with sb.) 與某人有/沒有/有許多共同之處
John and Peter are good friends because they have much in common.
19.deserve:be worthy of; be fit for 值得；應(yīng)受。
Good work deserves good pay.
One good turn deserves another.以德報(bào)德
20. The Andes Mountains running parallel to the coast.安第斯山脈（與沿海地帶）平行一直到海岸。
run v. 伸展，延伸 ▲與run相關(guān)的短語:
run for it 逃跑； run across 偶然遇見； run after 追趕；
run at 向某人沖去；run into sb. 撞著某人；run off 排出
run over 溢出； run away 逃走
21. Peru has a wide variety of plants from desert grasses to vast areas of jungle, and abundant wildlife.秘魯有大量的植物，從沙漠里的小草到大面積的叢林，而且還有大量的野生動(dòng)物。
abundant adj. (more than enough) 多的；充裕的 be abundant in 富于......，......很豐富
There is abundant evidence that cars have a harmful effect on the environment.
This coastline is abundant in rare species of plants.
abundance n. 豐富 in abundance 大量，充裕
an abundance of 很多的......
22. Don’t be governed by what other people say.
不要被別人的話所左右。
govern v. 管理，治理